Michigan Laws > Chapter 45 > Act 186 of 1989 – County Department of Solid Waste Management Act


§ 45.581	Short title
§ 45.582	Definitions
§ 45.583	Department of solid waste management; establishment; function; control; annual budget; appointment of director
§ 45.584	Solid waste system; acquisition, construction, improvement, enlargement, or extension; operation and maintenance; acquisitions outside corporate boundaries; consent; contract
§ 45.585	Solid waste service; consent of public corporation
§ 45.586	Financing and contracts; resolution; merger
§ 45.587	Methods of financing
§ 45.588	Bonds generally
§ 45.589	Contract between county and public corporation; purpose; payment of obligations; tax levy; methods of raising money; pledge; powers
§ 45.590	Special assessment roll; objection to special assessment district
§ 45.591	Validity of bonds or notes
§ 45.592	Acquisition of tangible or intangible property, rights, or processes
§ 45.593	Contract for furnishing solid waste services to public corporation; charges subject to increase; contract for purchase or sale of solid waste services or acquisition, operation, management, or use of
§ 45.594	Cost of system
§ 45.595	Failure to pay county; notice; deduction or transfer of money; legal remedies for reimbursement
§ 45.596	Proceedings to take private property

Terms Used In Michigan Laws > Chapter 45 > Act 186 of 1989 - County Department of Solid Waste Management Act

Acquire: means acquisition by any method described in section 12 or by any other method permitted by law. See Michigan Laws 45.582
Acquittal:
1. Judgement that a criminal defendant has not been proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
2. A verdict of "not guilty."
Adjourn: A motion to adjourn a legislative chamber or a committee, if passed, ends that day's session.
Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
Affiliated transmission company: means that term as defined in section 2 of the electric transmission line certification act, 1995 PA 30, MCL 460. See Michigan Laws 460.1303
Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
Anaerobic digester: means a device for optimizing the anaerobic digestion of biomass for the purpose of recovering biofuel for energy production. See Michigan Laws 460.933
Anaerobic digester energy system: means an anaerobic digester and the devices used to generate electricity or heat from biogas produced by the anaerobic digester or to store the biogas for the future generation of electricity or heat. See Michigan Laws 460.933
annual meeting: when applied to townships, mean the annual meeting required by law to be held on the Saturday immediately preceding the first Monday in April. See Michigan Laws 8.3d
Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
Antenna: means communications equipment that transmits or receives electromagnetic radio frequency signals used in the provision of wireless services. See Michigan Laws 460.1303
Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
Applicable codes: means uniform building, fire, electrical, plumbing, or mechanical codes adopted under the Stille-DeRossett-Hale single state construction code act, 1972 PA 230, MCL 125. See Michigan Laws 460.1303
Applicant: means a wireless provider that submits an application described in this act. See Michigan Laws 460.1303
Appraisal: A determination of property value.
Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
Arraignment: A proceeding in which an individual who is accused of committing a crime is brought into court, told of the charges, and asked to plead guilty or not guilty.
Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
Attaching entity: means a public or private party or entity, other than the municipally owned electric utility, that, pursuant to an agreement with the municipally owned electric utility, places a wire or cable attachment on a nonauthority pole or related infrastructure within the communication space. See Michigan Laws 460.1303
Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
Authority pole: means a utility pole owned or operated by an authority and located in the ROW. See Michigan Laws 460.1303
Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
Baseline: Projection of the receipts, outlays, and other budget amounts that would ensue in the future without any change in existing policy. Baseline projections are used to gauge the extent to which proposed legislation, if enacted into law, would alter current spending and revenue levels.
Charity: An agency, institution, or organization in existence and operating for the benefit of an indefinite number of persons and conducted for educational, religious, scientific, medical, or other beneficent purposes.
Chief judge: The judge who has primary responsibility for the administration of a court but also decides cases; chief judges are determined by seniority.
Circuit court: includes a unified trial court having jurisdiction over probationers. See Michigan Laws 771A.2
Clerk: means the clerk or a deputy clerk of the court. See Michigan Laws 761.1
Colocate: means to install, mount, maintain, modify, operate, or replace wireless facilities on or adjacent to a wireless support structure or utility pole. See Michigan Laws 460.1305
common carrier: as used in this act shall be construed to mean and embrace all corporations, companies, individuals, associations of individuals, their lessees, trustees or receivers appointed by any court whatsoever who now or may hereafter own, operate, manage or control as a common carrier in this state, any railroad or part of any railroad, whether operated by steam, electricity or other motive power, or cars or any other equipment used thereon, or bridges, switches, spurs, tracks, sidetracks, terminal facilities, or any docks, wharves or storage elevators used in connection therewith or any kind of terminal facilities used or necessary in the transportation of persons or property designated herein, and also all freight depots, yards and grounds used or necessary for the transportation or delivery of any said property and whether the same are owned by said railroad or otherwise; or any express company, car loaning companies, freight or freight line companies and all associations or persons, whether incorporated or otherwise, that shall do business as common carriers upon or over any line of railroads in this state, or any common carrier engaged in the transportation of passengers and property wholly by rail or partly by rail and partly by water. See Michigan Laws 462.3
Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
Communication space: means that term as defined in the "National Electric Safety Code" published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. See Michigan Laws 460.1305
Communications facility: means the set of equipment and network components, including wires, cables, antennas, and associated facilities, used by a communications service provider to provide communications service. See Michigan Laws 460.1305
Communications service: means service provided over a communications facility, including cable service as defined in 47 USC 522, information service as defined in 47 USC 153, telecommunications service as defined in 47 USC 153, or wireless service. See Michigan Laws 460.1305
Complaint: means a written accusation, under oath or upon affirmation, that a felony, misdemeanor, or ordinance violation has been committed and that the person named or described in the accusation is guilty of the offense. See Michigan Laws 761.1
Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
counseling: means the rendering to individuals, groups, families, organizations, or the general public in accordance with accepted and established ethics a service involving clinical counseling principles, methods, or procedures for the purpose of achieving social, personal, career, and emotional development and with the goal of promoting and enhancing healthy self-actualizing and satisfying lifestyles whether the services are rendered in an educational, business, health, private practice, or human services setting. See Michigan Laws 333.18101
County: means a county organized under Act No. See Michigan Laws 45.582
County juvenile agency: means that term as defined in section 2 of the county juvenile agency act, 1998 PA 518, MCL 45. See Michigan Laws 780.752
County juvenile agency: means that term as defined in section 2 of the county juvenile agency act, 1998 PA 518, MCL 45. See Michigan Laws 780.781
County road commission: means that term as defined in section 19b of 1909 PA 283, MCL 224. See Michigan Laws 460.1305
Court: means the family division of circuit court. See Michigan Laws 780.781
Court reporter: A person who makes a word-for-word record of what is said in court and produces a transcript of the proceedings upon request.
Crime: means a violation of a penal law of this state for which the offender, upon conviction, may be punished by imprisonment for more than 1 year or an offense expressly designated by law as a felony. See Michigan Laws 780.752
Crime victim services commission: means that term as described in section 2 of 1976 PA 223, MCL 18. See Michigan Laws 780.752
Crime victim services commission: means that term as described in section 2 of 1976 PA 223, MCL 18. See Michigan Laws 780.781
Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
Decedent: A deceased person.
Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
Defendant: means a person charged with, convicted of, or found not guilty by reason of insanity of committing a crime against a victim. See Michigan Laws 780.752
Department: means the department of energy, labor, and economic growth. See Michigan Laws 460.911
Department of solid waste management: means the department of solid waste management provided for in section 3. See Michigan Laws 45.582
Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
Designated case: means a case designated as a case in which the juvenile is to be tried in the same manner as an adult under section 2d of chapter XIIA of the probate code of 1939, 1939 PA 288, MCL 712A. See Michigan Laws 780.781
Devise: To gift property by will.
Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
District: means a district created under a property assessed clean energy program by a local unit of government that lies within the local unit of government's jurisdictional boundaries. See Michigan Laws 460.933
District: means a district created under a clean energy program by a municipality. See Michigan Laws 460.963
Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
Donor: The person who makes a gift.
Election: means an election or primary election at which the electors of this state or of a subdivision of this state choose or nominate by ballot an individual for public office or decide a ballot question lawfully submitted to them. See Michigan Laws 168.2
Embezzlement: In most states, embezzlement is defined as theft/larceny of assets (money or property) by a person in a position of trust or responsibility over those assets. Embezzlement typically occurs in the employment and corporate settings. ^{Source: OCC}
Energy efficiency improvement: means equipment, devices, or materials intended to decrease energy consumption, including, but not limited to, all of the following:

(i) Insulation in walls, roofs, floors, foundations, or heating and cooling distribution systems. See Michigan Laws 460.933

Energy efficiency improvement: means equipment, devices, or materials intended to decrease energy consumption, including, but not limited to, all of the following:

(i) Insulation in walls, roofs, floors, foundations, or heating and cooling distribution systems. See Michigan Laws 460.963

Energy project: means the installation or modification of an energy efficiency improvement or the acquisition, installation, or improvement of a renewable energy system or anaerobic digester energy system. See Michigan Laws 460.933

Energy project: means the installation or modification of an energy efficiency improvement or the acquisition, installation, or improvement of a renewable energy system. See Michigan Laws 460.963

Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}

Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.

Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.

Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent

Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.

FCC: means the Federal Communications Commission. See Michigan Laws 460.1305

Fee: means a nonrecurring charge for services. See Michigan Laws 460.1305

Felony: means a violation of a penal law of this state for which the offender, upon conviction, may be punished by imprisonment for more than 1 year or an offense expressly designated by law to be a felony. See Michigan Laws 761.1

Final disposition: means the ultimate termination of the criminal prosecution of a defendant including, but not limited to, dismissal, acquittal, or imposition of sentence by the court. See Michigan Laws 780.752

firearm: except as otherwise specifically defined in statute, includes any weapon which will, is designed to, or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by action of an explosive. See Michigan Laws 8.3t

Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.

Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.

Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. ^{Source: OCC}

Fund: means the energy efficiency and renewable energy revolving loan fund created in section 2. See Michigan Laws 460.911

general November election: means the election held on the November regular election date in an even numbered year. See Michigan Laws 168.2

Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.

Governing body: means , for a county, the county board of commissioners; for a city, the council, commission, or other body having legislative powers; for a village, the council, commission board of trustees, or other body having legislative powers; for a general law or charter township, the township board; and for a district or an authority, the body having general governing powers. See Michigan Laws 45.582

Governing body: means the county board of commissioners of a county, the township board of a township, or the council or other similar elected legislative body of a city or village. See Michigan Laws 460.933

Governing body: means the township board of a township or the council or other similar elected legislative body of a city or village. See Michigan Laws 460.963

Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.

Habeas corpus: A writ that is usually used to bring a prisoner before the court to determine the legality of his imprisonment. It may also be used to bring a person in custody before the court to give testimony, or to be prosecuted.

Historic district: means a historic district established under section 3 of the local historic districts act, 1970 PA 169, MCL 399. See Michigan Laws 460.1305

Home energy audit: means an evaluation of the energy performance of a residential structure, by a qualified person using building-performance diagnostic equipment and complying with American national standards institute approved home energy audit standards, that meets both of the following requirements:

(i) Determines how best to optimize energy performance while maintaining or improving human comfort, health, and safety and the durability of the structure. See Michigan Laws 460.963

Hospital: means that term as defined in section 100b of the mental health code, 1974 PA 258, MCL 330. See Michigan Laws 780.752

in writing: shall be construed to include printing, engraving, and lithographing; except that if the written signature of a person is required by law, the signature shall be the proper handwriting of the person or, if the person is unable to write, the person's proper mark, which may be, unless otherwise expressly prohibited by law, a clear and classifiable fingerprint of the person made with ink or another substance. See Michigan Laws 8.3q

Independent transmission company: means that term as defined in section 2 of the electric transmission line certification act, 1995 PA 30, MCL 460. See Michigan Laws 460.1305

Indictment: means 1 or more of the following:

(i) An indictment. See Michigan Laws 761.1

Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.

Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.

Intangible property: Property that has no intrinsic value, but is merely the evidence of value such as stock certificates, bonds, and promissory notes.

Judicial district: means the following:

(i) With regard to the circuit court, the county. See Michigan Laws 761.1

Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.

Juror: A person who is on the jury.

Juvenile: means a person within the jurisdiction of the circuit court under section 606 of the revised judicature act of 1961, 1961 PA 236, MCL 600. See Michigan Laws 780.752

Juvenile: means an individual alleged or found to be within the court's jurisdiction under section 2(a)(1) of chapter XIIA of the probate code of 1939, 1939 PA 288, MCL 712A. See Michigan Laws 780.781

Juvenile facility: means a county facility, institution operated as an agency of the county or the family division of circuit court, or an institution or agency described in the youth rehabilitation services act, 1974 PA 150, MCL 803. See Michigan Laws 780.752

Juvenile facility: means a county facility, an institution operated as an agency of the county or the court, or an institution or agency described in the youth rehabilitation services act, 1974 PA 150, MCL 803. See Michigan Laws 780.781

Law: means federal, state, or local law, including common law, a statute, a rule, a regulation, an order, or an ordinance. See Michigan Laws 460.1307

Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}

Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.

Licensed professional counselor: means an individual who is licensed under this article to engage in the practice of counseling without supervision. See Michigan Laws 333.18101

Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.

Limited licensed counselor: means an individual who has been granted a limited license under this article to engage in the practice of counseling under the supervision of a licensed professional counselor who meets the requirement of section 18106. See Michigan Laws 333.18101

Local unit of government: means a county, township, city, or village. See Michigan Laws 460.933

Magistrate: means a judge of the district court or a judge of a municipal court. See Michigan Laws 761.1

major controlled substance offense: means either or both of the following:

(a) A violation of section 7401(2)(a) of the public health code, Act No. See Michigan Laws 761.2

Majority leader: see Floor Leaders

Make-ready work: means work necessary to enable an authority pole or utility pole to support collocation, which may include modification or replacement of utility poles or modification of lines. See Michigan Laws 460.1307

Micro wireless facility: means a small cell wireless facility that is not more than 24 inches in length, 15 inches in width, and 12 inches in height and that does not have an exterior antenna more than 11 inches in length. See Michigan Laws 460.1307

Minor offense: means a misdemeanor or ordinance violation for which the maximum permissible imprisonment does not exceed 92 days and the maximum permissible fine does not exceed $1,000. See Michigan Laws 761.1

Misdemeanor: means a violation of a penal law of this state that is not a felony or a violation of an order, rule, or regulation of a state agency that is punishable by imprisonment or a fine that is not a civil fine. See Michigan Laws 761.1

month: means a calendar month; the word "year" a calendar year; and the word "year" alone shall be equivalent to the words "year of our Lord". See Michigan Laws 8.3j

Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.

MPSC: means the Michigan Public Service Commission created in section 1 of 1939 PA 3, MCL 460. See Michigan Laws 460.1307

Municipality: means a city, village, or township, all or some of whose residents are served by a municipal electric utility. See Michigan Laws 460.963

Municipally owned electric utility: means a system owned by a municipality or combination of municipalities to furnish power or light and includes a cooperative electric utility that, on or after the effective date of this act, acquired all or substantially all of the assets of a municipal electric utility, when applying this act to the former territory of the municipal electric utility. See Michigan Laws 460.1307

Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.

Nonauthority pole: means a utility pole used for electric delivery service and controlled by the governing body of a municipally owned electric utility. See Michigan Laws 460.1307

Oath: A promise to tell the truth.

oath: shall be construed to include the word "affirmation" in all cases where by law an affirmation may be substituted for an oath; and in like cases the word "sworn" shall be construed to include the word "affirmed". See Michigan Laws 8.3k

Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.

Offense: means 1 or more of the following:

(i) A violation of a penal law of this state for which a juvenile offender, if convicted as an adult, may be punished by imprisonment for more than 1 year or an offense expressly designated by law as a felony. See Michigan Laws 780.781

Ordinance violation: means either of the following:

(i) A violation of an ordinance or charter of a city, village, township, or county that is punishable by imprisonment or a fine that is not a civil fine. See Michigan Laws 761.1

Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.

Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.

Person: means an individual, firm, partnership, association, corporation, unincorporated joint venture, or trust, organized, permitted, or existing under the laws of this state or any other state, including a federal corporation, or a combination thereof. See Michigan Laws 460.933

Person: means an individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association, trust, or other entity or organization, including an authority. See Michigan Laws 460.1307

Person: means an individual, organization, partnership, corporation, or governmental entity. See Michigan Laws 780.752

Person: means an individual, organization, partnership, corporation, or governmental entity. See Michigan Laws 780.781

person: may extend and be applied to bodies politic and corporate, as well as to individuals. See Michigan Laws 8.3l

Personal property: All property that is not real property.

Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.

Practice of psychology: means the rendering to individuals, groups, organizations, or the public of services involving the application of principles, methods, and procedures of understanding, predicting, and influencing behavior for the purposes of the diagnosis, assessment related to diagnosis, prevention, amelioration, or treatment of mental or emotional disorders, disabilities or behavioral adjustment problems by means of psychotherapy, counseling, behavior modification, hypnosis, biofeedback techniques, psychological tests, or other verbal or behavioral means. See Michigan Laws 333.18201

Preliminary hearing: A hearing where the judge decides whether there is enough evidence to make the defendant have a trial.

Presentence report: A report prepared by a court's probation officer, after a person has been convicted of an offense, summarizing for the court the background information needed to determine the appropriate sentence. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}

Prisoner: means a person who has been convicted and sentenced to imprisonment or placement in a juvenile facility for having committed a crime or an act that would be a crime if committed by an adult against a victim. See Michigan Laws 780.752

Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.

Probate: Proving a will

Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.

Probationer: means an individual placed on probation for committing a felony. See Michigan Laws 771A.2

program: means a program as described in section 5(2). See Michigan Laws 460.933

program: means a program as described in section 5(2). See Michigan Laws 460.963

Property: includes any matter or thing upon or in respect to which an offense may be committed. See Michigan Laws 761.1

Property: means privately owned commercial or industrial real property located within the local unit of government. See Michigan Laws 460.933

Property: means privately owned residential real property located within the municipality. See Michigan Laws 460.963

Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.

Prosecuting attorney: means the prosecuting attorney for a county, an assistant prosecuting attorney for a county, the attorney general, the deputy attorney general, an assistant attorney general, a special prosecuting attorney, or, in connection with the prosecution of an ordinance violation, an attorney for the political subdivision or governmental entity that enacted the ordinance, charter, rule, or regulation upon which the ordinance violation is based. See Michigan Laws 761.1

Prosecuting attorney: means the prosecuting attorney for a county, an assistant prosecuting attorney for a county, the attorney general, the deputy attorney general, an assistant attorney general, a special prosecuting attorney, or, in connection with the prosecution of an ordinance violation, an attorney for the political subdivision that enacted the ordinance upon which the violation is based. See Michigan Laws 780.781

Psychologist: means an individual who is licensed or authorized under this article to engage in the practice of psychology. See Michigan Laws 333.18201

Public corporation: means any county however organized, a city, village, township, charter township, district, or authority existing under the laws of this state. See Michigan Laws 45.582

Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.

Qualified program: means any of the following:

(i) A program that is accredited by the Council for the Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs, includes coursework and training in the diagnosis and treatment of mental and emotional disorders, and is approved by the department in consultation with the board. See Michigan Laws 333.18101

Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.

railroad: as used in this act shall be construed to mean all railroads, whether operated by steam, electric or other motive power: Provided, That the provision of this act shall not apply to any logging or other private railroad not doing business as a common carrier: Provided further, Nothing in this act contained shall be construed to authorize the commission to interfere with, lessen or impair or to authorize the impairment of any franchise provision, contract or agreement as to rate of fare now existing between any municipality, city, village, or township and any tram railway, street railway, interurban or suburban railway company, or to increase or lessen the rate of fare fixed by such franchise, contract or agreement, or to deprive any tram railway, street railway, interurban or suburban railway company of the right to charge for the carriage of passengers the rate of fare authorized and fixed by any franchise, grant or contract made or entered into between any municipality, city, village or township and any such tram railway, street railway, interurban or suburban railway company; Provided further, That nothing in this act contained shall apply to street and electric railroads engaged solely in the transportation of passengers within the limits of cities or within a distance of 5 miles of the boundaries thereof. See Michigan Laws 462.3

Rate: means a recurring charge. See Michigan Laws 460.1307

Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.

Recidivism: means any rearrest, reconviction, or reincarceration in prison or jail for a felony or misdemeanor offense or a probation or parole violation of an individual as measured first after 3 years and again after 5 years from the date of his or her release from incarceration, placement on probation, or conviction, whichever is later. See Michigan Laws 761.1

Record owner: means the person or persons possessed of the most recent fee title or land contract vendee's interest in property as shown by the records of the county register of deeds. See Michigan Laws 460.933

Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. ^{Source: FDIC}

Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.

Renewable energy resource: means a resource that naturally replenishes over a human, not a geological, time frame and that is ultimately derived from solar power, water power, or wind power. See Michigan Laws 460.933

Renewable energy system: means a fixture, product, device, or interacting group of fixtures, products, or devices on the customer's side of the meter that use 1 or more renewable energy resources to generate electricity. See Michigan Laws 460.933

Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).

Residence: as used in this act , for registration and voting purposes means that place at which a person habitually sleeps, keeps his or her personal effects, and has a regular place of lodging. See Michigan Laws 168.11

Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.

ROW: means the area on, below, or above a public roadway, highway, street, alley, bridge, sidewalk, or utility easement dedicated for compatible uses. See Michigan Laws 460.1307

seal: shall be construed to include any of the following:

(a) The impression of the seal on the paper alone. See Michigan Laws 8.3n

seal: means a seal of high tensile strength that is approved by the secretary of state under section 36. See Michigan Laws 168.14a

shall not apply: means that the pertinent provision is not operative as to certain persons or things or in conjunction with a particular date or dates. See Michigan Laws 8.4c

Small cell wireless facility: means a wireless facility that meets both of the following requirements:

(i) Each antenna is located inside an enclosure of not more than 6 cubic feet in volume or, in the case of an antenna that has exposed elements, the antenna and all of its exposed elements would fit within an imaginary enclosure of not more than 6 cubic feet. See Michigan Laws 460.1307

Solid waste: means putrescible and nonputrescible solid wastes, except body wastes, and includes garbage, rubbish, ashes, incinerator ash, incinerator residue, street cleanings, municipal and industrial sludges, commercial and industrial wastes, and any other wastes described in a solid waste management plan or an update of a solid waste management plan approved pursuant to part 115 of Act No. See Michigan Laws 45.582

Solid waste management plan: means the solid waste management plan of a county provided for in part 115 of Act No. See Michigan Laws 45.582

state: when applied to the different parts of the United States, shall be construed to extend to and include the District of Columbia and the several territories belonging to the United States; and the words "United States" shall be construed to include the district and territories. See Michigan Laws 8.3o

Statute: A law passed by a legislature.

Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.

Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.

system: means all plants, works, instrumentalities, properties, rights, processes, and contracts used or useful in connection with the collection, transportation, recycling, processing, storing, or disposing, by treatment, incineration, or otherwise, of solid waste, or as may be provided in a solid waste management plan or update of a solid waste management plan approved for a county pursuant to part 115 (solid waste management) of the natural resources and environmental protection act, Act No. See Michigan Laws 45.582

Testify: Answer questions in court.

Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.

Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.

transportation: shall include cars and other vehicles and all instrumentalities and facilities of shipment, or carriage, irrespective of ownership, or of any contract expressed or implied for the use thereof, and all services in connection with the receipt, delivery, elevation, switching and transfer in transit, ventilation, refrigeration or icing, storage and handling of persons or property transported. See Michigan Laws 462.3

Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.

Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.

United States: shall be construed to include the district and territories. See Michigan Laws 8.3o

Utility pole: means a pole or similar structure that is or may be used in whole or in part for cable or wireline communications service, electric distribution, lighting, traffic control, signage, or a similar function, or a pole or similar structure that meets the height requirements in section 13(5) and is designed to support small cell wireless facilities. See Michigan Laws 460.1309

Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.

Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.

Victim: means any of the following:

(i) An individual who suffers direct or threatened physical, financial, or emotional harm as a result of the commission of a crime, except as provided in subparagraph (ii), (iii), (iv), or (v). See Michigan Laws 780.752

Victim: means any of the following:

(i) A person who suffers direct or threatened physical, financial, or emotional harm as a result of the commission of an offense, except as provided in subparagraph (ii), (iii), (iv), or (v). See Michigan Laws 780.781

Wireless facility: means equipment at a fixed location that enables the provision of wireless services between user equipment and a communications network, including, but not limited to, radio transceivers, antennas, coaxial or fiber-optic cable, regular and backup power supplies, and comparable equipment, regardless of technological configuration. See Michigan Laws 460.1309

Wireless infrastructure provider: means any person, including a person authorized to provide telecommunications services in this state but not including a wireless services provider, that builds or installs wireless communication transmission equipment, wireless facilities, or wireless support structures and who, when filing an application with an authority under this act, provides written authorization to perform the work on behalf of a wireless services provider. See Michigan Laws 460.1309

Wireless provider: means a wireless infrastructure provider or a wireless services provider. See Michigan Laws 460.1309

Wireless services: means any services, provided using licensed or unlicensed spectrum, including the use of Wi-Fi, whether at a fixed location or mobile. See Michigan Laws 460.1309

Wireless services provider: means a person that provides wireless services. See Michigan Laws 460.1309

Wireless support structure: means a freestanding structure designed to support or capable of supporting small cell wireless facilities. See Michigan Laws 460.1309

Wireline backhaul facility: means a facility used to transport services by wire or fiber-optic cable from a wireless facility to a network. See Michigan Laws 460.1309