42 USC 284l – Enhancement awards
Terms Used In 42 USC 284l
- clinical research: means patient oriented clinical research conducted with human subjects, or research on the causes and consequences of disease in human populations involving material of human origin (such as tissue specimens and cognitive phenomena) for which an investigator or colleague directly interacts with human subjects in an outpatient or inpatient setting to clarify a problem in human physiology, pathophysiology or disease, or epidemiologic or behavioral studies, outcomes research or health services research, or developing new technologies, therapeutic interventions, or clinical trials. See 42 USC 284d
- individual: shall include every infant member of the species homo sapiens who is born alive at any stage of development. See 1 USC 8
- writing: includes printing and typewriting and reproductions of visual symbols by photographing, multigraphing, mimeographing, manifolding, or otherwise. See 1 USC 1
(a) Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Awards
(1) Grants
(A) In general
The Director of the National Institutes of Health shall make grants (to be referred to as “Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Awards”) to support individual careers in clinical research at general clinical research centers or at other institutions that have the infrastructure and resources deemed appropriate for conducting patient-oriented clinical research.
(B) Use
Grants under subparagraph (A) shall be used to support clinical investigators in the early phases of their independent careers by providing salary and such other support for a period of supervised study.
(2) Applications
An application for a grant under this subsection shall be submitted by an individual scientist at such time as the Director may require.
(b) Mid-Career Investigator Awards in Patient-Oriented Research
(1) Grants
(A) In general
The Director of the National Institutes of Health shall make grants (to be referred to as “Mid-Career Investigator Awards in Patient-Oriented Research”) to support individual clinical research projects at general clinical research centers or at other institutions that have the infrastructure and resources deemed appropriate for conducting patient-oriented clinical research.
(B) Use
Grants under subparagraph (A) shall be used to provide support for mid-career level clinicians to allow such clinicians to devote time to clinical research and to act as mentors for beginning clinical investigators.
(2) Applications
An application for a grant under this subsection shall be submitted by an individual scientist at such time as the Director requires.
(c) Graduate Training in Clinical Investigation Award
(1) In general
The Director of the National Institutes of Health shall make grants (to be referred to as “Graduate Training in Clinical Investigation Awards”) to support individuals pursuing master’s or doctoral degrees in clinical investigation.
(2) Applications
An application for a grant under this subsection shall be submitted by an individual scientist at such time as the Director may require.
(3) Limitations
Grants under this subsection shall be for terms of 2 years or more and shall provide stipend, tuition, and institutional support for individual advanced degree programs in clinical investigation.
(4) Definition
As used in this subsection, the term “advanced degree programs in clinical investigation” means programs that award a master’s or Ph.D. degree in clinical investigation after 2 or more years of training in areas such as the following:
(A) Analytical methods, biostatistics, and study design.
(B) Principles of clinical pharmacology and pharmacokinetics.
(C) Clinical epidemiology.
(D) Computer data management and medical informatics.
(E) Ethical and regulatory issues.
(F) Biomedical writing.
(d) Clinical Research Curriculum Awards
(1) In general
The Director of the National Institutes of Health shall make grants (to be referred to as “Clinical Research Curriculum Awards”) to institutions for the development and support of programs of core curricula for training clinical investigators, including medical students. Such core curricula may include training in areas such as the following:
(A) Analytical methods, biostatistics, and study design.
(B) Principles of clinical pharmacology and pharmacokinetics.
(C) Clinical epidemiology.
(D) Computer data management and medical informatics.
(E) Ethical and regulatory issues.
(F) Biomedical writing.
(2) Applications
An application for a grant under this subsection shall be submitted by an individual institution or a consortium of institutions at such time as the Director may require. An institution may submit only one such application.
(3) Limitations
Grants under this subsection shall be for terms of up to 5 years and may be renewable.