As used in the Medicaid Provider and Managed Care Act: A. “claim” means a request for payment for services;

B. “clean claim” means a claim for reimbursement that:

(1)     contains substantially all the required data elements necessary for accurate adjudication of the claim without the need for additional information from the medicaid provider or subcontractor;

(2)     is not materially deficient or improper, including lacking substantiating documentation required by medicaid; and

(3)     has no particular or unusual circumstances that require special treatment or that prevent payment from being made in due course on behalf of medicaid;

C. “credible” means having indicia of reliability after the state has reviewed all allegations, facts and evidence carefully and acted judiciously on a case-by-case basis;

D. “credible allegation of fraud” means an allegation that has been verified by the state from any source, including fraud hotline complaints, claims data mining and provider audits;

E. “department” means the human services department [health care authority department];

F. “fraud” means any act that constitutes fraud under state or federal law;

G. “managed care organization” means a person eligible to enter into risk-based prepaid capitation agreements with the department to provide health care and related services;

H. “medicaid” means the medical assistance program established pursuant to Title 19 of the federal Social Security Act and regulations issued pursuant to that act;

I. “medicaid provider” means a person that provides medicaid-related services to recipients;

J. “overpayment” means an amount paid to a medicaid provider or subcontractor in excess of the medicaid allowable amount, including payment for any claim to which a medicaid provider or subcontractor is not entitled;

K. “person” means an individual or other legal entity;

L. “recipient” means a person whom the department has determined to be eligible to receive medicaid-related services;

M. “secretary” means the secretary of human services; and

N. subcontractor” means a person that contracts with a medicaid provider or a managed care organization to provide medicaid-related services to recipients.