North Carolina General Statutes 163-182.10. Consideration of protest by county board of elections
(a) Preliminary Consideration. – The following principles shall apply to the initial consideration of election protests by the county board of elections:
(1) The county board shall, as soon as possible after the protest is filed, meet to determine whether the protest substantially complies with N.C. Gen. Stat. § 163-182.9 and whether it establishes probable cause to believe that a violation of election law or irregularity or misconduct has occurred. If the board determines that one or both requirements are not met, the board shall dismiss the protest. The board shall notify both the protester and the State Board of Elections. The protester may file an amended protest or may appeal to the State Board. If the board determines that both requirements are met, it shall schedule a hearing.
Terms Used In North Carolina General Statutes 163-182.10
- Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
- Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
- canvass: means the entire process of determining that the votes have been counted and tabulated correctly, culminating in the authentication of the official election results. See North Carolina General Statutes 163-182.5
- Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. Source:
- Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
- following: when used by way of reference to any section of a statute, shall be construed to mean the section next preceding or next following that in which such reference is made; unless when some other section is expressly designated in such reference. See North Carolina General Statutes 12-3
- Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
- Protest: means a complaint concerning the conduct of an election which, if supported by sufficient evidence, may require remedy by one or more of the following:
- Recess: A temporary interruption of the legislative business.
- Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).
- state: when applied to the different parts of the United States, shall be construed to extend to and include the District of Columbia and the several territories, so called; and the words "United States" shall be construed to include the said district and territories and all dependencies. See North Carolina General Statutes 12-3
- Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
(2) If a protest was filed before the canvass and concerns the counting and tabulating of votes, the county board shall resolve the protest before the canvass is completed. If necessary to provide time to resolve the protest, the county board may recess the canvass meeting, but shall not delay the completion of the canvass for more than three days unless approved by the State Board of Elections. Resolution of the protest shall not delay the canvass of ballot items unaffected by the protest. The appeal of a dismissal shall not delay the canvass.
(3) If a protest concerns an irregularity other than the counting or tabulating of votes, that protest shall not delay the canvass.
(b) Notice of Hearing. – The county board shall give notice of the protest hearing to the protester, any candidate likely to be affected, any election official alleged to have acted improperly, and those persons likely to have a significant interest in the resolution of the protest. Each person given notice shall also be given a copy of the protest or a summary of its allegations. The manner of notice shall be as follows:
(1) If the protest concerns the manner in which the votes were counted or the results tabulated, the protester shall be told at the time of filing that the protest will be heard at the time of the canvass. Others shall be notified as far in advance of the canvass as time permits.
(2) If the protest concerns a matter other than the manner in which votes were counted or results tabulated, the county board shall comply with rules to be promulgated by the State Board of Elections concerning reasonable notice of the hearing.
Failure to comply with the notice requirements in this subsection shall not delay the holding of a hearing nor invalidate the results if it appears reasonably likely that all interested persons were aware of the hearing and had an opportunity to be heard.
(c) Conduct of Hearing. – The following principles shall apply to the conduct of a protest hearing before the county board of elections:
(1) The county board may allow evidence to be presented at the hearing in the form of affidavits or it may examine witnesses. The chair or any two members of the board may subpoena witnesses or documents. Each witness must be placed under oath before testifying.
(2) The county board may receive evidence at the hearing from any person with information concerning the subject of the protest. The person who made the protest shall be permitted to present allegations and introduce evidence at the hearing. Any other person to whom notice of hearing was given, if present, shall be permitted to present evidence. The board may allow evidence by affidavit. The board may permit evidence to be presented by a person to whom notice was not given, if the person apparently has a significant interest in the resolution of the protest that is not adequately represented by other participants.
(3) The hearing shall be recorded by a reporter or by mechanical means, and the full record of the hearing shall be preserved by the county board until directed otherwise by the State Board.
(d) Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law by County Board. – The county board shall make a written decision on each protest which shall state separately each of the following:
(1) Findings of fact. – The findings of fact shall be based exclusively on the evidence and on matters officially noticed. Findings of fact, if set forth in statutory language, shall be accompanied by a concise and explicit statement of the underlying facts supporting them.
(2) Conclusions of law. – The conclusions the county board may state, and their consequences for the board’s order, are as follows:
a. “The protest should be dismissed because it does not substantially comply with N.C. Gen. Stat. § 163-182.9” If the board makes this conclusion, it shall order the protest dismissed.
b. “The protest should be dismissed because there is not substantial evidence of a violation of the election law or other irregularity or misconduct.” If the county board makes this conclusion, it shall order the protest dismissed.
c. “The protest should be dismissed because there is not substantial evidence of any violation, irregularity, or misconduct sufficient to cast doubt on the results of the election.” If the county board makes this conclusion, it shall order the protest dismissed.
d. “There is substantial evidence to believe that a violation of the election law or other irregularity or misconduct did occur, and might have affected the outcome of the election, but the board is unable to finally determine the effect because the election was a multicounty election.” If the county board makes this conclusion, it shall order that the protest and the county board’s decision be sent to the State Board for action by it.
e. “There is substantial evidence to believe that a violation of the election law or other irregularity or misconduct did occur and that it was sufficiently serious to cast doubt on the apparent results of the election.” If the county board makes this conclusion, it may order any of the following as appropriate:
1. That the vote total as stated in the precinct return or result of the canvass be corrected and new results declared.
2. That votes be recounted.
3. That the protest and the county board’s decision be sent to the State Board for action by it.
4. Any other action within the authority of the county board.
(3) An order. – Depending on the conclusion reached by the county board, its order shall be as directed in subdivision (c)(2). If the county board is not able to determine what law is applicable to the Findings of Fact, it may send its findings of fact to the State Board for it to determine the applicable law.
(e) Rules by State Board of Elections. – The State Board of Elections shall promulgate rules providing for adequate notice to parties, scheduling of hearings, and the timing of deliberations and issuance of decision. (2001-398, s. 3; 2017-6, s. 3; 2018-146, s. 3.1(a), (b).)