(a) To support criminal justice services in this state, the Department of Public Safety shall establish a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) identification registration system.
Terms Used In Alaska Statutes 44.41.035
action: includes any matter or proceeding in a court, civil or criminal. See Alaska Statutes 01.10.060
Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
Donor: The person who makes a gift.
Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
municipality: means a political subdivision incorporated under the laws of the state that is a home rule or general law city, a home rule or general law borough, or a unified municipality. See Alaska Statutes 01.10.060
Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
person: includes a corporation, company, partnership, firm, association, organization, business trust, or society, as well as a natural person. See Alaska Statutes 01.10.060
Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
state: means the State of Alaska unless applied to the different parts of the United States and in the latter case it includes the District of Columbia and the territories. See Alaska Statutes 01.10.060
(b) The Department of Public Safety shall collect for inclusion into the DNA identification registration system a blood sample, oral sample, or both, from (1) a person convicted in this state of a crime against a person or a felony under Alaska Stat. Title 11, Alaska Stat. Chapter 26.05, or Alaska Stat. Chapter 28.35, or a law or ordinance with elements similar to a crime against a person or a felony under Alaska Stat. Title 11, Alaska Stat. Chapter 26.05, or Alaska Stat. Chapter 28.35, (2) a minor adjudicated as a delinquent in this state for an act committed when the minor was 16 years of age or older that would be a crime against a person or a felony under Alaska Stat. Title 11, Alaska Stat. Chapter 26.05, or Alaska Stat. Chapter 28.35 if committed by an adult, or for an act that would violate a law or ordinance with elements similar to a crime against a person or a felony under Alaska Stat. Title 11, Alaska Stat. Chapter 26.05, or Alaska Stat. Chapter 28.35 if committed by an adult, (3) a voluntary donor, (4) an anonymous DNA donor for use in forensic validation, forensic protocol development, quality control, or population or statistical data bases, (5) a person required to register as a sex offender or child kidnapper under Alaska Stat. Chapter 12.63, and (6) a person arrested for a crime against a person or a felony under Alaska Stat. Title 11, Alaska Stat. Chapter 26.05, or Alaska Stat. Chapter 28.35, or a law or ordinance with elements similar to a crime against a person or a felony under Alaska Stat. Title 11, Alaska Stat. Chapter 26.05, or Alaska Stat. Chapter 28.35. The department also may collect for inclusion into the DNA identification registration system a blood sample, oral sample, or tissue sample from crime scene evidence or from unidentified human remains. The DNA identification registration system consists of the blood, oral, or tissue samples drawn under this section, any DNA or other blood grouping tests done on those samples, and the identification data related to the samples or tests. Blood samples, oral samples, and tissue samples not subject to testing under this section, and test or identification data related to those samples, may not be entered into, or made a part of, the DNA identification registration system.(c) The Department of Public Safety may
(1) analyze DNA for law enforcement agencies; and(2) assist law enforcement officials and prosecutors in the preparation and use of DNA evidence for presentation in court.(d) Except as provided in (e) of this section, a local law enforcement agency may not establish or operate a DNA identification registration system unless
(1) the equipment and the DNA typing method of the local system are compatible with that of the state system under (a) of this section;(2) the local system is equipped to receive and answer inquiries from the department’s DNA identification registration system and transmit data to the department’s DNA identification registration system; and(3) procedure and rules for the collection, analysis, storage, expungement, and use of DNA identification data do not conflict with this section and procedures and rules applicable to the department’s DNA identification registration system.(e) Nothing in (d) of this section prohibits a local law enforcement agency from performing DNA identification analysis in individual cases to assist law enforcement officials and prosecutors in the preparation and use of DNA evidence for presentation in court.(f) The DNA identification registration system is confidential, is not a public record under Alaska Stat. § 40.25.110 – 40.25.140, and may be used only for
(1) providing DNA or other blood grouping tests for identification analysis;(2) criminal investigations, prosecutions, and identification of human remains;(3) statistical blind analysis;(4) improving the operation of the system; or(5) exoneration of the innocent.(g) A person or minor from whom a sample has been collected under this section
(1) may inspect and obtain a copy of the identification data regarding the person or minor contained within the DNA identification registration system; and(2) may request the Department of Public Safety to destroy the material in the system regarding the person or minor under the provisions described in (i) of this section.(h) The Department of Public Safety shall adopt reasonable procedures
(1) for the collection, analysis, storage, expungement, and use of the DNA identification registration system; and(2) to protect the DNA identification registration system established under this section from unauthorized access and from accidental or deliberate damage by theft, sabotage, fire, flood, wind, or power failure.(i) The Department of Public Safety shall destroy the material in the system relating to a person or minor on the written request of the person or minor, if the request is accompanied by a certified copy of a court order making the written findings required by this subsection. The court shall issue an order under this subsection if the person’s or minor’s DNA was included in the system under
(1) (b)(1) or (2) of this section, and the court order establishes that
(A) the conviction or adjudication that subjected the person to having a sample taken under this section was reversed; and(B) the person
(i) was not retried, readjudicated, or convicted or adjudicated for another crime that requires having a sample taken under this section; or(ii) after retrial, was acquitted of the crime or, after readjudication for the crime, was not found to be a delinquent, and was not convicted or adjudicated for another crime that requires a sample under this section; (2) (b)(6) of this section, and the court order establishes that
(A) the person arrested was released without being charged;(B) the criminal complaint, indictment, presentment, or information for the offense for which the person was arrested was dismissed, and a criminal complaint, indictment, presentment, or information for an offense requiring submission of a DNA sample was not refiled; or(C) the person was found by the trier of fact to be not guilty of the offense for which the person was arrested and was not convicted of another offense requiring submission of a DNA sample under (b)(1) or (2) of this section.(j) The Department of Public Safety may adopt regulations to carry out the purposes of this section.(k) The provisions of this section apply to a person or a minor from another state that this state has accepted under any interstate corrections or probation agreement or compact, regardless of whether the person or minor is confined or released, if the person was convicted of or the minor was adjudicated for an offense that is similar to an offense described in (b) of this section.(l) The Department of Public Safety may not include in the DNA identification registration system a blood sample, oral sample, or tissue sample of the victim of a crime, unless that person would otherwise be included under (b)(1) – (6) of this section.(m) The commissioner of public safety shall notify the president of the senate and the speaker of the house of representatives if, at any time after July 1, 2003, the federal government fails to pay the costs of the DNA identification registration system.(n) A juvenile or adult correctional, probation, or parole officer or a peace officer may use reasonable force to collect an oral sample for inclusion into the DNA identification registration system from a person required to submit to collection of a sample under this section, Alaska Stat. § 12.55.015 (h), 12.55.100 (d), Alaska Stat. § 33.16.150 (a), or another law.(o) A person or minor may not bring a civil action against the state or a municipality, or their employees or agents, for actions arising out of DNA collection in conformity with this section.(p) The department shall make every reasonable effort to process each sample collected from a person under (b)(1), (b)(2), (b)(5), and (b)(6) of this section and include the identification data resulting from the testing of the sample in the DNA identification registration system within 90 days after receiving the sample.(q) A DNA sample collected or placed in the DNA identification registration system that was taken or retained in good faith may be used as provided by law in a criminal investigation. Evidence obtained from a match from a data collection system may be used in a criminal prosecution or juvenile adjudication if the DNA sample was taken or retained in good faith, even if the DNA sample is later removed from the DNA identification registration system.(r) If a sample collected under (b) of this section does not contain sufficient material necessary to obtain an accurate DNA identification authorized under this section, the Department of Public Safety or other agency authorized by the Department of Public Safety may collect another sample.(s) In this section,
(1) “convicted” means that an adult, or a juvenile charged as an adult under Alaska Stat. Chapter 47.12 or a similar procedure in another jurisdiction, has entered a plea of guilty, guilty but mentally ill, or nolo contendere, or has been found guilty, or guilty but mentally ill, by a court or jury, regardless of whether the judgment was set aside under Alaska Stat. § 12.55.085 or a similar procedure in another jurisdiction or was the subject of a pardon or other executive clemency; a person is not “convicted” if the judgment against the person was reversed or vacated by a court;(2) “crime against a person” means an offense, or an attempt or solicitation to commit an offense, under Alaska Stat. Chapter 11.41;(3) “oral sample” means a sample taken from the mouth of a person that consists of saliva or tissue, or both, as is determined by the Department of Public Safety to be necessary to obtain an accurate DNA identification and to otherwise achieve the purposes of this section.
