Any such assignment not filed in the office of the commissioner of public lands and approved by him shall be void as to subsequent assignees, whether for collateral security or otherwise, and as to holders of subsequent relinquishments, without notice, as to judgment or attaching creditors, from the date of the entry of such judgment or levy of such attachment, as to trustees in bankruptcy, from the date of the adjudication in bankruptcy, as to receivers, from the date of filing of the order of appointment and as to assignees for the benefit of creditors, from the date of the recording of the assignment.