Terms Used In South Carolina Code > Title 7 > Chapter 13 - Conduct of Elections

• Academic personnel: shall mean presidents, provosts, vice-presidents, deans, teaching and research staffs, and others of academic rank employed by the State educational institutions of higher learning, or medical institutions of education and research. See South Carolina Code 8-11-220
• Accumulated contributions: means the member's aggregate contributions, together with regular interest thereon. See South Carolina Code 9-8-10
• Accumulated contributions: shall mean the member's aggregate contributions, together with regular interest thereon. See South Carolina Code 9-9-10
• Acquittal:
  1. Judgement that a criminal defendant has not been proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
  2. A verdict of "not guilty."
   
• Actuarial equivalent: shall mean a benefit of equal value when computed on the basis of the tables and regular interest rate last adopted by the Board, as provided in § 9-9-30. See South Carolina Code 9-9-10
• Adjourn: A motion to adjourn a legislative chamber or a committee, if passed, ends that day's session.
• Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Agency: means an authority, board, branch, commission, committee, department, division, or other instrumentality of the executive department of state government, including administrative bodies and bodies corporate and politic established as an instrumentality of the State. See South Carolina Code 1-6-10
• Agency: shall mean any department, institution, commission, board or any other unit of government of the State. See South Carolina Code 8-11-220
• Agency head: shall mean the chief executive of a State agency in whom is vested final appointing authority for the agency. See South Carolina Code 8-11-220
• Aggregate contributions: means the sum of all the amounts deducted from the compensation of a member of the System, or directly remitted by him to the System, and credited to his individual account in the System. See South Carolina Code 9-8-10
• Aggregate contributions: shall mean the sum of all the amounts deducted from the compensation of a member of the System, or directly remitted by him to the System, and credited to his individual account in the System. See South Carolina Code 9-9-10
• Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
• Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year.
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
• Appointing authority: shall mean any person having power by law, or by lawfully delegated authority, to make an appointment of a person for employment to any position in the State service. See South Carolina Code 8-11-220
• Appraisal: A determination of property value.
• Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• Assessment: means a charge against the real property belonging to an owner within an improvement district created pursuant to this chapter. See South Carolina Code 6-35-20
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
• Attack: means any attack or series of attacks by an enemy of the United States causing, or which may cause, substantial damage or injury to civilian property or persons in the United States in any manner by sabotage or by the use of bombs, missiles, shellfire, or atomic, radiological, chemical, bacteriological, or biological means or other weapons or processes. See South Carolina Code 1-9-20
• Attorney-at-law: A person who is legally qualified and licensed to practice law, and to represent and act for clients in legal proceedings.
• Beneficiary: means any person in receipt of a retirement allowance or other benefit as provided by the System. See South Carolina Code 9-8-10
• Beneficiary: shall mean any person in receipt of a retirement allowance or other benefit as provided by the System. See South Carolina Code 9-9-10
• Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
• Board: means the Board of Directors of the South Carolina Public Employee Benefit Authority. See South Carolina Code 9-8-10
• Board: means the Board of Directors of the South Carolina Public Employee Benefit Authority. See South Carolina Code 9-9-10
• Board: means the Board of Directors of the South Carolina Public Employee Benefit Authority, acting pursuant to the provisions of this chapter through its Division of Retirement Systems. See South Carolina Code 9-10-10
• Board: means the Board of Directors of the South Carolina Public Employee Benefit Authority acting as trustee of the retirement systems and acting through its Division of Retirement Systems. See South Carolina Code 9-12-10
• Caucus: From the Algonquian Indian language, a caucus meant "to meet together." An informal organization of members of the legislature that exists to discuss issues of mutual concern and possibly to perform legislative research and policy planning for its members. There are regional, political or ideological, ethnic, and economic-based caucuses.
• Chambers: A judge's office.
• Charity: An agency, institution, or organization in existence and operating for the benefit of an indefinite number of persons and conducted for educational, religious, scientific, medical, or other beneficent purposes.
• Circuit public defender: means a person holding the office defined in § 17-3-5(4). See South Carolina Code 9-8-10
• Classified service: shall mean all of those positions in the State service which are subject to the classification policies and regulations as authorized by the provisions of this article. See South Carolina Code 8-11-220
• Clerk of court: An officer appointed by the court to work with the chief judge in overseeing the court's administration, especially to assist in managing the flow of cases through the court and to maintain court records.
• Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
• Compensation: means the total salary paid to a judge, solicitor, or circuit public defender for service rendered to the State. See South Carolina Code 9-8-10
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Comprehensive plan: means the master plan adopted pursuant to Sections 6-7-510, et seq. See South Carolina Code 6-31-20
• Concurrent resolution: A legislative measure, designated "S. Con. Res." and numbered consecutively upon introduction, generally employed to address the sentiments of both chambers, to deal with issues or matters affecting both houses, such as a concurrent budget resolution, or to create a temporary joint committee. Concurrent resolutions are not submitted to the President/Governor and thus do not have the force of law.
• Contingent beneficiary: Receiver of property or benefits if the first named beneficiary fails to receive any or all of the property or benefits in question before his (her) death.
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• Credited service: means service for which credit is allowable as provided in § 9-8-50. See South Carolina Code 9-8-10
• Credited service: shall mean service for which credit is allowable as provided in § 9-9-50. See South Carolina Code 9-9-10
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Date of establishment: means July 1, 1979. See South Carolina Code 9-8-10
• Date of establishment: shall mean January 1, 1966. See South Carolina Code 9-9-10
• Decedent: A deceased person.
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
• Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.
• Developer: means a person, including a governmental agency or redevelopment authority created pursuant to the provisions of the Military Facilities Redevelopment Law, who intends to undertake any development and who has a legal or equitable interest in the property to be developed. See South Carolina Code 6-31-20
• Development: means the planning for or carrying out of a building activity or mining operation, the making of a material change in the use or appearance of any structure or property, or the dividing of land into three or more parcels. See South Carolina Code 6-31-20
• Development permit: includes a building permit, zoning permit, subdivision approval, rezoning certification, special exception, variance, or any other official action of local government having the effect of permitting the development of property. See South Carolina Code 6-31-20
• Director: means the Director of the National Guard Retirement System. See South Carolina Code 9-10-10
• Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
• Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
• District: means an area within the county or municipality designated by the governing body and proposed by petition and approved by the governing body pursuant to the provisions of this chapter and within which an improvement plan is to be accomplished. See South Carolina Code 6-35-20
• Division: means the Human Resource Management Division of the Department of Administration. See South Carolina Code 8-11-700
• Donor: The person who makes a gift.
• Dower: A widow
• Earnable compensation: means forty times the daily rate of renumeration, plus twelve thousand dollars, of a member of the General Assembly, as from time to time in effect. See South Carolina Code 9-9-10
• Earned service: means paid employment as a judge, solicitor, or circuit public defender where the judge, solicitor, or circuit public defender makes regular contributions to the system. See South Carolina Code 9-8-10
• Employee annuity: shall mean annual payments for life derived from the accumulated contributions of a member. See South Carolina Code 9-9-10
• Employer annuity: shall mean annual payments for life derived from money provided by the State. See South Carolina Code 9-9-10
• Employing agency: means the agency in which the leave recipient is employed. See South Carolina Code 8-11-700
• Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
• Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
• Executive session: A portion of the Senate's daily session in which it considers executive business.
• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
• Fee simple: Absolute title to property with no limitations or restrictions regarding the person who may inherit it.
• Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. ^{Source: OCC}
• Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor
• Germane: On the subject of the pending bill or other business; a strict standard of relevance.
• Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
• Governing body: means the county council of a county, the city council of a municipality, the governing body of a consolidated political subdivision, or any other chief governing body of a unit of local government, however designated. See South Carolina Code 6-31-20
• Governing body: means , as appropriate, the county council or the municipal council or councils with authority over the geographic area in which the district lies and acting under this chapter. See South Carolina Code 6-35-20
• Government entity: means the county or municipality in which the district is located and the governing body of which acts under this chapter to create such district and impose assessments therein. See South Carolina Code 6-35-20
• Governmental entity: means a special purpose district created by the General Assembly of this State for the principal purpose of furnishing natural gas to the residents, businesses, and industries of the service area as defined in and fully described in the act of the General Assembly that created and established the special purpose district, and in amendments to that act. See South Carolina Code 6-24-20
• Grand jury: agreement providing that a lender will delay exercising its rights (in the case of a mortgage,
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Improvement plan: means an overall plan by which the governing body proposes and the owner accepts to effect improvements within a district and service area to preserve property values, prevent deterioration of urban areas, and preserve the tax base, and includes an overall plan by which the governing body proposes to effect improvements within an improvement district in order to encourage and promote private or public development within the improvement district. See South Carolina Code 6-35-20
• Improvements: include , but are not limited to, public infrastructure improvements, such as a parkway, park, and playground; a recreation facility, athletic facility, and pedestrian facility; sidewalk; parking facility ancillary to another public facility; facade redevelopment; storm drain; the relocation, construction, widening, and paving of a street, road, and bridge including demolition of them; underground utility dedicated or to be dedicated to public use; all improvements permitted under Chapter 35 of Title 4 and Chapter 37 of Title 5; a building or other facility for public use; public works eligible for financing under the provisions of § 6-21-50; and things incidental to an improvement including, but not limited to, planning, engineering, promotion, marketing, administrative fees, and acquisition of necessary easements and land, and may include a facility for lease or use by a private person, firm, or corporation. See South Carolina Code 6-35-20
• Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. ^{Source: OCC}
• Internal Revenue Code: means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time. See South Carolina Code 9-12-10
• Joint agency: means a public body and body corporate and politic organized in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. See South Carolina Code 6-24-20
• Judge: means a justice of the Supreme Court or a judge of the court of appeals, circuit or family court of the State of South Carolina. See South Carolina Code 9-8-10
• Land development regulations: means ordinances and regulations enacted by the appropriate governing body for the regulation of any aspect of development and includes a local government zoning, rezoning, subdivision, building construction, or sign regulations or any other regulations controlling the development of property. See South Carolina Code 6-31-20
• Laws: means all ordinances, resolutions, regulations, comprehensive plans, land development regulations, policies and rules adopted by a local government affecting the development of property and includes laws governing permitted uses of the property, governing density, and governing design, improvement, and construction standards and specifications, except as provided in § 6-31-140 (A). See South Carolina Code 6-31-20
• Lawsuit: A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty, resulting in harm to the plaintiff.
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Leave recipient: means an employee of an employing agency who has a personal emergency and is selected to receive annual or sick leave from the pool leave account of his employing agency. See South Carolina Code 8-11-700
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Life estate: A property interest limited in duration to the life of the individual holding the interest (life tenant).
• Local government: means any county, municipality, special district, or governmental entity of the State, county, municipality, or region established pursuant to law which exercises regulatory authority over, and grants development permits for land development or which provides public facilities. See South Carolina Code 6-31-20
• Local planning commission: means any planning commission established pursuant to Sections 4-27-510, 5-23-410, or 6-7-320. See South Carolina Code 6-31-20
• Member of the System: means any person included in the membership of the System, as set forth in § 9-8-40. See South Carolina Code 9-8-10
• Member of the System: shall mean any person included in the membership of the System, as set forth in § 9-9-40. See South Carolina Code 9-9-10
• Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
• Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• Office: includes all State and local offices, the powers and duties of which are defined by the Constitution, statutes, charters, and ordinances, except the office of Governor, and except those in the General Assembly and the judiciary. See South Carolina Code 1-9-20
• Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
• Owner: means any person eighteen years of age, or older, or the proper legal representative for any person younger than eighteen years of age or otherwise incapacitated person as defined in § 62-5-101(1), and any firm or corporation, who or which owns legal title to a present possessory interest in real estate equal to a life estate or greater, expressly excluding leaseholds, easements, equitable interests, inchoate rights, dower rights, and future interests, and who owns, at the date of the petition required by § 6-35-118, at least an undivided one-tenth interest in a single tract and whose name appears on the county tax records as an owner of real estate, and any duly organized group whose total interest is equal to at least a one-tenth interest in a single tract. See South Carolina Code 6-35-20
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Person: means an individual, corporation, business or land trust, estate, trust, partnership, association, two or more persons having a joint or common interest, state agency, or any legal entity. See South Carolina Code 6-31-20
• Person: means :
  
  (a) an individual, labor union and organization, joint apprenticeship committee, partnership, association, corporation, legal representative, mutual company, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, trustee, trustee in bankruptcy, receiver, or other legal or commercial entity located in part or in whole in the State or doing business in the State;
  
  (b) the State and any agency or local subdivision of an agency; or
  
  (c) a political subdivision. See South Carolina Code 1-6-10
• Personal emergency: means a catastrophic and debilitating medical situations, severely complicated disabilities, severe accident cases, family medical emergencies or other hardship situations that are likely to require an employee's absence from duty for a prolonged period of time and to result in a substantial loss of income to the employee because of the unavailability of paid leave. See South Carolina Code 8-11-700
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Position: shall mean any employment requiring the paid services of one person, or any office or employment in any agency requiring specific duties to be performed by one person. See South Carolina Code 8-11-220
• Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents.
• Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
• Probate: Proving a will
• Property: means all real property subject to land use regulation by a local government and includes the earth, water, and air, above, below, or on the surface, and includes any improvements or structures customarily regarded as a part of real property. See South Carolina Code 6-31-20
• Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
• Public defender: Represent defendants who can't afford an attorney in criminal matters.
• Public facilities: means major capital improvements, including, but not limited to, transportation, sanitary sewer, solid waste, drainage, potable water, educational, parks and recreational, and health systems and facilities. See South Carolina Code 6-31-20
• Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
• QEBA: means a Qualified Excess Benefit Arrangements under Section 415(m) of the Internal Revenue Code. See South Carolina Code 9-12-10
• Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Recess: A temporary interruption of the legislative business.
• Regular interest: means interest compounded annually at such rates as shall be determined by the Board for a particular purpose in accordance with § 9-8-30. See South Carolina Code 9-8-10
• Regular interest: shall mean interest compounded annually at such rate as shall be determined by the Board in accordance with § 9-9-30. See South Carolina Code 9-9-10
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Retirement allowance: means monthly payments for life under the System payable as provided in § 9-8-80. See South Carolina Code 9-8-10
• Retirement allowance: shall mean monthly payments for life under the System payable as provided in § 9-9-80. See South Carolina Code 9-9-10
• Retirement system: means the South Carolina Retirement System, Retirement System for Judges and Solicitors, Retirement System for Members of the General Assembly, and Police Officers Retirement System established pursuant to Chapters 1, 8, 9, and 11 of this title. See South Carolina Code 9-12-10
• Revocable trust: A trust agreement that can be canceled, rescinded, revoked, or repealed by the grantor (person who establishes the trust).
• Service area: means , based on sound planning or engineering principles, or both, a defined geographic area served by a particular improvement. See South Carolina Code 6-35-20
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• Solicitor: means the person holding office as described under § 1-7-310 of the 1976 Code. See South Carolina Code 9-8-10
• State: means the State of South Carolina. See South Carolina Code 9-8-10
• State: shall mean the State of South Carolina. See South Carolina Code 9-9-10
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
• Supplemental appropriation: Budget authority provided in an appropriations act in addition to regular or continuing appropriations already provided. Supplemental appropriations generally are made to cover emergencies, such as disaster relief, or other needs deemed too urgent to be postponed until the enactment of next year's regular appropriations act.
• System: means the Retirement System for Judges and Solicitors of the State of South Carolina. See South Carolina Code 9-8-10
• System: shall mean the Retirement System for members of the General Assembly of the State of South Carolina. See South Carolina Code 9-9-10
• system: means the National Guard Retirement System established pursuant to this chapter. See South Carolina Code 9-10-10
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
• Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
• Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
• Unavailable: means either that a vacancy in office exists and there is no deputy authorized to exercise all of the powers and discharge the duties of the office, or that the lawful incumbent of the office (including any deputy exercising the powers and discharging the duties of an office because of a vacancy) and his duly authorized deputy are absent or unable to exercise the powers and discharge the duties of the office. See South Carolina Code 1-9-20