Michigan Laws > Chapter 49 > R.S. of 1846 – Revised Statutes of 1846
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Terms Used In Michigan Laws > Chapter 49 > R.S. of 1846 - Revised Statutes of 1846
- Accession: means goods that are physically united with other goods in such a manner that the identity of the original goods is not lost. See Michigan Laws 440.9102
- Accessory: means any accessory, equipment, additional part or replacement part for a vehicle for which a certificate of title is required to be issued under this act. See Michigan Laws 257.1a
- Account debtor: means a person obligated on an account, chattel paper, or general intangible. See Michigan Laws 440.9102
- accounting for: means a record that meets all of the following requirements:
(i) Authenticated by a secured party. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Active service: means service, including active state service and special duty required by law, regulation, or pursuant to order of the governor. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote. advisor: means an individual who has entered into a volunteer agreement with the department to serve as a nondeployable advisor in the Michigan cyber civilian corps. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Advisory board: means the Michigan cyber civilian corps advisory board created under section 9. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths. Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court. Agency: means the court or entity in another jurisdiction with functions similar to those assigned in this act to the office of the friend of the court and the office of child support relative to the issuance and enforcement of support orders. See Michigan Laws 552.673 Agricultural lien: means an interest, other than a security interest, in farm products that meets all of the following requirements:
(i) The interest secures payment or performance of an obligation for 1 or more of the following:
(A) Goods or services furnished in connection with a debtor's farming operation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Allegation: something that someone says happened. Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it. Amortization: Paying off a loan by regular installments. Amphibian: means any frog, toad, or salamander of the class Amphibia. See Michigan Laws 324.41301 annual meeting: when applied to townships, mean the annual meeting required by law to be held on the Saturday immediately preceding the first Monday in April. See Michigan Laws 8.3d Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense. Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant. Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal. Appraisal: A determination of property value. Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization Aquatic invasive plant species: means an aquatic plant species, hybrid, or genotype that is not native and whose introduction causes, or is likely to cause, economic or environmental harm or harm to human health. See Michigan Laws 324.41401 Aquatic nuisance species: means a nonindigenous species that threatens the diversity or abundance of native species or the ecological stability of infested waters, or commercial, agricultural, aquacultural, or recreational activities dependent on such waters. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Aquatic plant: means a submergent, emergent, obligate wetland, facultative wetland, or floating-leaf plant or a fragment thereof, including a seed or other propagule. See Michigan Laws 324.41301 Area: means the whole of the state and the whole or any designated portion of any township or townships or county or counties within the state. See Michigan Laws 324.41101 Armory: means a building, facility, or the lots and grounds used by an army, navy, or air unit of the national guard or organized militia as a home station or for military training. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Arraignment: A proceeding in which an individual who is accused of committing a crime is brought into court, told of the charges, and asked to plead guilty or not guilty. Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority. Art: means an original, visual creation of quality executed in any size or shape, in any media, using any kind or combination of materials. See Michigan Laws 18.71 As-extracted collateral: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) Oil, gas, or other minerals that are subject to a security interest that is created by a debtor having an interest in the minerals before extraction and attaches to the minerals as extracted. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Asset management program: means the program that identifies the desired level of service at the lowest life cycle cost for rehabilitating, repairing, or replacing the assets associated with a municipality's wastewater or storm water system. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account. Assistance: means 1 or more of the following activities to the extent authorized by the federal water pollution control act:
(i) Provision of loans to municipalities for construction of sewage treatment works projects, stormwater management projects, or nonpoint source projects. See Michigan Laws 324.5301Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court. Attorney-at-law: A person who is legally qualified and licensed to practice law, and to represent and act for clients in legal proceedings. Authority: means the Michigan municipal bond authority created in section 4 of the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Authority: means the Michigan municipal bond authority created in the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed. Ballast water: means water and associated solids taken on board a vessel to control or maintain trim, draft, stability, or stresses on the vessel, without regard to the manner in which it is carried. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Ballast water treatment method: means a method of treating ballast water and sediments to remove or destroy living biological organisms through 1 or more of the following:
(i) Filtration. See Michigan Laws 324.3101Bank: means an organization that is engaged in the business of banking. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. Source: OCC Bequest: Property gifted by will. Block: means block as that term is used by the United States department of commerce, bureau of the census in conducting the 2010 decennial census. See Michigan Laws 3.55 Board: means the Michigan natural resources trust fund board established in section 1905. See Michigan Laws 324.2130 Buyer in ordinary course of business: means a person that buys goods in good faith, without knowledge that the sale violates the rights of another person in the goods, and in the ordinary course from a person, other than a pawnbroker, in the business of selling goods of that kind. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Capitalization grant: means the federal grant made to this state by the United States Environmental Protection Agency for the purpose of establishing a state water pollution control revolving fund, as provided in title VI of the federal water pollution control act, 33 USC 1381 to 1389. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Cash proceeds: means proceeds that are money, checks, deposit accounts, or the like. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Certificate of title: means a certificate of title with respect to which a statute provides for the security interest in question to be indicated on the certificate as a condition or result of the security interest's obtaining priority over the rights of a lien creditor with respect to the collateral. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Chattel paper: means a record or records that evidence both a monetary obligation and a security interest in specific goods, a security interest in specific goods and software used in the goods, a security interest in specific goods and license of software used in the goods, a lease of specific goods, or a lease of specific goods and license of software used in the goods. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Chief information officer: means the individual within the department designated by the governor as the chief information officer for this state. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Child: means a child, whether above or below the age of majority, with respect to whom a support order exists. See Michigan Laws 552.673 Child: means an individual, whether over or under the age of majority, who is or is alleged to be owed a duty of support by the individual's parent or who is or is alleged to be the beneficiary of a support order directed to the parent. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Child-support order: means a support order for a child, including a child who has attained the age of majority under the law of the issuing state or foreign country. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 citation: means a complaint or notice upon which a police officer shall record an occurrence involving 1 or more vehicle law violations by the person cited. See Michigan Laws 257.727c Claimant: means a victim or intervenor who is injured, or any other person eligible for an award under section 4(1) or 5(1), who files a claim under this act. See Michigan Laws 18.351 Clean air act: means chapter 360, 69 Stat 322, 42 USC 7401 to 7671q, and regulations promulgated under the clean air act. See Michigan Laws 324.5501 Clerk: means the clerk of a township elected under chapter XVI of Act No. See Michigan Laws 41.1b Client: means a municipal, educational, nonprofit, or critical infrastructure organization that has requested and is using the rapid response assistance of the Michigan cyber civilian corps under the direction of the department. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Collateral: means the property subject to a security interest or agricultural lien. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Collecting sewers: means lateral, branch, submain, and trunk sewers consisting of pipes or conduits including pumps, lift stations, force mains, and other appurtenances necessary for a system to prevent or eliminate discharges of raw or inadequately treated sewage of human origin into any waters of the state. See Michigan Laws 324.4901 Commander-in-chief: means the governor of this state. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Commercial purposes: means offering for sale, selling, giving, or furnishing to others. See Michigan Laws 324.48728 Commission: means the Michigan commission on law enforcement standards created in this act or, by express delegation of the Michigan commission on law enforcement standards, its executive director and staff. See Michigan Laws 28.602 Commission: means the Hispanic/Latino commission of Michigan created in section 2. See Michigan Laws 18.301 Commission: means the crime victim services commission. See Michigan Laws 18.351 Commission: means the commission of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Committee: means the committee on art in public places. See Michigan Laws 18.71 Commodity account: means an account maintained by a commodity intermediary in which a commodity contract is carried for a commodity customer. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Commodity contract: means a commodity futures contract, an option on a commodity futures contract, a commodity option, or another contract if the contract or option is 1 of the following:
(i) Traded on or subject to the rules of a board of trade that has been designated as a contract market for such a contract pursuant to federal commodities laws. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Commodity intermediary: means 1 of the following:
(i) A person that is registered as a futures commission merchant under federal commodities law. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action. Communicate: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) To send a written or other tangible record. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant. Concurrent resolution: A legislative measure, designated "S. Con. Res." and numbered consecutively upon introduction, generally employed to address the sentiments of both chambers, to deal with issues or matters affecting both houses, such as a concurrent budget resolution, or to create a temporary joint committee. Concurrent resolutions are not submitted to the President/Governor and thus do not have the force of law. Conservation easement: means an interest in land that provides limitation on the use of land or a body of water or requires or prohibits certain acts on or with respect to the land or body of water, whether or not the interest is stated in the form of a restriction, easement, covenant, or condition in a deed, will, or other instrument executed by or on behalf of the owner of the land or body of water or in an order of taking, which interest is appropriate to retaining or maintaining the land or body of water, including improvements on the land or body of water, predominantly in its natural, scenic, or open condition, or in an agricultural, farming, open space, or forest use, or similar use or condition. See Michigan Laws 324.2140 Consignee: means a merchant to which goods are delivered in a consignment. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Consignment: means a transaction, regardless of its form, in which a person delivers goods to a merchant for the purpose of sale and that meets all of the following:
(i) The merchant deals in goods of that kind under a name other than the name of the person making delivery, is not an auctioneer, and is not generally known by its creditors to be substantially engaged in selling the goods of others. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Consignor: means a person that delivers goods to a consignee in a consignment. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Construction: means the engineering, architectural, legal, fiscal, and economic investigations and studies, surveys, designs, plans, working drawings, specifications, procedures, and other similar actions necessary to the construction of collecting sewers; the installation, erection, and building of collecting sewers; and the inspection and supervision of the construction of such sewers. See Michigan Laws 324.4901 Construction activities: means an action undertaken to plan, design, or build sewage treatment works projects, stormwater management projects, or nonpoint source projects. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Consumer: means an individual who enters into a transaction primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Consumer goods: means goods that are used or bought for use primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Consumer obligor: means an obligor who is an individual and who incurred the obligation as part of a transaction entered into primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Consumer transaction: means a transaction in which an individual incurs an obligation primarily for personal, family, or household purposes, a security interest secures the obligation, and the collateral is held or acquired primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Consumer-goods transaction: means a consumer transaction in which an individual incurs an obligation primarily for personal, family, or household purposes and a security interest in consumer goods secures the obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Continuation statement: means an amendment of a financing statement which identifies, by its file number, the initial financing statement to which it relates and indicates that it is a continuation statement for, or that it is filed to continue the effectiveness of, the identified financing statement. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Contour change: includes any grading, filling, digging, or excavating that significantly alters the physical characteristic of a critical dune area, except that which is involved in sand dune mining as defined in part 637. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed. Contribution: means a payment, gift, subscription, assessment, expenditure, contract, payment for services, dues, advance, forbearance, loan, or donation of money or anything of ascertainable monetary value, or a transfer of anything of ascertainable monetary value to a person, made for or allocated to the purpose of defending an elected official in a criminal, civil, or administrative action that arises directly out of the conduct of the elected official's governmental duties. See Michigan Laws 15.523 Controlled substance: means that term as defined in section 7104 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Conventional gravity sewer extension: means the installation of a new gravity sewer and connection to an existing collection system to provide sewer service to new areas previously not served by the public sewer system. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant. Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name. Court: means the circuit court of this state and, when the context requires, the court or entity of another jurisdiction with functions similar to those assigned in this act to the circuit court of this state relative to the issuance and enforcement of support orders. See Michigan Laws 552.673 Crayfish: means any arthropod of the decapoda family. See Michigan Laws 324.48728 Creditor: includes a general creditor, a secured creditor, a lien creditor, and any representative of creditors, including an assignee for the benefit of creditors, a trustee in bankruptcy, a receiver in equity, and an executor or administrator of an insolvent debtor's or assignor's estate. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Crest: means the line at which the first lakeward facing slope of a critical dune ridge breaks to a slope of less than 1-foot vertical rise in a 5-1/2-foot horizontal plane for a distance of at least 20 feet, if the areal extent where this break occurs is greater than 1/10 acre in size. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Crime: means an act that is 1 of the following:
(i) A crime under the laws of this state or the United States that causes an injury within this state. See Michigan Laws 18.351Critical dune area: means a geographic area designated in the "atlas of critical dune areas" dated February 1989 that was prepared by the department of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Critical infrastructure: means systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital to the United States or this state that the incapacity or destruction of that system or asset would have a debilitating impact on security, economic security, public health or safety, or any combination of these as determined by the department. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Crustacean: means freshwater crayfish, shrimp, or prawn of the order Decapoda. See Michigan Laws 324.41301 Cybersecurity incident: means an event occurring on or conducted through a computer network that actually or imminently jeopardizes the integrity, confidentiality, or availability of computers, information or communications systems or networks, physical or virtual infrastructure controlled by computers or information systems, or information resident on any of these. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries. damages: means the fair market value on the stump or at the mill, whichever is greater of a forest product cut or removed, or the fair and actual value of any other property removed or damaged in trespass, plus any other damages caused before, during, or after the cutting or removal. See Michigan Laws 324.2155 Dating relationship: means frequent, intimate associations primarily characterized by the expectation of affectional involvement. See Michigan Laws 18.351.amended Debtor: means 1 of the following:
(i) A person having an interest, other than a security interest or other lien, in the collateral, whether or not the person is an obligor. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Decedent: A deceased person. Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another. Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime. Delivery: means either of the following:
(i) With respect to an electronic document of title, a voluntary transfer of control. See Michigan Laws 440.1201Department: means the department of environmental quality. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Department: means the department of environmental quality. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Department: means the department of management and budget. See Michigan Laws 18.71 Department: means the department of environmental quality. See Michigan Laws 324.41401 Department: means the department of technology, management, and budget. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Department: means the department of state police. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Department: means the director of the department of natural resources or his or her designee to whom the director delegates a power or duty by written instrument. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Department of natural resources: means the principal state department created in section 501. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another. Dependent: means an individual principally dependent on another for support. See Michigan Laws 18.351.amended Deposit account: means a demand, time, savings, passbook, or similar account maintained with a bank. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Devise: To gift property by will. Direct and proximate: means that the antecedent event is a substantial factor in the result. See Michigan Laws 28.632 Director: means the director of the department of management and budget or the designated representative of the director. See Michigan Laws 18.71 Director: means the director of the office of Hispanic/Latino affairs. See Michigan Laws 18.301 Director: means the director of the department of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial. Document: means a document of title or a receipt of the type described in section 7201(2). See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Document of title: means a record that in the regular course of business or financing is treated as adequately evidencing that the person in possession or control of the record is entitled to receive, control, hold, and dispose of the record and the goods the record covers and that purports to be issued by or addressed to a bailee and to cover goods in the bailee's possession which are either identified or are fungible portions of an identified mass. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Due notice: means notice published at least twice, with an interval of at least 7 days between the 2 publication dates, in a newspaper or other publication of general circulation within the appropriate area or, if a publication of general circulation is not available, by posting at a reasonable number of conspicuous places within the appropriate area. See Michigan Laws 324.4701 Duty of support: means an obligation imposed or imposable by law to provide support for a child, spouse, or former spouse, including an unsatisfied obligation to provide support. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Elected official: means an individual who holds an elective office in state or local government in this state. See Michigan Laws 15.523 Electronic chattel paper: means chattel paper evidenced by a record or records consisting of information stored in an electronic medium. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Eligible applicant: means a person that meets the requirements under section 41402. See Michigan Laws 324.41401 Eligible project: means a project that meets the requirements under section 41402. See Michigan Laws 324.41401 Embezzlement: In most states, embezzlement is defined as theft/larceny of assets (money or property) by a person in a position of trust or responsibility over those assets. Embezzlement typically occurs in the employment and corporate settings. Source: OCC Emergency management coordinator: means that term as defined in section 2 of the emergency management act, 1976 PA 390, MCL 30. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Encumbrance: means a right, other than an ownership interest, in real property. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs. Equipment: means goods other than inventory, farm products, or consumer goods. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. Source: U.S. Courts Escheat: Reversion of real or personal property to the state when 1) a person dies without leaving a will and has no heirs, or 2) when the property (such as a bank account) has been inactive for a certain period of time. Source: OCC Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met. Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other. Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office. Executive director: means the executive director of the commission appointed under this act. See Michigan Laws 28.602 Expedited review: means an expedited review of an application for a construction permit under section 4112. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller. Farm products: means goods, other than standing timber, with respect to which the debtor is engaged in a farming operation and which are 1 of the following:
(i) Crops grown, growing, or to be grown, including crops produced on trees, vines, and bushes, and aquatic goods produced in aquacultural operations. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Federal water pollution control act: means 33 USC 1251 to 1389. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Felony: means that term as defined in section 1 of chapter I of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 174, MCL 761. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator. File number: means the number assigned to an initial financing statement pursuant to section 9519(1). See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Filing office: means an office designated in section 9501 as the place to file a financing statement. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Filing-office rule: means a rule adopted pursuant to section 9526. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Financial institution: means a state or nationally chartered bank or a state or federally chartered savings and loan association, savings bank, or credit union whose deposits are insured by an agency of the United States government and that maintains a principal office or branch office located in this state under the laws of this state or the United States. See Michigan Laws 15.523 Financing statement: means a record or records composed of an initial financing statement and any filed record relating to the initial financing statement. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 firearm: except as otherwise specifically defined in statute, includes any weapon which will, is designed to, or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by action of an explosive. See Michigan Laws 8.3t Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006. Fixture filing: means the filing of a financing statement covering goods that are or are to become fixtures and satisfying section 9502(1) and (2). See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Fixtures: means goods that have become so related to particular real property that an interest in them arises under real property law. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. Source: OCC Foredune: means 1 or more low linear dune ridges that are parallel and adjacent to the shoreline of a Great Lake and are rarely greater than 20 feet in height. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Foreign country: means a country, including a political subdivision thereof, other than the United States, that authorizes the issuance of support orders and 1 or more of the following:
(i) That has been declared under the law of the United States to be a foreign reciprocating country. See Michigan Laws 552.2102Foreign support order: means a support order of a foreign tribunal. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another. Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. Source: OCC Fund: means the infrastructure construction fund created in section 4113. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 Fund: means the strategic water quality initiatives fund created in section 5204. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Fund: means the state water pollution control revolving fund established under section 16a of the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Fund: means the state art in public places fund. See Michigan Laws 18.71 Fund: means the inland lake aquatic invasive plant species control and eradication fund created in section 41403. See Michigan Laws 324.41401 Fundable range: means those projects, taken in descending order on the priority lists, for which sufficient funds are estimated by the department to exist to provide assistance at the beginning of each annual funding cycle. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Game: has the meaning given that term in part 401. See Michigan Laws 324.43504 Game and fish protection account: means the game and fish protection account of the Michigan conservation and recreation legacy fund provided for in section 2010. See Michigan Laws 324.43701 Game and fish protection account: means the game and fish protection account of the Michigan conservation and recreation legacy fund provided for in section 2010. See Michigan Laws 324.43504 Game fish: includes all of the following:
(i) Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). See Michigan Laws 324.48701Gas: means a mixture of hydrocarbons and nonhydrocarbons in a gaseous state which may or may not be associated with oil and includes liquids resulting from the condensation of those hydrocarbons and nonhydrocarbons. See Michigan Laws 324.43701 General intangible: means any personal property, including things in action, other than accounts, chattel paper, commercial tort claims, deposit accounts, documents, goods, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, letters of credit, money, and oil, gas, or other minerals before extraction. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Genetically engineered: refers to an organism whose genome, chromosomal or extrachromosomal, is modified permanently and heritably, using recombinant nucleic acid techniques, or the progeny of such an organism. See Michigan Laws 324.41301 Genetically engineered: refers to a fish whose genome, chromosomal or extrachromosomal, is modified permanently and heritably, using recombinant nucleic acid techniques. See Michigan Laws 324.48701 Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value. Good faith: except as otherwise provided in article 5, means honesty in fact and the observance of reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Goods: means all things that are movable when a security interest attaches. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Governmental unit: means a subdivision, agency, department, county, parish, municipality, or other unit of the government of the United States, a state, or a foreign country. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Grace period: The number of days you'll have to pay your bill for purchases in full without triggering a finance charge. Source: Federal Reserve Grant: means a grant from the grant program. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Grant: means an inland lake aquatic invasive plant species control or eradication grant issued through the program. See Michigan Laws 324.41401 Grant program: means the strategic water quality initiatives grant program established under this part. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Great Lakes: means the Great Lakes and their connecting waters, including Lake St. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs. Hand rod: means any mechanism of capture that is adapted for picking the mussels singly from the bottom of waters and is operated by the picker holding the hand rod in the hand. See Michigan Laws 324.45701 Historic preservation easement: means an interest in land that provides a limitation on the use of a structure or site that is listed as a national historic landmark under chapter 593, 49 Stat. See Michigan Laws 324.2140 Holder: means any of the following:
(i) A person in possession of a negotiable instrument that is payable either to bearer or to an identified person that is the person in possession. See Michigan Laws 440.1201Household member: means an individual who resides in the same dwelling unit as a victim or intervenor. See Michigan Laws 18.351.amended Impeachment: (1) The process of calling something into question, as in "impeaching the testimony of a witness." (2) The constitutional process whereby the House of Representatives may "impeach" (accuse of misconduct) high officers of the federal government for trial in the Senate. in writing: shall be construed to include printing, engraving, and lithographing; except that if the written signature of a person is required by law, the signature shall be the proper handwriting of the person or, if the person is unable to write, the person's proper mark, which may be, unless otherwise expressly prohibited by law, a clear and classifiable fingerprint of the person made with ink or another substance. See Michigan Laws 8.3q Income: includes earnings or other periodic entitlements to money from any source and any other property subject to withholding for support under the law of this state. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Income: means income as defined in section 2 of the support and parenting time enforcement act, MCL 552. See Michigan Laws 552.673 Income-withholding order: means an order or other legal process directed to an obligor's employer or other debtor, as defined by the support and parenting time enforcement act, 1982 PA 295, MCL 552. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. Source: FDIC Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury. Inland waters of this state: means the waters within the jurisdiction of the state except Saginaw river, Lakes Michigan, Superior, Huron, and Erie, and the bays and the connecting waters. See Michigan Laws 324.48701 Instrument: means a negotiable instrument or any other writing that evidences a right to the payment of a monetary obligation, is not itself a security agreement or lease, and is of a type that in ordinary course of business is transferred by delivery with any necessary indorsement or assignment. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. Source: OCC Intervenor: means a person who goes to the aid of one who has become a victim of a crime and who suffers personal physical injury. See Michigan Laws 18.351 Inventory: means goods, other than farm products, that meet 1 of the following:
(i) Are leased by a person as lessor. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Investment property: means a security, whether certificated or uncertificated, security entitlement, securities account, commodity contract, or commodity account. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Issuing state: means the state in which a tribunal issues a support order or a judgment determining parentage of a child. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Issuing tribunal: means the tribunal of a state or foreign country that issues a support order or a judgment determining parentage of a child. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Joint tenancy: A form of property ownership in which two or more parties hold an undivided interest in the same property that was conveyed under the same instrument at the same time. A joint tenant can sell his (her) interest but not dispose of it by will. Upon the death of a joint tenant, his (her) undivided interest is distributed among the surviving joint tenants. Jurisdiction: means a state or political subdivision, territory, or possession of the United States; the District of Columbia; or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. See Michigan Laws 552.673 Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases. Juror: A person who is on the jury. Land: includes lands, tenements, and real estate and rights to and interests in lands, tenements, and real estate. See Michigan Laws 324.2130 land disposal wastewater management program: means the program developed in the United States army corps of engineers southeastern Michigan survey scope wastewater management study, as authorized by section 102 of title I of the federal water pollution control act, chapter 758, 86 Stat. See Michigan Laws 324.5101 Law: includes decisional and statutory law and rules and regulations having the force of law. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Law enforcement agency: means an entity that is established and maintained in accordance with the laws of this state and is authorized by the laws of this state to appoint or employ law enforcement officers. See Michigan Laws 28.602 Law enforcement officer: means :
(i) Except as provided in subparagraph (ii), an individual employed by a law enforcement agency as 1 or more of the following:
(A) An individual authorized by law, including common law, to prevent and detect crime and enforce the general criminal laws of this state. See Michigan Laws 28.602Law enforcement training academy: means any of the following:
(i) An agency basic law enforcement training academy. See Michigan Laws 28.602Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). Source: OCC Legacy: A gift of property made by will. Legal defense fund: means all contributions received, held, or expended for the legal defense of an elected official. See Michigan Laws 15.523 Letter-of-credit right: means a right to payment or performance under a letter of credit, whether or not the beneficiary has demanded or is at the time entitled to demand payment or performance. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity. License: means documentation of licensure by the commission under this act. See Michigan Laws 28.602 license: means a license issued by the department to operate a game bird hunting preserve. See Michigan Laws 324.41701 License: means a game breeder's license issued pursuant to this part. See Michigan Laws 324.42701 Licensed professional engineer: means a professional engineer licensed under article 20 of the occupational code, 1980 PA 299, MCL 339. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 Licensing: includes agency activity involving the grant, denial, renewal, suspension, revocation, annulment, withdrawal, recall, cancellation, or amendment of a license. See Michigan Laws 24.205 Licensing standards: means the requirements with which a person must comply for licensure as a law enforcement officer under this act. See Michigan Laws 28.602 Licensure: means a determination by the commission that both of the following occurred in compliance with this act and rules promulgated under this act:
(i) The person to whom the license is issued commenced employment as a law enforcement officer, subject to a written oath of office or other written instrument conferring law enforcement authority. See Michigan Laws 28.602Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt. Lien creditor: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) A creditor that has acquired a lien on the property involved by attachment, levy, or the like. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Line of duty: as used in this act means an act performed by a member of the state military establishment in obedience to or in conformity with a law, rule, regulation, order, command or custom of the military service or an act performed which is not in violation of a law, rule, regulation, order, command or custom of the military service, or that will not bring discredit to the military service. See Michigan Laws 32.521 Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants. Loan: means a loan from the loan program. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Loan program: means the strategic water quality initiatives loan program established under section 5202. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Local agencies: means local units of government or other public bodies created by or pursuant to state law and having jurisdiction over collecting sewers. See Michigan Laws 324.4901 Local health department: means that term as defined in section 1105 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Local law enforcement agency: means the police department of a municipality. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Local unit: means a county, city, village, or township or an agency or instrumentality of any of these entities. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 local unit: means a municipality or county. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Majority leader: see Floor Leaders Manufactured-home transaction: means a secured transaction that creates a purchase-money security interest in a manufactured home, other than a manufactured home held as inventory, or in which a manufactured home, other than a manufactured home held as inventory, is the primary collateral. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 martial rule: means the exercise of partial or complete military control over domestic territory in time of emergency because of public necessity. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Michigan conservation and recreation legacy fund: means the Michigan conservation and recreation legacy fund established in section 40 of article IX of the state constitution of 1963 and provided for in section 2002. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Michigan cyber civilian corps: means the program established by this act under which civilian volunteers who have expertise in addressing cybersecurity incidents may volunteer at the invitation of the department to provide rapid response assistance to a municipal, educational, nonprofit, or critical infrastructure organization in need of expert assistance during a cybersecurity incident. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Michigan cyber civilian corps volunteer: means an individual who has entered into a volunteer agreement with the department to serve as a deployable volunteer in the Michigan cyber civilian corps. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Michigan national guard: means the army national guard and the air national guard. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Michigan register: means the publication described in section 8. See Michigan Laws 24.205 Military: means a reference to all components of the state military establishment. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Military establishment: means the organized militia of this state, including the employees and equipment assigned or necessary to carry out the provisions of this act. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Mineral: means an inorganic substance that can be extracted from the earth, except for oil or gas, and includes rock, metal ores, and mineral water. See Michigan Laws 324.43701 Minnows: means chubs, shiners, suckers, when of a size ordinarily used for bait in hook and line fishing, dace, stonerollers, muddlers, and mudminnows. See Michigan Laws 324.48728 Model zoning plan: means the model zoning plan provided for in section 35304 to 35309 and 35311a to 35324. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Mollusk: means any mollusk of the classes Bivalvia and Gastropoda. See Michigan Laws 324.41301 Money: means a medium of exchange authorized or adopted by a domestic or foreign government. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 month: means a calendar month; the word "year" a calendar year; and the word "year" alone shall be equivalent to the words "year of our Lord". See Michigan Laws 8.3j Mortgage: means a consensual interest in real property, including fixtures, which secures payment or performance of an obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan. Mortgagee: The person to whom property is mortgaged and who has loaned the money. Municipality: means this state, a county, city, village, or township, or an agency or instrumentality of any of these entities. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Municipality: includes a metropolitan district, a water or sewer authority created by law, or a county, township, charter township, incorporated city, or incorporated village. See Michigan Laws 324.4701 Municipality: means that term as it is defined in section 5301. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Municipality: means a city, village, county, township, authority, or other public body, including either of the following:
(i) An intermunicipal agency of 2 or more municipalities, authorized or created under state law. See Michigan Laws 324.5301Municipality: means a city, village, or township. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Mussel: means the pearly freshwater mussel, clam, or naiad, and the shells of the pearly freshwater mussel, clam, or naiad. See Michigan Laws 324.45701 National response center: means the National Communications Center established under the clean water act, 33 USC 1251 to 1387, located in Washington, DC, that receives and relays notice of oil discharge or releases of hazardous substances to appropriate federal officials. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Native: means indigenous to any location in this state. See Michigan Laws 324.41301 New debtor: means a person that becomes bound as debtor under section 9203(4) by a security agreement previously entered into by another person. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 New value: means money, money's worth in property, services, or new credit, or release by a transferee of an interest in property previously transferred to the transferee. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose. Nonaquatic: describes a bird, insect other than a wiggler, or mammal. See Michigan Laws 324.41301 Noncash proceeds: means proceeds other than cash proceeds. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Nongame fish: includes all kinds of fish except game fish. See Michigan Laws 324.48701 Nongame fish and wildlife: means fish or wild animals that are unconfined and not ordinarily taken for sport, fur, or food, and the habitat that supports them. See Michigan Laws 324.43901 Nonnative: means not native. See Michigan Laws 324.41301 Nonoceangoing vessel: means a vessel that is not an oceangoing vessel. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Nonpoint source project: means construction activities designed to reduce nonpoint source pollution consistent with the state nonpoint source management plan under section 319 of the federal water pollution control act, 33 USC 1329. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Nonresident: means a person who is not a resident. See Michigan Laws 324.48701 Notice: means a written or electronic record that informs a person of past or future action of the person generating the record. See Michigan Laws 24.205 Oath: A promise to tell the truth. oath: shall be construed to include the word "affirmation" in all cases where by law an affirmation may be substituted for an oath; and in like cases the word "sworn" shall be construed to include the word "affirmed". See Michigan Laws 8.3k Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period. Obligee: means a person or entity that is entitled to receive support under a support order, and includes an entity of another jurisdiction to which a person has assigned his or her right to support. See Michigan Laws 552.673 Obligee: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) An individual to whom a duty of support is or is alleged to be owed or in whose favor a support order or a judgment determining parentage of a child has been issued. See Michigan Laws 552.2102Obligor: means a person that, with respect to an obligation secured by a security interest in or an agricultural lien on the collateral, owes payment or other performance of the obligation, has provided property other than the collateral to secure payment or other performance of the obligation, or is otherwise accountable in whole or in part for payment or other performance of the obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Obligor: means a person required to make payments under the terms of a support order for a child, spouse, or former spouse. See Michigan Laws 552.673 Obligor: means an individual about whom 1 of the following is true, or the estate of a decedent about whom 1 of the following was true before the individual's death:
(i) Owes or is alleged to owe a duty of support. See Michigan Laws 552.2102Oceangoing vessel: means a vessel that operates on the Great Lakes or the St. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Office: means the office of Hispanic/Latino affairs as created in section 4. See Michigan Laws 18.301 Office: means , unless expressly stated otherwise, the office of performance and transformation. See Michigan Laws 24.205 Office of child support: means the entity established in section 2 of the office of child support act, 1971 PA 174, MCL 400. See Michigan Laws 552.673 Office of the friend of the court: means an office created in section 3 of the friend of the court act, 1982 PA 294, MCL 552. See Michigan Laws 552.673 Officer: means a supervisor, treasurer, clerk, or trustee. See Michigan Laws 41.1b officer: means any individual serving a public agency or any authority, district, board, or other entity created in whole or in part by 1 or more cities, counties, villages, or townships, in an official capacity, with or without compensation, as a law enforcement officer, firefighter, or member of a rescue squad or ambulance crew. See Michigan Laws 28.632 Officer: means a commissioned officer and a warrant officer, unless a distinction between commissioned officer and warrant officer is clearly evident. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Oil: means natural crude oil or petroleum and other hydrocarbons, regardless of gravity, which are produced at the well in liquid form by ordinary production methods and which are not the result of condensation of gas after it leaves the underground reservoir. See Michigan Laws 324.43701 Open season: means the time during which fish may be legally taken or killed and includes both the first and last day of the season or period designated by this part. See Michigan Laws 324.48701 Oral argument: An opportunity for lawyers to summarize their position before the court and also to answer the judges' questions. Order of income withholding: means order of income withholding as defined in section 2 of the support and parenting time enforcement act, MCL 552. See Michigan Laws 552.673 Organization: means a person other than an individual. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Original debtor: means , except as used in section 9310(3), a person that, as debtor, entered into a security agreement to which a new debtor has become bound under section 9203(4). See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Other services necessary: means recognized medical treatment, convalescent aids, supplies, and other equipment needed by the victim because of physical incapacity sustained as a direct result of the crime. See Michigan Laws 18.351.amended Out-of-pocket loss: means the unreimbursed and unreimbursable expenses or indebtedness reasonably incurred for medical care, psychological counseling, replacement services, any nonmedical remedial treatment rendered in accordance with a recognized religious method of healing, or other services necessary as a result of the injury upon which a claim is based. See Michigan Laws 18.351 Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program. Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses. Payment intangible: means a general intangible under which the account debtor's principal obligation is a monetary obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Permanent and total disability: means medically determinable consequences of a catastrophic, line-of-duty injury that permanently prevent a former public safety officer from performing any gainful work. See Michigan Laws 28.632 Permit: means a permit for a use within a critical dune area under this part. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Person: means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, government, governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality, public corporation, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Person: means a business, individual, proprietorship, firm, partnership, joint venture, syndicate, business trust, labor organization, company, corporation, association, committee, or any other organization or group of persons acting jointly. See Michigan Laws 15.523 Person: means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, public corporation, government or governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 person: may extend and be applied to bodies politic and corporate, as well as to individuals. See Michigan Laws 8.3l Person: means an individual, partnership, corporation, association, governmental entity, or other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Personal injury: means either of the following injuries:
(i) Actual bodily harm, including pregnancy or death. See Michigan Laws 18.351.amendedPersonal physical injury: means actual bodily harm and includes pregnancy. See Michigan Laws 18.351 Personal property: All property that is not real property. Plans and specifications: means a true description or representation of the entire sewerage system and parts of a system as the sewerage system exists or is to be constructed, and also a full and fair statement of how the system is to be operated. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court. Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer. Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way. Presentence report: A report prepared by a court's probation officer, after a person has been convicted of an offense, summarizing for the court the background information needed to determine the appropriate sentence. Source: U.S. Courts President pro tempore: A constitutionally recognized officer of the Senate who presides over the chamber in the absence of the Vice President. The President Pro Tempore (or, "president for a time") is elected by the Senate and is, by custom, the Senator of the majority party with the longest record of continuous service. Primary public safety answering point: means that term as defined in section 102 of the emergency telephone service enabling act, 1986 PA 32, MCL 484. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Priority list: means the annual ranked listing of projects developed by the department in section 5303. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law. Probate: Proving a will Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed. Proceeds: means , except as used in section 9609(2), 1 or more of the following property:
(i) Whatever is acquired upon the sale, lease, license, exchange, or other disposition of collateral. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Program: means the inland lake aquatic invasive plant species control and eradication program established in section 41402. See Michigan Laws 324.41401 Project: means a proposal to install within 1 general area a new wastewater collection system. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 Project: means a sewage treatment works project, stormwater management project, or nonpoint source project, or a combination of these and may include utilization of more efficient energy and resources as described in any of the following:
(i) The cost-effective governmental energy use act, 2012 PA 625, MCL 18. See Michigan Laws 324.5301Promissory note: means an instrument that evidences a promise to pay a monetary obligation, does not evidence an order to pay, and does not contain an acknowledgment by a bank that the bank has received for deposit a sum of money or funds. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Proposal: means a record authenticated by a secured party which includes the terms on which the secured party is willing to accept collateral in full or partial satisfaction of the obligation it secures pursuant to sections 9620, 9621, and 9622. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government. Public domain: means all land owned by this state or land deeded to this state under state law. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide. Public organic record: means a record that is available to the public for inspection and is any of the following:
(i) A record consisting of the record initially filed with or issued by a state or the United States to form or organize an organization and any record filed with or issued by the state or the United States which amends or restates the initial record. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Purchase: means taking by sale, lease, discount, negotiation, mortgage, pledge, lien, security interest, issue or reissue, gift, or any other voluntary transaction creating an interest in property. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Purchaser: means a person that takes by purchase. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business. Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land. Recombinant nucleic acid techniques: means laboratory techniques through which genetic material is isolated and manipulated in vitro and then inserted into an organism. See Michigan Laws 324.41301 Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Record: means information that is inscribed on a paper or electronic medium. See Michigan Laws 24.205 Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. Source: FDIC Register: means to record in a tribunal of this state a support order or judgment determining parentage of a child issued in another state or a foreign country. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Registered organization: means an organization organized solely under the law of a single state or the United States by the filing of a public organic record with, the issuance of a public organic record by, or the enactment of legislation by the state or the United States. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Registering tribunal: means a tribunal in which a support order or judgment determining parentage of a child is registered. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant. Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings. Replacement services: means homemaking tasks, child care, transportation, and other services previously performed by the victim that, because of the victim's injury, must temporarily or permanently be performed by a person other than the victim. See Michigan Laws 18.351 Representative: means a person empowered to act for another, including an agent, an officer of a corporation or association, and a trustee, executor, or administrator of an estate. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Reptile: means any turtle, snake, or lizard of the class Reptilia. See Michigan Laws 324.41301 Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation. Residence: as used in this act , for registration and voting purposes means that place at which a person habitually sleeps, keeps his or her personal effects, and has a regular place of lodging. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Resident: means either of the following:
(i) A person who resides in a settled or permanent home or domicile within the boundaries of this state with the intention of remaining in this state. See Michigan Laws 324.44101Resident: means either of the following:
(i) A person who resides in a settled or permanent home or domicile with the intention of remaining in this state. See Michigan Laws 324.48701Responding tribunal: means the authorized tribunal in a responding state or foreign country. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Restabilization: means restoration of the natural contours of a critical dune to the extent practicable, the restoration of the protective vegetative cover of a critical dune through the establishment of indigenous vegetation, and the placement of snow fencing or other temporary sand trapping measures for the purpose of preventing erosion, drifting, and slumping of sand. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action. Right: includes remedy. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Rule: means a rule promulgated pursuant to the administrative procedures act of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Rule: means a rule promulgated under the administrative procedures act of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24. See Michigan Laws 28.602 SDU: means the entity established in section 6 of the office of child support act, 1971 PA 174, MCL 400. See Michigan Laws 552.673 seal: shall be construed to include any of the following:
(a) The impression of the seal on the paper alone. See Michigan Laws 8.3nSecondary obligor: means an obligor to the extent that the obligor's obligation is secondary or the obligor has a right of recourse with respect to an obligation secured by collateral against the debtor, another obligor, or property of either. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Secured party: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) A person in whose favor a security interest is created or provided for under a security agreement, whether or not any obligation to be secured is outstanding. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Security agreement: means an agreement that creates or provides for a security interest. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Security interest: means an interest in personal property or fixtures which secures payment or performance of an obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Sediments: means any matter settled out of ballast water within a vessel. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party. Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims. Sewage disposal systems: includes all interceptor sewers, storm sewers, sanitary sewers, combined sanitary and storm sewers, sewage treatment plants, and all other plants, works, instrumentalities, and properties used or useful in connection with the collection, treatment, and disposal of sewage and industrial wastes. See Michigan Laws 324.4701 Sewage sludge: means sewage sludge generated in the treatment of domestic sewage, other than only septage or industrial waste. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Sewage sludge derivative: means a product for land application derived from sewage sludge that does not include solid waste or other waste regulated under this act. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Sewage treatment works project: means construction activities on any device or system for the treatment, storage, collection, conveyance, recycling, or reclamation of the sewage of a municipality, including combined sewer overflow correction and major rehabilitation of sewers. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Sewerage system: means a system of pipes and structures including pipes, channels, conduits, manholes, pumping stations, sewage or waste treatment works, diversion and regulatory devices, outfall structures, and appurtenances, collectively or severally, actually used or intended for use by the public for the purpose of collecting, conveying, transporting, treating, or otherwise handling sanitary sewage or other industrial liquid wastes that are capable of adversely affecting the public health. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 Shall: is a lways mandatory and "may" is always discretionary. See Michigan Laws 206.2 shall not apply: means that the pertinent provision is not operative as to certain persons or things or in conjunction with a particular date or dates. See Michigan Laws 8.4c Simple pumping station and force main: means the installation of a duplex pumping station and a force main with only 1 high point and of length of no more than 2,000 feet that is to be connected to an existing gravity collection system to provide sewer service to new areas previously not served by the public sewer system. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 Small diameter pressure sewer and grinder pumping station: means a single project that includes the installation of new pressure sewers totaling not more than 5,000 feet and not more than 25 grinder pumping stations with each grinder pumping station serving not more than 5 separate owners and that is to be connected to an existing gravity collection system to provide sewer service to new areas previously not served by the public sewer system. See Michigan Laws 324.4101 Software: means a computer program and any supporting information provided in connection with a transaction relating to the program. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Source of income: means source of income as defined in section 2 of the support and parenting time enforcement act, MCL 552. See Michigan Laws 552.673 Special duty: means military service in support of the full-time operation of the state military establishment for a period of not less than 1 day if ordered by competent authority. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Special use project: means any of the following:
(i) A proposed use in a critical dune area for an industrial or commercial purpose regardless of the size of the site. See Michigan Laws 324.35301State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 state: when applied to the different parts of the United States, shall be construed to extend to and include the District of Columbia and the several territories belonging to the United States; and the words "United States" shall be construed to include the district and territories. See Michigan Laws 8.3o State agency: means a department, board, commission, office, agency, authority, or other unit of state government. See Michigan Laws 2.161 State water pollution control revolving fund: means the state water pollution control revolving fund established under section 16a of the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 324.5201 Statute: A law passed by a legislature. Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights. Statutes at large: A chronological listing of the laws enacted each Congress. They are published in volumes numbered by Congress. Stock: means game. See Michigan Laws 324.42701 Stormwater management project: means construction activities of a municipality on any device or system for the treatment, storage, recycling, or reclamation of storm water that is conveyed by a storm sewer that is separate from a sanitary sewer. See Michigan Laws 324.5301 Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony. Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system. Supervisor: means the supervisor of a township elected under chapter XVI of the Michigan election law, Act No. See Michigan Laws 41.1b Support: means actual monetary payments made by a victim or intervenor to or for a person principally dependent on the victim or intervenor. See Michigan Laws 18.351 Support and parenting time enforcement act: means 1982 PA 295, MCL 552. See Michigan Laws 552.673 Support enforcement agency: means a public official or governmental entity or private agency authorized to do 1 or more of the following:
(i) Seek enforcement of support orders or laws relating to the duty of support. See Michigan Laws 552.2102Support order: means an order or judgment for the support, or for the payment of arrearages on the support, of a child, spouse, or former spouse issued by a court or agency of another jurisdiction, whether interlocutory or final, whether or not prospectively or retroactively modifiable, whether incidental to a proceeding for divorce, separate maintenance, paternity, guardianship, or equivalent proceeding, or otherwise. See Michigan Laws 552.673 Support order: means a judgment, decree, order, decision, or directive, whether temporary, final, or subject to modification, issued in a state or foreign country for the benefit of a child, a spouse, or a former spouse, that provides for monetary support, health care, arrearages, retroactive support, or reimbursement for financial assistance provided to an individual obligee in place of child support. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Tangible chattel paper: means chattel paper evidenced by a record or records consisting of information that is inscribed on a tangible medium. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Tenancy in common: A type of property ownership in which two or more individuals have an undivided interest in property. At the death of one tenant in common, his (her) fractional percentage of ownership in the property passes to the decedent Term: means a portion of an agreement that relates to a particular matter. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Termination statement: means an amendment of a financing statement that identifies, by its file number, the initial financing statement to which it relates and indicates either that it is a termination statement or that the identified financing statement is no longer effective. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 termination statement: as used in this act mean those terms as defined in the uniform commercial code, 1962 PA 174, MCL 440. See Michigan Laws 257.58b Testator: A male person who leaves a will at death. Testify: Answer questions in court. Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries. Threshold reporting quantity: means that term as defined in R 324. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident. Township board: means the township board of a township constituted as provided in section 70. See Michigan Laws 41.1b Tract: means tract as that term is used by the United States department of commerce, bureau of the census in conducting the 2010 decennial census. See Michigan Laws 3.55 Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition. Transmitting utility: means a person primarily engaged in the business of 1 of the following:
(i) Operating a railroad, subway, street railway, or trolley bus. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Treasurer: means the treasurer of a township elected under chapter XVI of Act No. See Michigan Laws 41.1b Treasurer: means the individual designated as responsible for a legal defense fund's record keeping, report preparation, or report filing or, in the absence of such an individual, the elected official who is the beneficiary of the legal defense fund. See Michigan Laws 15.523 Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence. Tribunal: means a court, administrative agency, or quasi-judicial entity authorized to establish, enforce, or modify support orders or to determine parentage of a child. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Trout stream: means any stream or portion of a stream that contains a significant population of any species of trout or salmon as determined by the department. See Michigan Laws 324.48701 Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. Source: OCC Trust fund: means the Michigan game and fish protection trust fund established in section 41 of article IX of the state constitution of 1963 and provided for in section 43702. See Michigan Laws 324.43701 Trust fund: means the Michigan nongame fish and wildlife trust fund established in section 42 of article IX of the state constitution of 1963 and provided for in section 43902. See Michigan Laws 324.43901 Trust fund: means the game and fish lifetime license trust fund created in section 44104. See Michigan Laws 324.44101 Trustee: means a trustee of a township elected under chapter XVI of Act No. See Michigan Laws 41.1b Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust. Unit of local government: means a political subdivision of this state, including school districts, community college districts, intermediate school districts, public school academies, cities, villages, townships, counties, and authorities, if the political subdivision has as its primary purpose the providing of local governmental service for citizens in a geographically limited area of the state and has the power to act primarily on behalf of that area. See Michigan Laws 2.161 United States: shall be construed to include the district and territories. See Michigan Laws 8.3o Use: means a developmental, silvicultural, or recreational activity done or caused to be done by a person that significantly alters the physical characteristic of a critical dune area or a contour change done or caused to be done by a person. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried. Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge. Victim: means a person who suffers a personal physical injury as a direct result of a crime. See Michigan Laws 18.351 Victim advocate: work with prosecutors and assist the victims of a crime. Victim services organization: means an organization or agency that has a documented history of providing services to address issues arising from victimization to victims or to family members or household members of victims. See Michigan Laws 18.351.amended Vital resource: means a public or private building, facility, property, or location that the governor considers necessary to protect the public health, safety, and welfare of the citizens of this state. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Voice vote: A vote in which the Presiding Officer states the question, then asks those in favor and against to say "Yea" or "Nay," respectively, and announces the result according to his or her judgment. The names or numbers of legisators voting on each side are not recorded. Volunteer agreement: means the contract entered into between the department and a Michigan cyber civilian corps volunteer or advisor under section 4. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Water supply system: includes all plants, work, instrumentalities, and properties used or useful in connection with obtaining a water supply, the treatment of water, and the distribution of water. See Michigan Laws 324.4701 Watercraft: means any conveyance used or designed for navigation on water, including, but not limited to, any vessel, ship, boat, motor vessel, steam vessel, vessel operated by machinery, motorboat, sailboat, barge, scow, tugboat, and rowboat. See Michigan Laws 324.41301 Waters: means any inland lake, stream, river, pond, or other body of water including the Great Lakes and connecting waters, any part or portion of such waters, and any and all chains, systems, or combinations of such waters, in any township or townships or county or counties, within this state, and in which any species of fish or waterfowl are protected by the laws of this state. See Michigan Laws 324.41101 Waters of the state: means groundwaters, lakes, rivers, and streams and all other watercourses and waters, including the Great Lakes, within the jurisdiction of this state. See Michigan Laws 324.3101 Wetland mitigation bank: means a site where wetlands are restored, created, or preserved for the purpose of doing both of the following:
(i) To provide compensatory mitigation in accordance with the provisions of part 303, in advance of authorized, unavoidable impacts to wetlands. See Michigan Laws 324.5201Wiggler: means an aquatic egg, nymph, or larva of an insect. See Michigan Laws 324.41301 Wigglers: means Mayfly nymphs or any other aquatic insect nymphs or larvae. See Michigan Laws 324.48728 Wildlife and fisheries: includes any member of the wild animal kingdom, including any mammal, bird, fish, reptile, amphibian, or invertebrate found in this state at any point in its natural life cycle. See Michigan Laws 324.43504 Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act. writing: includes printing, typewriting, or any other intentional reduction to tangible form. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Zoning ordinance: means an ordinance of a local unit of government that regulates the development of critical dune areas within the local unit of government pursuant to the requirements of this part. See Michigan Laws 324.35301