Michigan Laws > Chapter 125 > Act 18 of 1933 – Housing Facilities
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Terms Used In Michigan Laws > Chapter 125 > Act 18 of 1933 - Housing Facilities
- Accession: means goods that are physically united with other goods in such a manner that the identity of the original goods is not lost. See Michigan Laws 440.9102
- Accessory: means any accessory, equipment, additional part or replacement part for a vehicle for which a certificate of title is required to be issued under this act. See Michigan Laws 257.1a
- Account: means any depositor credit account with a bank, including a demand, time, savings, passbook, share draft, or like account, other than an account evidenced by a certificate of deposit. See Michigan Laws 440.4104
- Active service: means service, including active state service and special duty required by law, regulation, or pursuant to order of the governor. See Michigan Laws 32.505
- Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
- Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
- Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.
- Agricultural lien: means an interest, other than a security interest, in farm products that meets all of the following requirements:
(i) The interest secures payment or performance of an obligation for 1 or more of the following:
(A) Goods or services furnished in connection with a debtor's farming operation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it. Amortization: Paying off a loan by regular installments. annual meeting: when applied to townships, mean the annual meeting required by law to be held on the Saturday immediately preceding the first Monday in April. See Michigan Laws 8.3d Annual user costs: means an annual charge levied by a water supplier on users of the waterworks system to pay for each user's share of the cost for operation, maintenance, and replacement of the waterworks system. See Michigan Laws 324.5401 Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense. Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant. Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal. Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization Aquatic invasive plant species: means an aquatic plant species, hybrid, or genotype that is not native and whose introduction causes, or is likely to cause, economic or environmental harm or harm to human health. See Michigan Laws 324.41401 Aquatic nuisance: means an organism that lives or propagates, or both, within the aquatic environment and that impairs the use or enjoyment of the waters of the state, including the intermediate aquatic hosts for schistosomes that cause swimmer's itch. See Michigan Laws 324.3301 Aquatic nuisance species: means a nonindigenous species that threatens the diversity or abundance of native species or the ecological stability of infested waters, or commercial, agricultural, aquacultural, or recreational activities dependent on such waters. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Armory: means a building, facility, or the lots and grounds used by an army, navy, or air unit of the national guard or organized militia as a home station or for military training. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Arraignment: A proceeding in which an individual who is accused of committing a crime is brought into court, told of the charges, and asked to plead guilty or not guilty. Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority. Art: means an original, visual creation of quality executed in any size or shape, in any media, using any kind or combination of materials. See Michigan Laws 18.71 As-extracted collateral: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) Oil, gas, or other minerals that are subject to a security interest that is created by a debtor having an interest in the minerals before extraction and attaches to the minerals as extracted. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Asset management program: means the program that identifies the desired level of service at the lowest life cycle cost for rehabilitating, repairing, or replacing the assets associated with a municipality's wastewater or storm water system. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account. Assistance: means 1 or more of the following activities to the extent authorized by the federal water pollution control act:
(i) Provision of loans to municipalities for construction of sewage treatment works projects, stormwater management projects, or nonpoint source projects. See Michigan Laws 324.5301Assistance: means 1 or more of the following activities to the extent authorized by the federal safe drinking water act:
(i) Provision of loans for the planning, design, and construction or alteration of waterworks systems. See Michigan Laws 324.5401Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court. Authority: means the Michigan municipal bond authority created in section 4 of the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Authority: means the Michigan municipal bond authority created in the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Authority: means the Michigan municipal bond authority created in the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 324.5401 Authorized account: means a deposit account of a customer in a bank designated by the customer as a source of payment of payment orders issued by the customer to the bank. See Michigan Laws 440.4605 Bailee: means a person that by a warehouse receipt, bill of lading, or other document of title acknowledges possession of goods and contracts to deliver them. See Michigan Laws 440.7102 Ballast water: means water and associated solids taken on board a vessel to control or maintain trim, draft, stability, or stresses on the vessel, without regard to the manner in which it is carried. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Ballast water treatment method: means a method of treating ballast water and sediments to remove or destroy living biological organisms through 1 or more of the following:
(i) Filtration. See Michigan Laws 324.3101Bank: means a person engaged in the business of banking, including a saving bank, saving and loan association, credit union, or trust company. See Michigan Laws 440.4105 Bank: means a person engaged in the business of banking and includes a savings bank, savings and loan association, credit union, and trust company. See Michigan Laws 440.4605 Bank: means an organization that is engaged in the business of banking. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Bearer: means a person in control of a negotiable electronic document of title or a person in possession of an instrument, a negotiable tangible document of title, or a certificated security payable to bearer or indorsed in blank. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. Source: OCC Beneficiary: means the person to be paid by the beneficiary's bank. See Michigan Laws 440.4603 Bequest: Property gifted by will. Bill of lading: means a document of title evidencing the receipt of goods for shipment issued by a person engaged in the business of directly or indirectly transporting or forwarding goods. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Block: means block as that term is used by the United States department of commerce, bureau of the census in conducting the 2010 decennial census. See Michigan Laws 3.55 Board: means the department of state. See Michigan Laws 3.161 Borrower: means either of the following:
(i) The city, village, township, or county operating under this act. See Michigan Laws 125.651Branch: includes a separately incorporated foreign branch of a bank. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Business activity: means that term as defined in section 3(2) of the former single business tax act, 1975 PA 228, or in section 105 of the Michigan business tax act, 2007 PA 36, MCL 208. See Michigan Laws 125.651 Buyer in ordinary course of business: means a person that buys goods in good faith, without knowledge that the sale violates the rights of another person in the goods, and in the ordinary course from a person, other than a pawnbroker, in the business of selling goods of that kind. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Capitalization grant: means the federal grant made to this state by the United States Environmental Protection Agency for the purpose of establishing a state water pollution control revolving fund, as provided in title VI of the federal water pollution control act, 33 USC 1381 to 1389. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Carrier: means a person that issues a bill of lading. See Michigan Laws 440.7102 Cash proceeds: means proceeds that are money, checks, deposit accounts, or the like. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Certificate of coverage: means written authorization from the department to implement a project under a general permit. See Michigan Laws 324.3301 Certificate of title: means a certificate of title with respect to which a statute provides for the security interest in question to be indicated on the certificate as a condition or result of the security interest's obtaining priority over the rights of a lien creditor with respect to the collateral. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Chattel paper: means a record or records that evidence both a monetary obligation and a security interest in specific goods, a security interest in specific goods and software used in the goods, a security interest in specific goods and license of software used in the goods, a lease of specific goods, or a lease of specific goods and license of software used in the goods. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 citation: means a complaint or notice upon which a police officer shall record an occurrence involving 1 or more vehicle law violations by the person cited. See Michigan Laws 257.727c Clerk: means the clerk of a township elected under chapter XVI of Act No. See Michigan Laws 41.1b Collateral: means the property subject to a security interest or agricultural lien. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Commander-in-chief: means the governor of this state. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Commission: means the housing commission created under this act. See Michigan Laws 125.651 Commission: means the commission of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Committee: means the committee on art in public places. See Michigan Laws 18.71 Commodity account: means an account maintained by a commodity intermediary in which a commodity contract is carried for a commodity customer. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Commodity contract: means a commodity futures contract, an option on a commodity futures contract, a commodity option, or another contract if the contract or option is 1 of the following:
(i) Traded on or subject to the rules of a board of trade that has been designated as a contract market for such a contract pursuant to federal commodities laws. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Commodity customer: means a person for which a commodity intermediary carries a commodity contract on its books. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Commodity intermediary: means 1 of the following:
(i) A person that is registered as a futures commission merchant under federal commodities law. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action. Communicate: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) To send a written or other tangible record. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Community water supply: means a public water supply that provides year-round service to not less than 15 living units or that regularly provides year-round service to not less than 25 residents. See Michigan Laws 324.5401 Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant. Concurrent resolution: A legislative measure, designated "S. Con. Res." and numbered consecutively upon introduction, generally employed to address the sentiments of both chambers, to deal with issues or matters affecting both houses, such as a concurrent budget resolution, or to create a temporary joint committee. Concurrent resolutions are not submitted to the President/Governor and thus do not have the force of law. Consignee: means a merchant to which goods are delivered in a consignment. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Consignor: means a person that delivers goods to a consignee in a consignment. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Construction activities: means an action undertaken to plan, design, or build sewage treatment works projects, stormwater management projects, or nonpoint source projects. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Construction activities: means any actions undertaken in the planning, designing, or building of a waterworks system. See Michigan Laws 324.5401 Consumer: means an individual who enters into a transaction primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Consumer goods: means goods that are used or bought for use primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Continuation statement: means an amendment of a financing statement which identifies, by its file number, the initial financing statement to which it relates and indicates that it is a continuation statement for, or that it is filed to continue the effectiveness of, the identified financing statement. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed. Controlled substance: means that term as defined in section 7104 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Conventional gravity sewer extension: means the installation of a new gravity sewer and connection to an existing collection system to provide sewer service to new areas previously not served by the public sewer system. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 Convicted: means 1 of the following:
(i) Having a judgment of conviction or a probation order entered in any court having jurisdiction over criminal offenses, including, but not limited to, a tribal court or a military court. See Michigan Laws 28.722Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant. Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name. Creditor: includes a general creditor, a secured creditor, a lien creditor, and any representative of creditors, including an assignee for the benefit of creditors, a trustee in bankruptcy, a receiver in equity, and an executor or administrator of an insolvent debtor's or assignor's estate. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Custodial authority: means 1 or more of the following apply:
(i) The actor was a member of the same household as the victim. See Michigan Laws 28.722Customer: means any person having an account with a bank or for whom a bank has agreed to collect items, including a bank that maintains an account at another bank. See Michigan Laws 440.4104 Customer: means a person, including a bank, having an account with a bank or from whom a bank has agreed to receive payment orders. See Michigan Laws 440.4605 Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries. damages: means the fair market value on the stump or at the mill, whichever is greater of a forest product cut or removed, or the fair and actual value of any other property removed or damaged in trespass, plus any other damages caused before, during, or after the cutting or removal. See Michigan Laws 324.2155 Debtor: means 1 of the following:
(i) A person having an interest, other than a security interest or other lien, in the collateral, whether or not the person is an obligor. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Decedent: A deceased person. Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another. Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime. Delivery: means either of the following:
(i) With respect to an electronic document of title, a voluntary transfer of control. See Michigan Laws 440.1201Delivery order: means a record that contains an order to deliver goods directed to a warehouseman, carrier, or other person that in the ordinary course of business issues warehouse receipts or bills of lading. See Michigan Laws 440.7102 Department: means the department of environmental quality. See Michigan Laws 324.3301 Department: means the department of environmental quality. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Department: means the department of environment, Great Lakes, and energy or its authorized agent or representative. See Michigan Laws 324.5402 Department: means the department of management and budget. See Michigan Laws 18.71 Department: means the department of environmental quality. See Michigan Laws 324.41401 Department: means the department of state police. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Department: means the director of the department of natural resources or his or her designee to whom the director delegates a power or duty by written instrument. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Department of natural resources: means the principal state department created in section 501. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another. Deposit account: means a demand, time, savings, passbook, or similar account maintained with a bank. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Detroit consumer price index: means the most comprehensive index of consumer prices available for the Detroit area from the United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Devise: To gift property by will. Director: means the director of the department. See Michigan Laws 324.3301 Director: means the director of the department or his or her designated representative. See Michigan Laws 324.5402 Director: means the director of the department of management and budget or the designated representative of the director. See Michigan Laws 18.71 Director: means the director of the department of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial. Document: means a document of title or a receipt of the type described in section 7201(2). See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Document of title: means a record that in the regular course of business or financing is treated as adequately evidencing that the person in possession or control of the record is entitled to receive, control, hold, and dispose of the record and the goods the record covers and that purports to be issued by or addressed to a bailee and to cover goods in the bailee's possession which are either identified or are fungible portions of an identified mass. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Documentary draft: means a draft to be presented for acceptance or payment if specified documents, certificated securities as defined in section 8102 or instructions for uncertificated securities as defined in section 8102, or other certificates, statements, or the like are to be received by the drawee or other payor before acceptance or payment of the draft. See Michigan Laws 440.4104 Donor: The person who makes a gift. Draft: means a draft as defined in section 3104 or an item, other than an instrument, that is an order. See Michigan Laws 440.4104 Drawee: means a person ordered in a draft to make payment. See Michigan Laws 440.4104 Electronic chattel paper: means chattel paper evidenced by a record or records consisting of information stored in an electronic medium. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Electronic document of title: means a document of title evidenced by a record consisting of information stored in an electronic medium. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Eligible applicant: means a person that meets the requirements under section 41402. See Michigan Laws 324.41401 Eligible project: means a project that meets the requirements under section 41402. See Michigan Laws 324.41401 Emergency management coordinator: means that term as defined in section 2 of the emergency management act, 1976 PA 390, MCL 30. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Employee: means an individual who is self-employed or works for any other entity as a full-time or part-time employee, contractual provider, or volunteer, regardless of whether he or she is financially compensated. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Encumbrance: means a right, other than an ownership interest, in real property. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs. Equipment: means goods other than inventory, farm products, or consumer goods. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. Source: U.S. Courts Escheat: Reversion of real or personal property to the state when 1) a person dies without leaving a will and has no heirs, or 2) when the property (such as a bank account) has been inactive for a certain period of time. Source: OCC Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met. Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other. Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office. Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent Expedited review: means an expedited review of an application for a construction permit under section 4112. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller. Farm products: means goods, other than standing timber, with respect to which the debtor is engaged in a farming operation and which are 1 of the following:
(i) Crops grown, growing, or to be grown, including crops produced on trees, vines, and bushes, and aquatic goods produced in aquacultural operations. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Fault: means a default, breach, or wrongful act or omission. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Federal Reserve System: The central bank of the United States. The Fed, as it is commonly called, regulates the U.S. monetary and financial system. The Federal Reserve System is composed of a central governmental agency in Washington, D.C. (the Board of Governors) and twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks in major cities throughout the United States. Source: OCC Federal safe drinking water act: means the safe drinking water act, 42 USC 300f to 300j-25, and the rules promulgated under that act. See Michigan Laws 324.5402 Federal water pollution control act: means 33 USC 1251 to 1389. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Felony: means that term as defined in section 1 of chapter I of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 174, MCL 761. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator. File number: means the number assigned to an initial financing statement pursuant to section 9519(1). See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Filing office: means an office designated in section 9501 as the place to file a financing statement. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Filing-office rule: means a rule adopted pursuant to section 9526. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Financing statement: means a record or records composed of an initial financing statement and any filed record relating to the initial financing statement. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 firearm: except as otherwise specifically defined in statute, includes any weapon which will, is designed to, or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by action of an explosive. See Michigan Laws 8.3t Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006. Fixture filing: means the filing of a financing statement covering goods that are or are to become fixtures and satisfying section 9502(1) and (2). See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Fixtures: means goods that have become so related to particular real property that an interest in them arises under real property law. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. Source: OCC Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another. Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. Source: OCC Fund: means the infrastructure construction fund created in section 4113. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 Fund: means the strategic water quality initiatives fund created in section 5204. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Fund: means the state water pollution control revolving fund established under section 16a of the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Fund: means the state drinking water revolving fund established under section 16b of the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 324.5402 Fund: means the state art in public places fund. See Michigan Laws 18.71 Fund: means the inland lake aquatic invasive plant species control and eradication fund created in section 41403. See Michigan Laws 324.41401 Fundable range: means those projects, taken in descending order on the priority lists, for which sufficient funds are estimated by the department to exist to provide assistance at the beginning of each annual funding cycle. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Fundable range: means those projects, taken in descending order on the priority list, for which the department estimates sufficient funds exist to provide assistance during each annual funding cycle. See Michigan Laws 324.5402 Funds transfer: means the series of transactions, beginning with the originator's payment order, made for the purpose of making payment to the beneficiary of the order. See Michigan Laws 440.4604 Funds-transfer system: means a wire transfer network, automated clearinghouse, or other communication system of a clearinghouse or other association of banks through which a payment order by a bank may be transmitted to the bank to which the order is addressed. See Michigan Laws 440.4605 Game: has the meaning given that term in part 401. See Michigan Laws 324.43504 Game and fish protection account: means the game and fish protection account of the Michigan conservation and recreation legacy fund provided for in section 2010. See Michigan Laws 324.43504 Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor General intangible: means any personal property, including things in action, other than accounts, chattel paper, commercial tort claims, deposit accounts, documents, goods, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, letters of credit, money, and oil, gas, or other minerals before extraction. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 General permit: means a permit for a category of activities that the department determines will not negatively impact human health and will have no more than minimal short-term adverse impacts on the natural resources and environment. See Michigan Laws 324.3302 Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value. Good faith: except as otherwise provided in article 5, means honesty in fact and the observance of reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Goods: means all things that are movable when a security interest attaches. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Goods: means all things that are treated as movable for the purposes of a contract for storage or transportation. See Michigan Laws 440.7102 Governing body: means in the case of a city, the council or commission of the city; in the case of a village, the council, commission, or board of trustees of the village; in the case of a township, the township board; and in the case of a county, the board of supervisors or county commissioners. See Michigan Laws 125.651 Grace period: The number of days you'll have to pay your bill for purchases in full without triggering a finance charge. Source: Federal Reserve Grant: means a grant from the grant program. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Grant: means an inland lake aquatic invasive plant species control or eradication grant issued through the program. See Michigan Laws 324.41401 Grant program: means the strategic water quality initiatives grant program established under this part. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Great Lakes: means the Great Lakes and their connecting waters, including Lake St. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs. Health-care-insurance receivable: means an interest in or claim under a policy of insurance which is a right to payment of a monetary obligation for health-care goods or services provided. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Holder: means any of the following:
(i) A person in possession of a negotiable instrument that is payable either to bearer or to an identified person that is the person in possession. See Michigan Laws 440.1201Impeachment: (1) The process of calling something into question, as in "impeaching the testimony of a witness." (2) The constitutional process whereby the House of Representatives may "impeach" (accuse of misconduct) high officers of the federal government for trial in the Senate. in writing: shall be construed to include printing, engraving, and lithographing; except that if the written signature of a person is required by law, the signature shall be the proper handwriting of the person or, if the person is unable to write, the person's proper mark, which may be, unless otherwise expressly prohibited by law, a clear and classifiable fingerprint of the person made with ink or another substance. See Michigan Laws 8.3q Incorporating unit: means the city, village, township, or county that creates a commission. See Michigan Laws 125.651 Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. Source: FDIC Indigent: means an individual to whom 1 or more of the following apply:
(i) He or she has been found by a court to be indigent within the last 6 months. See Michigan Laws 28.722Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury. Institution of higher education: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) A public or private community college, college, or university. See Michigan Laws 28.722Instrument: means a negotiable instrument or any other writing that evidences a right to the payment of a monetary obligation, is not itself a security agreement or lease, and is of a type that in ordinary course of business is transferred by delivery with any necessary indorsement or assignment. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. Source: OCC Intermediary bank: means a receiving bank other than the originator's bank or the beneficiary's bank. See Michigan Laws 440.4604 Inventory: means goods, other than farm products, that meet 1 of the following:
(i) Are leased by a person as lessor. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Investment property: means a security, whether certificated or uncertificated, security entitlement, securities account, commodity contract, or commodity account. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Issuer: means a bailee that issues a document of title or, in the case of an unaccepted delivery order, the person that orders the possessor of goods to deliver. See Michigan Laws 440.7102 Item: means an instrument or a promise or order to pay money handled by a bank for collection or pay. See Michigan Laws 440.4104 Jurisdiction: means , except as otherwise provided in section 3, other states of the United States, the District of Columbia, territories and possessions of the United States, foreign countries, or political subdivisions of foreign countries. See Michigan Laws 3.161 Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases. Lake management plan: means a document that contains all of the following:
(i) A description of the physical, chemical, and biological attributes of a waterbody. See Michigan Laws 324.3302land disposal wastewater management program: means the program developed in the United States army corps of engineers southeastern Michigan survey scope wastewater management study, as authorized by section 102 of title I of the federal water pollution control act, chapter 758, 86 Stat. See Michigan Laws 324.5101 Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). Source: OCC Legacy: A gift of property made by will. Legal tender: coins, dollar bills, or other currency issued by a government as official money. Source: U.S. Mint Letter-of-credit right: means a right to payment or performance under a letter of credit, whether or not the beneficiary has demanded or is at the time entitled to demand payment or performance. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity. license: means a license issued by the department to operate a game bird hunting preserve. See Michigan Laws 324.41701 License: means a game breeder's license issued pursuant to this part. See Michigan Laws 324.42701 Licensed professional engineer: means a professional engineer licensed under article 20 of the occupational code, 1980 PA 299, MCL 339. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt. Lien creditor: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) A creditor that has acquired a lien on the property involved by attachment, levy, or the like. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Line of duty: as used in this act means an act performed by a member of the state military establishment in obedience to or in conformity with a law, rule, regulation, order, command or custom of the military service or an act performed which is not in violation of a law, rule, regulation, order, command or custom of the military service, or that will not bring discredit to the military service. See Michigan Laws 32.521 Listed offense: means a tier I, tier II, or tier III offense. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants. Loan: means a loan from the loan program. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Loan program: means the strategic water quality initiatives loan program established under section 5202. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Local health department: means that term as defined in section 1105 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Local law enforcement agency: means the police department of a municipality. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Local unit: means a county, city, village, or township or an agency or instrumentality of any of these entities. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 local unit: means a municipality or county. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Manufactured home: means a structure, transportable in 1 or more sections, which, in the traveling mode, is 8 body feet or more in width or 40 body feet or more in length, or when erected on site, is 320 or more square feet, and which is built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling with or without a permanent foundation when connected to the required utilities, and includes the plumbing, heating, air-conditioning, and electrical systems contained therein. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Manufactured-home transaction: means a secured transaction that creates a purchase-money security interest in a manufactured home, other than a manufactured home held as inventory, or in which a manufactured home, other than a manufactured home held as inventory, is the primary collateral. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 martial rule: means the exercise of partial or complete military control over domestic territory in time of emergency because of public necessity. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Michigan conservation and recreation legacy fund: means the Michigan conservation and recreation legacy fund established in section 40 of article IX of the state constitution of 1963 and provided for in section 2002. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Michigan national guard: means the army national guard and the air national guard. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Military: means a reference to all components of the state military establishment. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Military establishment: means the organized militia of this state, including the employees and equipment assigned or necessary to carry out the provisions of this act. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Minor: means a victim of a listed offense who was less than 18 years of age at the time the offense was committed. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Money: means a medium of exchange authorized or adopted by a domestic or foreign government. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 month: means a calendar month; the word "year" a calendar year; and the word "year" alone shall be equivalent to the words "year of our Lord". See Michigan Laws 8.3j Mortgage: means a consensual interest in real property, including fixtures, which secures payment or performance of an obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan. Municipality: means this state, a county, city, village, or township, or an agency or instrumentality of any of these entities. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Municipality: means that term as it is defined in section 5301. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Municipality: means a city, village, county, township, authority, or other public body, including either of the following:
(i) An intermunicipal agency of 2 or more municipalities, authorized or created under state law. See Michigan Laws 324.5301Municipality: means a city, village, county, township, authority, public school district, or other public body with taxing authority, including an intermunicipal agency of 2 or more municipalities, authorized or created under state law. See Michigan Laws 324.5402 Municipality: means a city, village, or township. See Michigan Laws 324.301 National response center: means the National Communications Center established under the clean water act, 33 USC 1251 to 1387, located in Washington, DC, that receives and relays notice of oil discharge or releases of hazardous substances to appropriate federal officials. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 New debtor: means a person that becomes bound as debtor under section 9203(4) by a security agreement previously entered into by another person. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 New value: means money, money's worth in property, services, or new credit, or release by a transferee of an interest in property previously transferred to the transferee. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Noncommunity water supply: means a public water supply that is not a community water supply, but that has not less than 15 service connections or that serves not less than 25 individuals on an average daily basis for not less than 60 days per year. See Michigan Laws 324.5402 Nonoceangoing vessel: means a vessel that is not an oceangoing vessel. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Nonpoint source project: means construction activities designed to reduce nonpoint source pollution consistent with the state nonpoint source management plan under section 319 of the federal water pollution control act, 33 USC 1329. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Oath: A promise to tell the truth. oath: shall be construed to include the word "affirmation" in all cases where by law an affirmation may be substituted for an oath; and in like cases the word "sworn" shall be construed to include the word "affirmed". See Michigan Laws 8.3k Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period. Oceangoing vessel: means a vessel that operates on the Great Lakes or the St. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Officer: means a supervisor, treasurer, clerk, or trustee. See Michigan Laws 41.1b Officer: means a commissioned officer and a warrant officer, unless a distinction between commissioned officer and warrant officer is clearly evident. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Oral argument: An opportunity for lawyers to summarize their position before the court and also to answer the judges' questions. Ordinance: means either of the following:
(i) An ordinance of a city, village, township, or county. See Michigan Laws 125.651Organization: means a person other than an individual. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Original debtor: means , except as used in section 9310(3), a person that, as debtor, entered into a security agreement to which a new debtor has become bound under section 9203(4). See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Originator: means the sender of the first payment order in a funds transfer. See Michigan Laws 440.4604 Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program. Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses. Payment intangible: means a general intangible under which the account debtor's principal obligation is a monetary obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Payment order: means an instruction of a sender to a receiving bank, transmitted orally, electronically, or in writing, to pay, or to cause another bank to pay, a fixed or determinable amount of money to a beneficiary if the following apply:
(i) The instruction does not state a condition to payment to the beneficiary other than time of payment. See Michigan Laws 440.4603Payor bank: means a bank that is the drawee of a draft. See Michigan Laws 440.4105 Person: means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, government, governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality, public corporation, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Person: means any individual, firm, partnership, association, and corporation. See Michigan Laws 3.161 person: may extend and be applied to bodies politic and corporate, as well as to individuals. See Michigan Laws 8.3l Person: means an individual, partnership, corporation, association, governmental entity, or other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Personal property: All property that is not real property. Plans and specifications: means a true description or representation of the entire sewerage system and parts of a system as the sewerage system exists or is to be constructed, and also a full and fair statement of how the system is to be operated. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer. Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. Source: OCC Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way. Presentence report: A report prepared by a court's probation officer, after a person has been convicted of an offense, summarizing for the court the background information needed to determine the appropriate sentence. Source: U.S. Courts Presenting bank: means a bank presenting an item except a payor bank. See Michigan Laws 440.4105 President pro tempore: A constitutionally recognized officer of the Senate who presides over the chamber in the absence of the Vice President. The President Pro Tempore (or, "president for a time") is elected by the Senate and is, by custom, the Senator of the majority party with the longest record of continuous service. Primary public safety answering point: means that term as defined in section 102 of the emergency telephone service enabling act, 1986 PA 32, MCL 484. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Priority list: means the annual ranked listing of projects developed by the department in section 5303. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Priority list: means the annual ranked listing of projects developed by the department in section 5406. See Michigan Laws 324.5403 private enterprise: means a business which provides goods or services and which is not a governmental entity. See Michigan Laws 17.51 Probate: Proving a will Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed. Proceeds: means , except as used in section 9609(2), 1 or more of the following property:
(i) Whatever is acquired upon the sale, lease, license, exchange, or other disposition of collateral. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Program: means the inland lake aquatic invasive plant species control and eradication program established in section 41402. See Michigan Laws 324.41401 Project: means a proposal to install within 1 general area a new wastewater collection system. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 Project: means a sewage treatment works project, stormwater management project, or nonpoint source project, or a combination of these and may include utilization of more efficient energy and resources as described in any of the following:
(i) The cost-effective governmental energy use act, 2012 PA 625, MCL 18. See Michigan Laws 324.5301Project: means a project related to the planning, design, and construction or alteration of a waterworks system and may include utilization of more efficient energy and resources as described in any of the following:
(i) The cost-effective governmental energy use act, 2012 PA 625, MCL 18. See Michigan Laws 324.5403Promissory note: means an instrument that evidences a promise to pay a monetary obligation, does not evidence an order to pay, and does not contain an acknowledgment by a bank that the bank has received for deposit a sum of money or funds. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government. Public domain: means all land owned by this state or land deeded to this state under state law. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide. Public organic record: means a record that is available to the public for inspection and is any of the following:
(i) A record consisting of the record initially filed with or issued by a state or the United States to form or organize an organization and any record filed with or issued by the state or the United States which amends or restates the initial record. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Public water supply: means a waterworks system that provides water for drinking or household purposes to persons other than the water supplier, except for those waterworks systems that supply water to only 1 house, apartment, or other domicile occupied or intended to be occupied on a day-to-day basis by an individual, family group, or equivalent. See Michigan Laws 324.5403 Purchase: means taking by sale, lease, discount, negotiation, mortgage, pledge, lien, security interest, issue or reissue, gift, or any other voluntary transaction creating an interest in property. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Purchaser: means a person that takes by purchase. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business. Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land. Receiving bank: means the bank to which the sender's instruction is addressed. See Michigan Laws 440.4603 Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Michigan Laws 440.7102 record owner: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or which is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Registered organization: means an organization organized solely under the law of a single state or the United States by the filing of a public organic record with, the issuance of a public organic record by, or the enactment of legislation by the state or the United States. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Registering authority: means the local law enforcement agency or sheriff's office having jurisdiction over the individual's residence, place of employment, or institution of higher learning, or the nearest department post designated to receive or enter sex offender registration information within a registration jurisdiction. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Registration jurisdiction: means each of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, the United States Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and the Indian tribes within the United States that elect to function as a registration jurisdiction. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant. Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings. Representative: means a person empowered to act for another, including an agent, an officer of a corporation or association, and a trustee, executor, or administrator of an estate. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation. Residence: as used in this act , for registration and voting purposes means that place at which a person habitually sleeps, keeps his or her personal effects, and has a regular place of lodging. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action. Right: includes remedy. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Rule: means a rule promulgated pursuant to the administrative procedures act of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24. See Michigan Laws 324.301 seal: shall be construed to include any of the following:
(a) The impression of the seal on the paper alone. See Michigan Laws 8.3nSecured party: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) A person in whose favor a security interest is created or provided for under a security agreement, whether or not any obligation to be secured is outstanding. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Security agreement: means an agreement that creates or provides for a security interest. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Security interest: means an interest in personal property or fixtures which secures payment or performance of an obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Sediments: means any matter settled out of ballast water within a vessel. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Sender: means the person giving the instruction to the receiving bank. See Michigan Laws 440.4603 Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party. Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims. Sewage sludge: means sewage sludge generated in the treatment of domestic sewage, other than only septage or industrial waste. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Sewage sludge derivative: means a product for land application derived from sewage sludge that does not include solid waste or other waste regulated under this act. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Sewage sludge distributor: means a person who applies, markets, or distributes, except at retail, a sewage sludge derivative. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Sewage sludge generator: means a person who generates sewage sludge that is applied to land. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Sewage treatment works project: means construction activities on any device or system for the treatment, storage, collection, conveyance, recycling, or reclamation of the sewage of a municipality, including combined sewer overflow correction and major rehabilitation of sewers. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Sewerage system: means a system of pipes and structures including pipes, channels, conduits, manholes, pumping stations, sewage or waste treatment works, diversion and regulatory devices, outfall structures, and appurtenances, collectively or severally, actually used or intended for use by the public for the purpose of collecting, conveying, transporting, treating, or otherwise handling sanitary sewage or other industrial liquid wastes that are capable of adversely affecting the public health. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 shall not apply: means that the pertinent provision is not operative as to certain persons or things or in conjunction with a particular date or dates. See Michigan Laws 8.4c Signed: includes any symbol executed or adopted by a party with present intention to adopt or accept a writing. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Simple pumping station and force main: means the installation of a duplex pumping station and a force main with only 1 high point and of length of no more than 2,000 feet that is to be connected to an existing gravity collection system to provide sewer service to new areas previously not served by the public sewer system. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 Small diameter pressure sewer and grinder pumping station: means a single project that includes the installation of new pressure sewers totaling not more than 5,000 feet and not more than 25 grinder pumping stations with each grinder pumping station serving not more than 5 separate owners and that is to be connected to an existing gravity collection system to provide sewer service to new areas previously not served by the public sewer system. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 Special duty: means military service in support of the full-time operation of the state military establishment for a period of not less than 1 day if ordered by competent authority. See Michigan Laws 32.505 State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 state: when applied to the different parts of the United States, shall be construed to extend to and include the District of Columbia and the several territories belonging to the United States; and the words "United States" shall be construed to include the district and territories. See Michigan Laws 8.3o State agency: means a department, board, commission, office, agency, authority, or other unit of state government. See Michigan Laws 2.161 State water pollution control revolving fund: means the state water pollution control revolving fund established under section 16a of the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Statute: A law passed by a legislature. Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights. Statutes at large: A chronological listing of the laws enacted each Congress. They are published in volumes numbered by Congress. Stock: means game. See Michigan Laws 324.42701 Stormwater management project: means construction activities of a municipality on any device or system for the treatment, storage, recycling, or reclamation of storm water that is conveyed by a storm sewer that is separate from a sanitary sewer. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Student: means an individual enrolled on a full- or part-time basis in a public or private educational institution, including, but not limited to, a secondary school, trade school, professional institution, or institution of higher education. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system. Supervisor: means the supervisor of a township elected under chapter XVI of the Michigan election law, Act No. See Michigan Laws 41.1b supplier: means a municipality or its designated representative accepted by the director, a legal business entity, or any other person that owns a public water supply. See Michigan Laws 324.5403 Supporting obligation: means a letter-of-credit right or secondary obligation that supports the payment or performance of an account, chattel paper, a document, a general intangible, an instrument, or investment property. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 system: means a system of pipes and structures through which water is obtained or distributed and includes any of the following that are actually used or intended to be used for the purpose of furnishing water for drinking or household purposes:
(i) Wells and well structures. See Michigan Laws 324.5403Tangible chattel paper: means chattel paper evidenced by a record or records consisting of information that is inscribed on a tangible medium. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Tangible document of title: means a document of title evidenced by a record consisting of information that is inscribed on a tangible medium. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Term: means a portion of an agreement that relates to a particular matter. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Termination statement: means an amendment of a financing statement that identifies, by its file number, the initial financing statement to which it relates and indicates either that it is a termination statement or that the identified financing statement is no longer effective. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 termination statement: as used in this act mean those terms as defined in the uniform commercial code, 1962 PA 174, MCL 440. See Michigan Laws 257.58b Testator: A male person who leaves a will at death. Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries. Threshold reporting quantity: means that term as defined in R 324. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident. Township: means a township having a population over 100. See Michigan Laws 125.651 Township board: means the township board of a township constituted as provided in section 70. See Michigan Laws 41.1b Tract: means tract as that term is used by the United States department of commerce, bureau of the census in conducting the 2010 decennial census. See Michigan Laws 3.55 Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition. Transmitting utility: means a person primarily engaged in the business of 1 of the following:
(i) Operating a railroad, subway, street railway, or trolley bus. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Treasurer: means the treasurer of a township elected under chapter XVI of Act No. See Michigan Laws 41.1b Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence. Trustee: means a trustee of a township elected under chapter XVI of Act No. See Michigan Laws 41.1b Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust. Unauthorized signature: means a signature made without actual, implied, or apparent authority. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. Source: OCC Unit of local government: means a political subdivision of this state, including school districts, community college districts, intermediate school districts, public school academies, cities, villages, townships, counties, and authorities, if the political subdivision has as its primary purpose the providing of local governmental service for citizens in a geographically limited area of the state and has the power to act primarily on behalf of that area. See Michigan Laws 2.161 United States: shall be construed to include the district and territories. See Michigan Laws 8.3o Vehicle: means that term as defined in section 79 of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried. Vital resource: means a public or private building, facility, property, or location that the governor considers necessary to protect the public health, safety, and welfare of the citizens of this state. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Voice vote: A vote in which the Presiding Officer states the question, then asks those in favor and against to say "Yea" or "Nay," respectively, and announces the result according to his or her judgment. The names or numbers of legisators voting on each side are not recorded. Warehouse: means a person engaged in the business of storing goods for hire. See Michigan Laws 440.7102 Warehouse receipt: means a document of title issued by a person engaged in the business of storing goods for hire. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 waterbody: means groundwaters, lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, and wetlands and all other watercourses and waters within the jurisdiction of this state including the Great Lakes bordering this state. See Michigan Laws 324.3302 Waters of the state: means groundwaters, lakes, rivers, and streams and all other watercourses and waters, including the Great Lakes, within the jurisdiction of this state. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Wetland mitigation bank: means a site where wetlands are restored, created, or preserved for the purpose of doing both of the following:
(i) To provide compensatory mitigation in accordance with the provisions of part 303, in advance of authorized, unavoidable impacts to wetlands. See Michigan Laws 324.5201Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act. writing: includes printing, typewriting, or any other intentional reduction to tangible form. See Michigan Laws 440.1201