Terms Used In Michigan Laws > Chapter 41 > Act 246 of 1945 - Township Ordinances

• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Art dealer: means a person engaged in the business of selling works of fine art, other than a person exclusively engaged in the business of selling goods at public auction. See Michigan Laws 442.311
• Art merchant: means a person who deals in works of fine art or by his occupation holds himself out as having knowledge or skill peculiar to works of fine art or to whom such knowledge or skill may be attributed by his employment of an agent or broker or other intermediary who by his occupation holds himself out as having such knowledge or skill. See Michigan Laws 442.321
• Artist: means the creator of a work of fine art or, if the creator is deceased, the creator's heirs or personal representatives. See Michigan Laws 442.311
• authorship: refers to the creator of a work of fine art or to the period, culture, source or origin with which the creation of the work is identified in the description of the work. See Michigan Laws 442.321
• Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
• Bona fide purchaser: means a person who in good faith makes a purchase without notice of any outstanding rights of others. See Michigan Laws 442.311
• Chief judge: The judge who has primary responsibility for the administration of a court but also decides cases; chief judges are determined by seniority.
• Civil infraction: means an act or omission that is prohibited by a law and is not a crime under that law or that is prohibited by an ordinance, as defined in section 8701, and is not a crime under that ordinance, and for which civil sanctions may be ordered. See Michigan Laws 600.113
• Civil infraction action: means a civil action in which the defendant is alleged to be responsible for a civil infraction. See Michigan Laws 600.113
• Civil violation: means a violation of a law of this state or a local ordinance, other than a criminal offense or a violation that is defined or designated as a civil infraction, that is punishable by a civil fine or forfeiture under the applicable law or ordinance. See Michigan Laws 600.4801
• Commission: means the fee, compensation, or percentage of actual selling price of a work of fine art, agreed upon by the artist and art dealer, which the art dealer may retain after sale of the artist's work of fine art to a third party. See Michigan Laws 442.311
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Consignor: means a person who delivers or causes to be delivered a work of fine art to an art dealer on consignment. See Michigan Laws 442.311
• Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• Costs: means any monetary amount that the court is authorized to assess and collect for prosecution, adjudication, or processing of criminal offenses, civil infractions, civil violations, and parking violations, including court costs, the cost of prosecution, and the cost of providing court-ordered legal assistance to the defendant. See Michigan Laws 600.4801
• Counterfeit: means a work of fine art made or altered, with intent to deceive, in a manner that it appears to have an authorship which it does not in fact possess. See Michigan Laws 442.321
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• Fee: means any monetary amount, other than costs or a penalty, that the court is authorized to impose and collect pursuant to a conviction, finding of responsibility, or other adjudication of a criminal offense, a civil infraction, a civil violation, or a parking violation, including a driver license reinstatement fee. See Michigan Laws 600.4801
• Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
• Fine art: means an original art or craft work which is: