Terms Used In South Carolina Code > Title 47 > Chapter 9 - Livestock Generally

• Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Affixed: means that the manufactured home is installed in accordance with the state required installation standards, with wheels, axles, and towing hitch removed, and with the owner of the home having an intention that the manufactured home becomes an improvement to the real property whereon it is situated as evidenced by the filing of the affidavits provided in this article. See South Carolina Code 56-19-500
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
• Attorney-in-fact: A person who, acting as an agent, is given written authorization by another person to transact business for him (her) out of court.
• Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
• Board: means the State Board of Physical Therapy Examiners. See South Carolina Code 40-45-20
• Charity: An agency, institution, or organization in existence and operating for the benefit of an indefinite number of persons and conducted for educational, religious, scientific, medical, or other beneficent purposes.
• Clerk of court: An officer appointed by the court to work with the chief judge in overseeing the court's administration, especially to assist in managing the flow of cases through the court and to maintain court records.
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Contractor: means designated agent or the party with which the Department of Motor Vehicles contracts pursuant to § 56-10-640. See South Carolina Code 56-10-620
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Data management system: includes , but shall not be limited to, dealership management systems and customer relations management systems. See South Carolina Code 56-15-10
• Database: means the motorist insurance database described in § 56-10-640. See South Carolina Code 56-10-620
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Department: means the Department of Labor, Licensing and Regulation;
  
  (5) "Director" means the Director of the Department of Labor, Licensing and Regulation or the director's official designee;
  
  (6) "Licensee" means a person granted an authorization to practice pursuant to this article and refers to a person holding a license, permit, certification, or registration granted pursuant to this article;
  
  (7) "Licensing act" means the individual statute or regulations, or both, of each regulated profession or occupation which include, but are not limited to, board governance, the qualifications and requirements for authorization to practice, prohibitions, and disciplinary procedures;
  
  (8) "Person" means an individual, partnership, or corporation;
  
  (9) "Profession" or "occupation" means a profession or occupation regulated or administered, or both, by the department pursuant to this article. See South Carolina Code 40-1-20
• Department: means the Department of Motor Vehicles. See South Carolina Code 56-10-620
• Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
• Division: means the Department of Motor Vehicles. See South Carolina Code 56-10-620
• Donor: The person who makes a gift.
• Due cause: means a material breach by a dealer of a lawful provision of a franchise or selling agreement that is not cured within a reasonable period of time after being given prior written notice of the specific material breach. See South Carolina Code 56-15-10
• Engages in an equine activity: means riding, training, providing, or assisting in providing medical treatment of, driving, or being a passenger upon an equine, mounted or unmounted, or a person assisting a participant or show management. See South Carolina Code 47-9-710
• Equine: means a horse, pony, mule, donkey, or hinny. See South Carolina Code 47-9-710
• Equine activity: means :
  
  (a) an equine show, fair, competition, performance, parade, or trail riding that involves a breed of equine and an equine discipline, including, but not limited to, dressage, hunter and jumper horse shows, grand prix jumping, three-day events, combined training, rodeos, driving, pulling, cutting, polo, steeplechasing, English and Western performance riding, trail riding and Western games, and hunting. See South Carolina Code 47-9-710
• Equine activity sponsor: means an individual, a group, a club, a partnership, or a corporation, whether the sponsor is operating for profit or nonprofit, which sponsors, organizes, or provides the facilities for an equine activity, including, but not limited to, a pony club, 4-H club, hunt club, riding club, school and college-sponsored class, program, and activity, therapeutic riding program, and an operator, instructor, and promoter of an equine facility, including, but not limited to, a stable, clubhouse, ponyride string, fair, and an arena at which the activity is held or a landowner who has given permission for the use of his land in an equine activity either by easement or other means. See South Carolina Code 47-9-710
• Equine professional: means a person engaged for compensation in:
  
  (a) instructing a participant or renting to a participant an equine for the purpose of riding, driving, or being a passenger upon the equine;
  
  (b) renting equipment or tack to a participant; or
  
  (c) examining or administering medical treatment to an equine as a veterinarian. See South Carolina Code 47-9-710
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
• Fee simple: Absolute title to property with no limitations or restrictions regarding the person who may inherit it.
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
• Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it.
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Homeowner: means , when referring to a manufactured home for which a title certificate is issued as required by § 56-19-210, the person identified on the title certificate as the owner of the "manufactured home". See South Carolina Code 56-19-500
• Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Inherent risk of equine activity: means those dangers or conditions which are an integral part of equine activities, including, but not limited to:
  
  (a) the propensity of an equine to behave in ways that may result in injury, harm, or death to a person on or around the equine;
  
  (b) the unpredictability of an equine's reaction to sound, sudden movement, an unfamiliar object, a person, or another animal;
  
  (c) certain hazards such as surface and subsurface conditions;
  
  (d) collisions with other equines or objects; and
  
  (e) the potential of a participant to act in a negligent manner that may contribute to injury to the participant or others, as failing to maintain control over the animal or not acting within the participant's ability. See South Carolina Code 47-9-710
• insured motor vehicle: means a motor vehicle as to which there is maintained the security required by § 56-10-20. See South Carolina Code 56-10-210
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
• Livestock: includes neat cattle, horses, mules, asses, hogs, sheep and goats; and
  
  (2) "Owner" and "stock owner" mean any person who owns livestock. See South Carolina Code 47-9-210
• Manufactured home: means a "mobile home" as defined by law or a structure, transportable in one or more sections, which (a) in the traveling mode is eight body feet or more in width, or forty body feet or more in length, or (b) when erected on site, is three hundred twenty or more square feet, and which is built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling with or without a permanent foundation when connected to the required utilities, and includes the plumbing, heating, air conditioning, and electrical systems contained in it. See South Carolina Code 56-19-500
• Markup: The process by which congressional committees and subcommittees debate, amend, and rewrite proposed legislation.
• Material breach: means a contract violation that is substantial and significant. See South Carolina Code 56-15-10
• Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
• Mortgagor: The person who pledges property to a creditor as collateral for a loan and who receives the money.
• motor carrier: means every person who operates or causes to be operated on any highways in this State road tractors, truck tractors, trucks having more than two axles, or passenger vehicles designed to seat more than twenty occupants. See South Carolina Code 56-11-10
• Motor vehicle: means any motor driven vehicle required to be registered pursuant to § 56-3-110. See South Carolina Code 56-15-10
• New motor vehicle dealer: means a dealer that:
  
  (1) buys, sells, exchanges, offers, or attempts to negotiate a sale or exchange of an interest in new, or new and used, motor vehicles; or
  
  (2) engages, wholly or in part, in the business of selling new, or new and used, motor vehicles. See South Carolina Code 56-15-10
• Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
• Owner: means , when referring to a manufactured home for which the title certificate has been retired either pursuant to the procedure utilized before the effective date of this article by the department or pursuant to this article, the person who owns the real property or has a recorded leasehold estate of thirty-five or more years on the real property upon which the manufactured home has become affixed and the instrument creating the leasehold estate authorizes the lessee to encumber the real property with a lien. See South Carolina Code 56-19-500
• Participant: means a person, amateur or professional, who engages in an equine activity, whether or not a fee is paid to participate in the equine activity. See South Carolina Code 47-9-710
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Person: means an individual. See South Carolina Code 40-45-20
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Physical therapist: means a person who has met all the conditions of this chapter and is licensed in this State to practice physical therapy. See South Carolina Code 40-45-20
• Physical therapist assistant: means a person who is licensed by the board to assist a physical therapist in the practice of physical therapy and whose activities are supervised and directed by a physical therapist whose license is in good standing. See South Carolina Code 40-45-20
• physical therapy: as used in this chapter , and nothing in this chapter shall be construed to authorize a physical therapist to prescribe medications or order laboratory or other medical tests. See South Carolina Code 40-45-20
• Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
• Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
• Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
• practice of physical therapy: means the evaluation and treatment of human beings to detect, assess, prevent, correct, alleviate, and limit physical disability, bodily malfunction, and pain from injury, disease, and any other bodily or mental condition and includes the administration, interpretation, documentation, and evaluation of physical therapy tests and measurements of bodily functions and structures; the establishment, administration, evaluation, and modification of a physical therapy treatment plan which includes the use of physical, chemical, or mechanical agents, activities, instruction, and devices for prevention and therapeutic purposes; and the provision of consultation and educational and other advisory services for the purpose of preventing or reducing the incidence and severity of physical disability, bodily malfunction, and pain. See South Carolina Code 40-45-20
• Program: means the motorist insurance database program created in § 56-10-640. See South Carolina Code 56-10-620
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Relevant market area: means :
  
  (1) an area within a ten mile radius around an existing dealer, for purposes of the relocation of an existing dealership; and
  
  (2) an area within a fifteen mile radius around an existing dealer, for purposes of the addition of a new dealer to the market. See South Carolina Code 56-15-10
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Retire the title certificate: means to cancel through the procedure established by this article an existing manufactured home title certificate issued by this State. See South Carolina Code 56-19-500
• Sale: shall include the issuance, transfer, agreement for transfer, exchange, pledge, hypothecation, mortgage in any form, whether by transfer in trust or otherwise, of any motor vehicle or interest therein or of any franchise related thereto; and any option, lease, subscription or other contract, or solicitation, looking to a sale, or offer or attempt to sell in any form, whether spoken or written. See South Carolina Code 56-15-10
• Secured party: means any lienholder identified on the title certificate of a manufactured home, or the lender securing a loan through a mortgage, deed of trust, or real estate contract when referring to real property or real property to which a manufactured home has been affixed and the title certificate retired. See South Carolina Code 56-19-500
• Security interest: means an interest in property to secure payment of a loan made by a secured party to a borrower or a lien created by operation of law. See South Carolina Code 56-19-500
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• Sever: means to physically remove the manufactured home from the real property to which it is affixed. See South Carolina Code 56-19-500
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
• Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
• Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
• Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
• Wholesale motor vehicle auction: is a n entity in the business of providing auction services in wholesale transactions at its established place of business, and which does not buy, sell, or own the motor vehicles it auctions in the ordinary course of its business. See South Carolina Code 56-15-510