Terms Used In Louisiana Revised Statutes > Title 9 > CODE TITLE XXII > Chapter 2 > Part V - Miscellaneous Provisions

• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.
• Agency: means and includes the boards, commissions, departments, agencies, offices, officers, and other instrumentalities, or any or all of these, within the executive branch of state government which are abolished by this Title or which are transferred and placed within departments of the state government created and established or continued by this Title or transferred to and placed within the office of the governor as provided by this Title. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 36:3
• Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
• Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year.
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
• Appraisal: A determination of property value.
• Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• Assistant secretary: means the officer designated by law or by the secretary of each department to carry out the duties and functions of an office within certain departments, except an office of management and finance and the office of state police of the Department of Public Safety and Corrections. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 36:3
• Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
• Attest: means providing the following services, subject to the exceptions provided for in La. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
• Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
• Blow dry technician: means an individual who provides blow drying hair services. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:563
• Blow drying hair services: means to provide to an individual for compensation the services of beautifying, cleaning, arranging, curling, dressing, blow drying, or performing any other similar procedure intended to beautify, clean, or arrange the hair. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:563
• Board: means the State Board of Certified Public Accountants of Louisiana. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Board: means the Louisiana State Board of Cosmetology. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:563
• Board: means the board of commissioners of the Acadiana Regional Juvenile Justice District. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 15:1109
• board of examiners: means the Board of River Port Pilot Commissioners and Examiners, established in La. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:1071
• Certificate: means a certificate as a certified public accountant issued pursuant to the provisions of this Part, as follows:

              (a) An "active certificate" is granted to or renewed by an individual who has met all requirements pursuant to the provisions of this Part, including the experience requirement. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73

• Chambers: A judge's office.
• Civil proceeding: means any civil judicial action, arbitration, administrative proceeding, review panel pursuant to this Chapter, or proceeding before the State Board of Certified Public Accountants of Louisiana. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Claim: means any cause of action against a certified public accountant or firm, regardless of the legal basis of the claim, including but not limited to tort, fraud, breach of contract, or any other legal basis, arising out of any engagement to provide professional services, including but not limited to the following:

  (a)  The providing of attest services as defined in La. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:101

• Claimant: means any person having an interest or right to assert a claim, whether for himself or on behalf of another. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:101
• Clerk of court: An officer appointed by the court to work with the chief judge in overseeing the court's administration, especially to assist in managing the flow of cases through the court and to maintain court records.
• Client: means a person or entity that agrees with a licensee to receive any professional service. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Commission: means the Acadiana Regional Juvenile Justice District Commission. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 15:1109
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• Cosmetologist: means any person, who is not exempted from the provisions of this Chapter pursuant to La. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:563
• Cosmetology: means the practice of using one's hands, mechanical or electrical apparatuses, or appliances or using cosmetic preparations, antiseptics, soaps, detergents, tonics, lotions, or creams in any one or any combination of the practices of esthetics, hair dressing, and manicuring for compensation, direct or indirect, including tips. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:563
• CPA firm: means any sole proprietorship, corporation, partnership, registered limited liability partnership, limited liability company, or other form of organization issued a permit to practice in accordance with the provisions of this Part. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• CPA-Retired: means either of the following:

              (i) A licensee holding an active certificate for a minimum of twenty consecutive years, who has reached the age of fifty-five years, and is no longer an owner, partner, shareholder, member, contractor, contractee, or employee of a CPA firm. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73

• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Decedent: A deceased person.
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
• Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.
• Deputy secretary: means the officer authorized to be appointed by the secretary to serve as his principal administrative assistant. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 36:3
• Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
• Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
• distrain: as used in this Chapter shall be construed to mean the right to levy upon and seize and sell, or the levying upon or seizing and selling, of any property or rights to property of the taxpayer including goods, chattels, effects, stocks, securities, bank accounts, evidences of debt, wages, real estate and other forms of property, by the collector or his authorized assistants, for the purpose of satisfying any assessment of tax, penalty or interest due. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 47:337.57
• District: means the Acadiana Regional Juvenile Justice District. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 15:1109
• Donor: The person who makes a gift.
• Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
• estate: means a trust or estate, or fiduciary thereof. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 47:300.10
• Esthetician: means a person who practices esthetics. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:563
• Esthetics: means engaging in any one or a combination of the following practices: massaging the face or neck of a person, dyeing or trimming eyebrows, applying natural or artificial enhancements to eyelashes, hair removal by cosmetic preparations, threading, waxing, or other similar means, stimulating, cleansing, or beautifying the face, neck, arms, bust, upper body, legs, or feet of a person by any method with the aid of the hands or of any mechanical or electrical apparatus, including micro-dermabrasion, epidermabrasion, or particle exfoliation using equipment and methodology approved by the board or by the use of a cosmetic preparation; however, esthetics shall not include the diagnosis, treatment, or therapy of any dermatological condition, or the process of removing hair known as "electrolysis". See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:563
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• Facility: means any juvenile detention facility, shelter care facility, or any other similar juvenile justice facility. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 15:1109
• Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
• Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
• Good moral character: means the propensity to provide professional services in a fair, honest, and open manner and the lack of history of any dishonest or felonious acts. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Governing authority: means the governing authority of a parish. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 15:1109
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Hairdressing: means massaging, cleansing, washing, stimulating, manipulating, exercising, beautifying, or doing similar work upon the scalp of any person, including arranging, singeing, cutting or shaping, curling or waving, cleansing, shampooing, styling, bleaching, coloring, or similar work upon the hair of another person. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:563
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• instructor: means a person who teaches cosmetology for direct or indirect compensation, within a school. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:563
• Inter vivos: Transfer of property from one living person to another living person.
• Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. ^{Source: OCC}
• Joint committee: Committees including membership from both houses of teh legislature. Joint committees are usually established with narrow jurisdictions and normally lack authority to report legislation.
• Judgement: The official decision of a court finally determining the respective rights and claims of the parties to a suit.
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Jurisprudence: The study of law and the structure of the legal system.
• Lawsuit: A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty, resulting in harm to the plaintiff.
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• License: means an active certificate of certified public accountant, pursuant to Subparagraph(3)(a) of this Section, or a CPA firm's permit to practice issued in accordance with the provisions of this Part. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Licensee: means the holder of a license. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
• Manager: means a manager of a limited liability company or a limited liability partnership. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Manager: means a person responsible for supervising any facility required to be licensed as a beauty shop or salon where one or more person offers cosmetology services or engages in the practice of cosmetology. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:563
• Manicuring: means trimming, filing, decorating, shaping, sculpting, or in any way caring for the nails and skin of another person's hands or feet together with massaging the hands, arms, legs, and feet including pedicuring; however, manicuring shall not include the use of blades or graters for callous or skin removal. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:563
• Manicurist: means a person who practices manicuring. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:563
• Member: means a member of a limited liability company or a limited liability partnership. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Mobile salon: means a self-contained facility, where cosmetology is practiced for a fee, that may be moved, towed, or transported from one location to another. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:563
• Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
• Mortgagee: The person to whom property is mortgaged and who has loaned the money.
• Mortgagor: The person who pledges property to a creditor as collateral for a loan and who receives the money.
• National Bank: A bank that is subject to the supervision of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency is a bureau of the U.S. Treasury Department. A national bank can be recognized because it must have "national" or "national association" in its name. ^{Source: OCC}
• Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
• Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• Office: means each principal operational unit within a department, except the executive office of the secretary. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 36:3
• Oral argument: An opportunity for lawyers to summarize their position before the court and also to answer the judges' questions.
• Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
• Participating parish: means any parish which has entered into a participation agreement with the commission by which certain space is subleased to house juveniles from the participating parish. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 15:1109
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Peer review: means a study, appraisal, or review of one or more aspects of the professional work of a CPA firm that performs attest services by a person or persons who hold licenses and who are not affiliated with the CPA firm being reviewed. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Permit: means a permit to practice as a CPA firm issued pursuant to the provisions of this Part or pursuant to corresponding provisions of law of another state. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• person: includes a body of persons, whether incorporated or not. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 1:10
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Pilot: means a New Orleans and Baton Rouge Steamship Pilot, as designated in La. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:1041
• Pilot: means a River Port Pilot as designated in La. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:1071
• Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
• Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
• Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
• Political subdivision: means a parish, municipality, and any other unit of local government, including a school board and a special district, authorized by law to levy and collect a sales and use tax. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 47:337.6
• Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Preparation of financial statement: means an engagement by a licensee to prepare financial statements for an entity but not to perform a compilation, review, or audit with respect to those financial statements and as provided in the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' Statement on Standards for Accounting and Review Services. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
• Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
• Professional: means arising out of or related to the specialized knowledge or skills associated with CPAs. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• property: means any portion of immovable property, including servitudes and other rights in or to immovable property. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:3306
• property: means any portion of immovable property, including servitudes and other rights in or to immovable property. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:3411
• Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
• Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings.
• Report: means , when used with reference to any attest services, an opinion, report, or other form of language that states or implies an assurance as to the reliability of any financial statement or assertion. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
• Resident estate: means the estate of a decedent who at his death was domiciled in this state. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 47:300.10
• Resident trust: means a trust or a portion of a trust created by last will and testament of a decedent who at his death was domiciled in this state. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 47:300.10
• Revocable trust: A trust agreement that can be canceled, rescinded, revoked, or repealed by the grantor (person who establishes the trust).
• Right of offset: Banks' legal right to seize funds that a guarantor or debtor may have on deposit to cover a loan in default. It is also known as the right of set-off. ^{Source: OCC}
• Rule: means any rule, regulation, or other written directive of general application adopted by the board in accordance with the Administrative Procedure Act. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• salon: means any premises upon or within which cosmetology is practiced for a fee. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:563
• Satellite classroom: means a separate classroom location used as supplemental training space located under the same roof of the main school building or on the same campus as the administrative center and within at least three hundred feet of the main school building for the purpose of training an overflow of students who cannot be accommodated at the main school. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:563
• School: means any premises wherein cosmetology is taught. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:563
• Secretary: means the officer appointed by the governor as the executive head and chief administrative officer of certain departments created and provided for by this Title. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 36:3
• secretary of revenue: means the secretary of the Department of Revenue for the state of Louisiana. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 47:337.6
• secretary of revenue: when used in this Title, mean the secretary of the Department of Revenue for the state of Louisiana. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 47:1501
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• Society: means the Society of Louisiana Certified Public Accountants. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:101
• State: means any state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, Guam, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Student: means a person registered in a school authorized by the board to teach cosmetology. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:563
• Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
• substantially equivalent: means a determination by the board, or its designee, that the education, examination, and experience requirements contained in the statutes and administrative rules of another state or jurisdiction are comparable to or exceed the education, examination, and experience requirements of this state or that an individual CPA's education, examination, and experience qualifications are comparable to or exceed the education, examination, and experience requirements of this state. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Subtitle: means and includes all the Chapters in Subtitle II of this Title 47 and any other Title of the Louisiana Revised Statutes of 1950 except the provisions of Chapter 1 of Subtitle IV of Title 47 of the Louisiana Revised Statutes of 1950 and estate taxes for the assessment, collection, administration, and enforcement of taxes, fees, licenses, penalties, and interest due the state of Louisiana which have been delegated to the Department of Revenue. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 47:1501
• Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
• Taxable year: includes , in the case of a return made for a fractional part of a year under the provisions of this Chapter or under regulations prescribed by the collector, the period for which return is made. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 47:98
• Temporary restraining order: Prohibits a person from an action that is likely to cause irreparable harm. This differs from an injunction in that it may be granted immediately, without notice to the opposing party, and without a hearing. It is intended to last only until a hearing can be held.
• Testify: Answer questions in court.
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
• Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
• Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
• Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
• Undersecretary: means the officer designated to direct and be responsible for the functions of the office of management and finance of certain departments. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 36:3
• User fees: Fees charged to users of goods or services provided by the government. In levying or authorizing these fees, the legislature determines whether the revenue should go into the treasury or should be available to the agency providing the goods or services.
• Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
• Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
• Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.