Terms Used In California Codes > Food and Agricultural Code > Division 20 > Chapter 7 > Article 2 - General Provisions

• Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.
• City: includes "city and county" and "incorporated town. See California Streets and Highways Code 15
• commission: means the California Transportation Commission. See California Streets and Highways Code 22
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• County: includes "city and county. See California Streets and Highways Code 14
• Department: means the Department of Transportation of this state. See California Streets and Highways Code 20
• Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
• federal act: shall mean the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. See California Streets and Highways Code 2421
• highway: includes bridges, culverts, curbs, drains, and all works incidental to highway construction, improvement, and maintenance. See California Streets and Highways Code 23
• Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
• legislative body: means board of trustees, city council, or other governing body of a city. See California Government Code 34000
• legislative body: shall include the governing body of any district or other public corporation authorized by law to construct such public improvements. See California Streets and Highways Code 2809
• Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
• Person: means any person, firm, partnership, association, corporation, organization, limited liability company, or business trust. See California Streets and Highways Code 19
• Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
• Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
• State highway: means any highway which is acquired, laid out, constructed, improved or maintained as a State highway pursuant to constitutional or legislative authorization. See California Streets and Highways Code 24
• State Highway Account: means the State Highway Account in the State Transportation Fund. See California Streets and Highways Code 30
• Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
• taxation assessment roll: when used with reference to a county, or district or other public corporation, means the taxation assessment roll of the county, and when used with reference to a city means the assessment roll of the county in which the city is located unless a correction factor is established for the purpose of determining true value as provided for in Part 8, in which event those terms mean the taxation assessment rolls of the city. See California Streets and Highways Code 2802
• Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.