§ 1170. Obedience to signal indicating approach of train. (a) Whenever any person driving a vehicle approaches a railroad grade crossing under any of the circumstances stated in this section, the driver of such vehicle shall stop not less than fifteen feet from the nearest rail of such railroad, and shall not proceed until he can do so safely. The foregoing requirements shall apply when:

1. An audible or clearly visible electric or mechanical signal device gives warning of the immediate approach of a railroad train;

2. A crossing gate is lowered or when a human flagman gives or continues to give a signal of the approach or passage of a railroad train;

3. A railroad train approaching within approximately one thousand five hundred feet of the highway crossing emits a signal audible from such distance and such railroad train, by reason of its speed or nearness to such crossing, is an immediate hazard; or

4. An approaching railroad train is plainly visible and is in hazardous proximity to such crossing.

5. Every person convicted of a violation of this subdivision shall for a first conviction thereof be punished by a fine of not more than one hundred fifty dollars or by imprisonment for not more than fifteen days or by both such fine and imprisonment; for a conviction of a second violation, both of which were committed within a period of eighteen months, such person shall be punished by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars or by imprisonment for not more than forty-five days or by both such fine and imprisonment; upon a conviction of a third or subsequent violation, all of which were committed within a period of eighteen months, such person shall be punished by a fine of not more than seven hundred fifty dollars or by imprisonment for not more than ninety days or by both such fine and imprisonment.

(b) No person shall drive any vehicle through, around, or under any crossing gate or barrier at a railroad crossing while such gate or barrier is closed or is being opened or closed. Every person convicted of a violation of this subdivision shall for a first conviction thereof be punished by a fine of not less than two hundred fifty dollars nor more than four hundred dollars or by imprisonment for not more than thirty days or by both such fine and imprisonment; for a conviction of a second violation, both of which were committed within a period of thirty months, such person shall be punished by a fine of not less than three hundred fifty dollars nor more than seven hundred fifty dollars or by imprisonment for not more than ninety days or by both such fine and imprisonment; upon a conviction of a third or subsequent violation, all of which were committed within a period of thirty months, such person shall be punished by a fine of not less than six hundred dollars nor more than one thousand dollars or by imprisonment for not more than one hundred eighty days or by both such fine and imprisonment.

(c) 1. Any person convicted of a violation of this section while driving any vehicle carrying passengers under eighteen years of age, any bus carrying passengers, any school bus or any vehicle carrying explosive substances or flammable liquids as a cargo or part of a cargo, shall, upon conviction of a first offense, be guilty of a class A misdemeanor, and shall, upon conviction of a second or subsequent offense committed within five years of the prior offense, be guilty of a class E felony.

2. Any person convicted of a violation of this section resulting in an accident which causes physical injury, as that term is defined pursuant to subdivision nine of § 10.00 of the penal law, serious physical injury, as that term is defined pursuant to subdivision ten of § 10.00 of the penal law, or death to another person, shall be guilty of a class E felony.

(d) Nothing contained in this section shall be construed to prohibit or limit the prosecution of any violation, crime or other offense otherwise required or permitted by law.