(1) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (3), a physician or an individual otherwise authorized by law to provide medical treatment to a pregnant woman shall take or cause to be taken at the time of the woman’s initial examination test specimens of the woman for the purpose of performing tests for HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B, and take or cause to be taken during the third trimester of the woman’s pregnancy test specimens of the woman for the purpose of performing tests for HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis in accordance with guidelines established by the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and shall submit the specimens to a clinical laboratory approved by the department for the purpose of performing tests approved by the department for the infections described in this subsection.

  (2) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (3), if, when a woman appears at a health care facility to deliver an infant or for care in the immediate postpartum period having recently delivered an infant outside a health care facility, no record of results from the tests required under subsection (1) is readily available to the physician or individual otherwise authorized to provide care in such a setting, then the physician or individual otherwise authorized to provide care shall take or cause to be taken test specimens of the woman and shall submit the specimens to a clinical laboratory approved by the department for the purpose of performing tests approved by the department for syphilis, HIV, and hepatitis B.

  (3) Subsections (1) and (2) do not apply if, in the professional opinion of a physician, the tests are medically inadvisable or the woman does not consent to be tested. The woman may orally communicate her decision to decline the testing.

  (4) The physician or other individual described in subsections (1) and (2) shall make and retain a record showing the date the tests required under subsections (1) and (2) were ordered and the results of the tests. If the tests were not ordered by the physician or other person, the record must contain an explanation of why the tests were not ordered.

  (5) The test results and the records required under subsection (4) are not public records, but are available to a local health department and to a physician who provides medical treatment to the woman or her offspring.