Terms Used In California Codes > Food and Agricultural Code > Division 7 > Chapter 4

• Access: means the ability to receive, use, select, and manipulate data and operate controls included in voting technology and systems. See California Government Code 18979
• Acquire: includes purchase, condemnation, lease, and gift. See California Government Code 19243.2
• action taken: means a collective decision made by a majority of the members of a legislative body, a collective commitment or promise by a majority of the members of a legislative body to make a positive or a negative decision, or an actual vote by a majority of the members of a legislative body when sitting as a body or entity, upon a motion, proposal, resolution, order or ordinance. See California Government Code 32023
• Adjourn: A motion to adjourn a legislative chamber or a committee, if passed, ends that day's session.
• adverse action: means dismissal, demotion, suspension, or other disciplinary action. See California Government Code 19570
• Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.
• Allegation: something that someone says happened.
• Appraisal: A determination of property value.
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• Association: means any corporation organized under this part. See California Education Code 44832
• Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
• Attorney-at-law: A person who is legally qualified and licensed to practice law, and to represent and act for clients in legal proceedings.
• Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
• ballot: means any of the following:

  California Education Code 88078

• Ballot card: means a card or a number of cards upon which are printed, or identified by reference to the ballot, the names of candidates for nomination or election to one or more offices or the ballot titles of one or more measures. See California Education Code 88079
• Ballot label: means that portion of the ballot containing the names of the candidates or a statement of a measure. See California Education Code 88080
• Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
• board: means any entity listed in Section 101, the entities referred to in Sections 1000 and 3600, the State Bar, the Bureau of Real Estate, and any other state agency that issues a license, certificate, or registration authorizing a person to engage in a business or profession. See California Education Code 17352
• board: means the State Public Works Board, and "director" means Director of General Services. See California Government Code 19240 v2
• Board: means the State Public Works Board. See California Government Code 19243.2
• Board: means the Voting Modernization Board, established pursuant to Section 19256. See California Government Code 19050.4
• Board: as used in this article , means the Board of Administration of the Public Employees' Retirement System. See California Government Code 31882
• board of governors: shall be deemed to refer to the board of trustees. See California Government Code 25549.2
• Bond: means a state general obligation bond issued pursuant to this article adopting the provisions of the State General Obligation Bond Law. See California Government Code 19050.4
• bonds: means bonds issued by a local agency payable exclusively from the revenues of the enterprise for which the bonds are issued. See California Government Code 31900
• Bonds: means revenue bonds, notes, including commercial paper notes or other forms of negotiable short-term indebtedness, or bond anticipation notes issued to finance prison facilities, interest during construction of prison facilities, reserve funds, and costs of issuance of the bonds, as the board may determine. See California Government Code 19592.2
• bonds: means revenue bonds, notes or other evidences of indebtedness. See California Government Code 6540
• business: includes a proprietorship, partnership, corporation, and any other form of commercial enterprise. See California Education Code 8265.1
• business representative: means a proprietor, a limited or general partner, a managerial employee, a stockholder, a director, or an officer who is active in the management, direction, and control of that part of a business which is a licensed activity. See California Education Code 8265.5
• candidate: includes any officeholder who is subject to a recall election. See California Education Code 88085
• Caucus: From the Algonquian Indian language, a caucus meant "to meet together." An informal organization of members of the legislature that exists to discuss issues of mutual concern and possibly to perform legislative research and policy planning for its members. There are regional, political or ideological, ethnic, and economic-based caucuses.
• City: includes city and county. See California Education Code 17322
• City: includes "city and county" and "incorporated town" but does not include "unincorporated town" or "village. See California Education Code 19429
• Clerk: means the county elections official, registrar of voters, city clerk, or other officer or board charged with the duty of conducting any election. See California Education Code 88087
• clerk: means the engrossing and enrolling clerk or the employee who performs the duties of engrossing and enrolling clerk when no employee is so designated by name. See California Government Code 31880
• Code: means the Code of Fair Campaign Practices. See California Government Code 19818.20
• committee: means the engrossing and enrolling committee of the house ordering the engrossing or enrolling of a bill or other document or the committee of such house which performs the duties of engrossing and enrolling committee when no committee is so designated by name. See California Government Code 31881
• Committee: means the California Drought, Water, Parks, Climate, Coastal Protection, and Outdoor Access For All Finance Committee created by Section 80162. See California Government Code 18903
• Committee: means the Voting Modernization Finance Committee, established pursuant to Section 19253. See California Government Code 19050.4
• Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
• Community access: means engagement programs, technical assistance, or facilities that maximize safe and equitable physical admittance, especially for low-income communities, to natural or cultural resources, community education, or recreational amenities. See California Government Code 18903
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• consignment: is a n arrangement under which a dealer agrees to accept possession of a vehicle of a type required to be registered under this code from an owner for the purpose of selling the vehicle and to pay the owner or the owner's designee from the proceeds of the sale. See California Education Code 8273.1
• Construction: includes the extension, enlargement, repair, renovation, restoration, improvement, furnishing, and equipping of any public building. See California Government Code 19243.2
• County: includes city and county. See California Education Code 17321
• County: includes "city and county. See California Education Code 17491
• County: includes "city and county. See California Education Code 1915
• County: includes city and county. See California Education Code 18556
• County: includes city and county. See California Education Code 19958
• County: includes city and county. See California Education Code 19428
• County: includes every county and city and county within this State. See California Education Code 8275
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Dealer: is a person not otherwise expressly excluded by Section 286 who:

  California Education Code 8276.5

• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Defect: means any flaw in the hardware or documentation of a voting system that could result in a state of unfitness for use or nonconformance to the manufacturer's specifications or applicable law. See California Government Code 18938.5
• department: whenever used in this code , unless the context otherwise requires, means the State Department of Education. See California Education Code 89
• Department: means the Department of Human Resources. See California Government Code 19815
• Department: means the Department of Food and Agriculture. See California Education Code 19959
• Department: means the Department of Parks and Recreation. See California Government Code 18903
• Department: means the Department of Motor Vehicles except, when used in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 2100) of Division 2 and in Divisions 11 (commencing with Section 21000), 12 (commencing with Section 24000), 13 (commencing with Section 29000), 14 (commencing with Section 31600), 14. See California Education Code 8277.2
• Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.
• Direct recording electronic voting system: means a voting system that records a vote electronically and does not require or permit the voter to record his or her vote directly onto a tangible ballot. See California Government Code 19061
• Director: means the Director of the Department of Human Resources. See California Government Code 19815
• Disability: means a medical condition, mental disability, or physical disability, as those terms are defined in subdivisions (i), (j), and (l) of Section 12926 of the Government Code. See California Education Code 88166
• Disadvantaged community: means a community with a median household income less than 80 percent of the statewide average. See California Government Code 18903
• Disqualified person: means a licensed person who for any reason becomes legally disqualified (temporarily or permanently) to render the professional services that the particular professional corporation or foreign professional corporation of which he or she is an officer, director, shareholder, or employee is or was rendering. See California Government Code 31891
• Division: means the Division of Labor Relations. See California Government Code 19815
• Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
• driver: is a person who drives or is in actual physical control of a vehicle. See California Education Code 8278.3
• Election: means any election including a primary that is provided for under this code. See California Education Code 88097
• Election board: means the board of supervisors of each county, the city council or other governing body of a city, or any board or officer to whom similar powers and duties are given by any charter. See California Education Code 88098
• Elections official: means any of the following:

  California Education Code 88100

• Elector: means a person who is a United States citizen 18 years of age or older and, except as specified in subdivision (b), is a resident of an election precinct in this state on or before the day of an election. See California Education Code 88101
• Embezzlement: In most states, embezzlement is defined as theft/larceny of assets (money or property) by a person in a position of trust or responsibility over those assets. Embezzlement typically occurs in the employment and corporate settings. ^{Source: OCC}
• Enrolled bill: The final copy of a bill or joint resolution which has passed both chambers in identical form. It is printed on parchment paper, signed by appropriate officials, and submitted to the President/Governor for signature.
• enterprise: means systems, plants, works, or undertakings used or useful in the collection, treatment, and disposal of waste, refuse, and garbage, or of sewage, waste, and storm water. See California Government Code 31705
• Entity: as used in this article means any agency, board or commission provided for by a joint powers agreement pursuant to Article 1 of this chapter. See California Government Code 6542
• Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
• Established place of business: is a place actually occupied either continuously or at regular periods by any of the following:

  California Education Code 8286

• Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
• Failure: means a discrepancy between the external results of the operation of any software or firmware in a voting system and the manufacturer's product requirements for that software or firmware or applicable law. See California Government Code 18938.5
• Fair and exhibition authority: as used in this article , means an entity created by a joint powers agreement for the purpose of financing or otherwise facilitating agricultural, livestock, industrial, cultural, or other types of fairs or exhibitions. See California Government Code 6542.1
• Fault: means a step, process, or data definition in any software or firmware in a voting system that is incorrect under the manufacturer's program specification or applicable law. See California Government Code 18938.5
• Fee simple: Absolute title to property with no limitations or restrictions regarding the person who may inherit it.
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Foreign professional corporation: means a corporation organized under the laws of a state of the United States other than this state that is engaged in a profession of a type for which there is authorization in the Business and Professions Code for the performance of professional services by a foreign professional corporation. See California Government Code 31891
• Fund: means the California Drought, Water, Parks, Climate, Coastal Protection, and Outdoor Access For All Fund, created by Section 80032. See California Government Code 18903
• Fund: means the Voting Modernization Fund, created pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 19254. See California Government Code 19050.4
• Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor
• General election: means either of the following:

  California Education Code 88104

• Governing body: as used in this article means the board or commission provided for by a joint powers agreement, pursuant to Article 1 of this chapter. See California Government Code 6543
• Grand jury: agreement providing that a lender will delay exercising its rights (in the case of a mortgage,
• Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it.
• Hearsay: Statements by a witness who did not see or hear the incident in question but heard about it from someone else. Hearsay is usually not admissible as evidence in court.
• improve: means reconstruct, replace, extend, repair, better, equip, develop, embellish, or otherwise improve. See California Government Code 31706
• Indenture: as used in this article means the instrument providing the terms and conditions for the issuance of the revenue bonds, and may be a resolution, order, agreement or other instrument. See California Government Code 6544
• Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
• individual: includes every natural person, domestic or foreign private corporation, nonprofit corporation, unincorporated association, company, partnership of whatever kind, syndicate, joint stock company, trustee, protective committee, depositors' league, and other similar organization however described. See California Government Code 31876
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• instruction: includes classroom driver education, in-vehicle driver training, and correspondence study. See California Education Code 8279.2
• Interpretation: includes , but is not limited to, a visitor-serving amenity that enhances the ability to understand and appreciate the significance and value of natural, historical, and cultural resources and that may utilize educational materials in multiple languages, digital information, and the expertise of a naturalist or other skilled specialist. See California Government Code 18903
• Joint resolution: A legislative measure which requires the approval of both chambers.
• Jurisprudence: The study of law and the structure of the legal system.
• law: includes the charter of any local agency. See California Government Code 31704
• Lawsuit: A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty, resulting in harm to the plaintiff.
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Lease-purchase financing: means the financing of prison facilities from the proceeds of the sale of bonds authorized by the board. See California Government Code 19592.2
• Legacy: A gift of property made by will.
• legal owner: is a person holding a security interest in a vehicle which is subject to the provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code, or the lessor of a vehicle to the State or to any county, city, district, or political subdivision of the State, or to the United States, under a lease, lease-sale, or rental-purchase agreement which grants possession of the vehicle to the lessee for a period of 30 consecutive days or more. See California Education Code 8335.1
• legislative body: means :

  California Government Code 32003

• Legislative session: That part of a chamber's daily session in which it considers legislative business (bills, resolutions, and actions related thereto).
• Lessor: includes "bailor" and "lease" includes "bailment. See California Education Code 8335.4
• lessor-retailer: is a lessor or renter who, except under the circumstances described in subdivision (a) of Section 286, makes a retail sale or sales of a previously leased or rented vehicle or vehicles to other than any of the following:

  California Education Code 8335.5

• license: means license, certificate, registration, or other means to engage in a business or profession regulated by this code or referred to in Section 1000 or 3600. See California Education Code 17330
• Licensed person: means any natural person who is duly licensed under the provisions of the Business and Professions Code, the Chiropractic Act, or the Osteopathic Act to render the same professional services as are or will be rendered by the professional corporation or foreign professional corporation of which he or she is, or intends to become, an officer, director, shareholder, or employee. See California Government Code 31891
• Licensee: means a person or entity, other than a corporation, authorized by a license, certificate, registration, or other means to engage in a business or profession regulated by this code or referred to in Section 1000 or 3600. See California Education Code 17351
• Licensing board: means any board, as defined in Section 22, the State Bar of California, and the Department of Real Estate. See California Education Code 17351
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• local agency: means a county, city, whether general law or chartered, city and county, town, school district, municipal corporation, district, political subdivision, or any board, commission or agency thereof, or other local public agency. See California Government Code 32002
• Local agency: as used in this article means any public agency designated in Section 6500 other than the federal government or any federal department or agency, this state, an adjoining state, or any state department or agency. See California Government Code 6542.5
• Measure: means any constitutional amendment or other proposition submitted to a popular vote at any election. See California Education Code 88108
• meeting: means any congregation of a majority of the members of a legislative body at the same time and location, including teleconference location as permitted by Section 54953, to hear, discuss, deliberate, or take action on any item that is within the subject matter jurisdiction of the legislative body. See California Government Code 32021
• Member: includes members of associations without capital stock and holders of common stock in associations organized with shares of stock. See California Education Code 44832
• Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
• Mortgage loan: A loan made by a lender to a borrower for the financing of real property. ^{Source: OCC}
• motor vehicle: includes a recreational vehicle as that term is defined in subdivision (a) of Section 18010 of the Health and Safety Code, but does not include a truck camper. See California Education Code 8360
• motorcycle: is a motor vehicle having a seat or saddle for the use of the rider, designed to travel on not more than three wheels in contact with the ground. See California Education Code 8356
• Municipal election: means elections in general law cities and where applicable in chartered cities. See California Education Code 88109
• National Bank: A bank that is subject to the supervision of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency is a bureau of the U.S. Treasury Department. A national bank can be recognized because it must have "national" or "national association" in its name. ^{Source: OCC}
• Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
• Nonprofit organization: means a nonprofit corporation qualified to do business in California and qualified under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. See California Government Code 18903
• Notice: includes all papers and orders required to be served in any proceedings before any court, board, or officer, or when required by law to be served independently of such proceeding. See California Government Code 26660
• Oath: includes affirmation. See California Education Code 17324
• Oath: includes affirmation. See California Education Code 88115
• Oath: includes affirmation. See California Education Code 17493
• Oath: includes affirmation. See California Education Code 18558
• Oath: includes affirmation. See California Education Code 19423
• Oral argument: An opportunity for lawyers to summarize their position before the court and also to answer the judges' questions.
• Original bill: A bill which is drafted by a committee. It is introduced by the committee or subcommittee chairman after the committee votes to report it.
• Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
• owner: is a person having all the incidents of ownership, including the legal title of a vehicle whether or not such person lends, rents, or creates a security interest in the vehicle. See California Education Code 8368
• Paper cast vote record: means an auditable document that corresponds to the selection made on the voter's ballot and lists the contests on the ballot and the voter's selections for those contests. See California Education Code 88086
• Parallel monitoring: means the testing of a randomly selected sampling of voting equipment on election day designed to simulate actual election conditions to confirm that the system is registering votes accurately. See California Government Code 19061
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Party: means a political party or organization that has qualified for participation in any primary or presidential general election. See California Education Code 88122
• party-nominated office: means any of the following offices:

  California Education Code 88121

• Pedestrian: includes a person who is operating a self-propelled wheelchair, motorized tricycle, or motorized quadricycle and, by reason of physical disability, is otherwise unable to move about as a pedestrian, as specified in subdivision (a). See California Education Code 8401.5
• Pension board: as used in this article , means the board of retirement. See California Government Code 31884
• Person: includes a corporation as well as a natural person. See California Education Code 17496
• Person: includes a natural person, firm, copartnership, association, limited liability company, or corporation. See California Education Code 8404
• Person: includes any person, firm, partnership, association, corporation, company, limited liability company, syndicate, estate, trust, business trust, or organization of any kind. See California Education Code 18561
• Person: means any individual, partnership, association, corporation, limited liability company, or any organized group of persons whether incorporated or not. See California Education Code 19963
• Person: includes any person, firm, association, organization, partnership, limited liability company, business trust, corporation, or company. See California Education Code 19426
• person: includes a firm, association, corporation, campaign committee or organization. See California Government Code 19818.10
• Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
• Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
• Polling place: means a location where a voter casts a ballot and includes the following terms, as applicable: poll, polling location, and vote center. See California Education Code 88123
• Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.
• Precinct: means a geographical area within a county that is made up of voters and is formed pursuant to Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 12200) of Division 12. See California Education Code 88124
• precinct board: means the board appointed by the elections official to serve at a vote center. See California Education Code 88125
• Precinct board member: is a member of the precinct board and includes an election officer. See California Education Code 88125
• Preservation: means rehabilitation, stabilization, restoration, conservation, development, and reconstruction, or any combination of those activities. See California Government Code 18903
• Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents.
• Primary election: includes all primary nominating elections provided for by this code. See California Education Code 88127
• Prison facilities lease: means any lease of a prison facility entered into by the Director of Corrections with the board pursuant to this chapter. See California Government Code 19592.2
• Prison facility: means real property, fixtures, furnishings, equipment, and related improvements for the following facilities:

  California Government Code 19592.2

• Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
• Probate: Proving a will
• Process: includes all writs, warrants, summons, and orders of courts of justice, or judicial officers. See California Government Code 26660
• Professional corporation: means a corporation organized under the General Corporation Law or pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 13406 that is engaged in rendering professional services in a single profession, except as otherwise authorized in Section 13401. See California Government Code 31891
• Professional services: means any type of professional services that may be lawfully rendered only pursuant to a license, certification, or registration authorized by the Business and Professions Code, the Chiropractic Act, or the Osteopathic Act. See California Government Code 31891
• Project: as used in this article includes buildings, structures, improvements and all facilities appurtenant thereto or provided therefor together with land and offstreet parking facilities necessary therefor to be financed by revenue bonds issued pursuant to this article. See California Government Code 6545
• Property: includes all property, real, personal or mixed, tangible or intangible, or any interest therein necessary or desirable for carrying out the purposes of this part. See California Government Code 19243.2
• Protection: means those actions necessary to prevent harm or damage to persons, property, or natural, cultural, and historic resources, actions to improve access to public open-space areas, or actions to allow the continued use and enjoyment of property or natural, cultural, and historic resources, and includes site monitoring, acquisition, development, restoration, preservation, and interpretation. See California Government Code 18903
• public agency: includes the federal government or any federal department or agency, this state, any other state or any state department or agency, a county, city, public corporation, or public district of this state or any other state. See California Government Code 31895
• Public building: includes any structure, building, facility, or work that a state agency has jurisdiction of, or is authorized to design or construct, including, but not limited to, infrastructure, parking lots, landscaping, and other ancillary facilities, including furnishings and equipment, incidental to the use of any building, and also includes the site thereof, and any easements or rights of way appurtenant thereto or necessary for its full use. See California Government Code 19243.2
• Punchcard: means a tabulating card on which the voter may record his or her vote by punching, marking, or slotting. See California Education Code 88130
• Punching: includes marking a ballot card to record a vote. See California Education Code 88131
• Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
• registered owner: is a person registered by the department as the owner of a vehicle. See California Education Code 8421
• Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).
• representative: is a ny person regularly employed by a manufacturer or distributor for the purpose of negotiating or promoting the sale of the manufacturer's or distributer's vehicles to their franchisees or for regularly supervising or contacting franchisees or prospective franchisees in this state for any purpose. See California Education Code 8428
• Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
• Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
• Restoration: means the improvement of physical structures or facilities and, in the case of natural systems and landscape features, includes, but is not limited to, projects for the control of erosion, stormwater capture and storage or to otherwise reduce stormwater pollution, the control and elimination of invasive species, the planting of native species, the removal of waste and debris, prescribed burning, fuel hazard reduction, fencing out threats to existing or restored natural resources, road elimination, improving instream, riparian, or managed wetland habitat conditions, and other plant and wildlife habitat improvement to increase the natural system value of the property or coastal or ocean resource. See California Government Code 18903
• Roster: means the official list of voters for an election, which may be in paper or electronic form. See California Education Code 88138
• Secretary: means the Secretary of Food and Agriculture. See California Education Code 19961
• Sell: includes offer for sale, expose for sale, possess for sale, exchange, barter, or trade. See California Education Code 19966
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• services: means those services relating to the processing of traffic infraction cases at, and for, the court, including printing and providing to the court and traffic violators hard copy county-specific lists printed from the department's Internet Web site, administratively assisting traffic violators, and any other lawful activity relating to the administration of the court's traffic infraction caseload. See California Government Code 6546.5 v2
• Signature: includes either of the following:

  California Education Code 88166

• Software: includes all programs, voting devices, cards, ballot cards or papers, operating manuals or instructions, test procedures, printouts, and other nonmechanical or nonelectrical items necessary to the operation of a voting system. See California Education Code 88167
• Special election: is a n election, the specific time for the holding of which is not prescribed by law. See California Education Code 88167.5
• Spouse: includes "registered domestic partner" as required by Section 297. See California Education Code 17317
• Spouse: includes "registered domestic partner" as required by Section 297. See California Education Code 12052
• Spouse: includes "registered domestic partner" as required by Section 297. See California Education Code 19407
• State: means the State of California, unless applied to the different parts of the United States. See California Education Code 77
• State: means the State of California, unless applied to the different parts of the United States. See California Education Code 17325
• state agency: includes every state office, officer, department, division, bureau, board, and commission. See California Government Code 11000
• State agency: includes any state office, officer, department, division, bureau, board, commission, organization, or agency including, without limitation, the University of California, the California State University, the California Community Colleges, and the Judicial Council. See California Government Code 19243.2
• state board: whenever used in this code means the State Board of Education, unless the context requires otherwise. See California Education Code 88
• Statewide election: is a n election held throughout the state. See California Education Code 88180
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Subdivision: means a subdivision of the section in which that term occurs, unless some other section is expressly mentioned. See California Education Code 17319
• Subdivision: means a subdivision of the section in which the term appears unless some other section is expressly mentioned. See California Education Code 17486
• Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
• Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
• Temporary restraining order: Prohibits a person from an action that is likely to cause irreparable harm. This differs from an injunction in that it may be granted immediately, without notice to the opposing party, and without a hearing. It is intended to last only until a hearing can be held.
• Testify: Answer questions in court.
• Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
• total benefits: means the retirement allowance or other benefit payable to any beneficiary pursuant to the provisions of this chapter plus any other monetary payments due to the same beneficiary from any public agency. See California Government Code 31895.5
• Town: includes "unincorporated town" and "village. See California Education Code 19430
• traffic: includes pedestrians, ridden animals, vehicles, street cars, and other conveyances, either singly or together, while using any highway for purposes of travel. See California Education Code 8483.3
• traffic violator school: is a business that, for compensation, provides, or offers to provide, instruction in traffic safety, including, but not limited to, classroom traffic violator curricula, for persons referred by a court pursuant to Section 42005 or to other persons who elect to attend. See California Education Code 8483.5
• traffic violator school branch or classroom location: is a ny place where a traffic violator school conducts instruction or maintains records. See California Education Code 8483.51
• traffic violator school instructor: is a ny person who provides instruction to traffic violators on behalf of a traffic violator school. See California Education Code 8483.55
• traffic violator school owner: is a ny natural person, association, or corporation that owns a traffic violator school. See California Education Code 8483.7
• Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
• Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Truth in Lending Act: The Truth in Lending Act is a federal law that requires lenders to provide standardized information so that borrowers can compare loan terms. In general, lenders must provide information on ^{Source: OCC}
• Uphold: The decision of an appellate court not to reverse a lower court decision.
• vehicle: is a device by which any person or property may be propelled, moved, or drawn upon a highway, excepting a device moved exclusively by human power or used exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks. See California Education Code 8486
• vehicle verifier: is a person not expressly excluded by Section 675. See California Education Code 8494
• Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
• Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
• Vote by mail voter: means any voter casting a ballot in any way other than at the polling place. See California Education Code 88076
• Vote tabulating device: means any piece of equipment, other than a voting machine, that compiles a total of votes cast by means of ballot card sorting, ballot card reading, paper ballot scanning, electronic data processing, or a combination of that type of equipment. See California Education Code 88182
• Voter: means any elector who is registered under this code. See California Education Code 88183
• Voter list: means the list of registered voters in a single or consolidated precinct or in an entire county. See California Education Code 88184
• Voter verified paper audit trail: means a paper cast vote record containing a copy of each of the voter's selections that allows each voter to confirm his or her selections before the voter casts his or her ballot for systems that do not contain a paper ballot. See California Government Code 19061
• Voter-nominated office: means a congressional or state elective office for which a candidate may choose to have his or her party preference or lack of party preference indicated upon the ballot. See California Education Code 88185
• Voting device: means any device used in conjunction with a ballot card or cards to indicate the choice of the voter by marking, punching, or slotting the ballot card. See California Education Code 88186
• Voting machine: means any electronic device, including, but not limited to, a precinct optical scanner and a direct recording voting system, into which a voter may enter his or her votes, and which, by means of electronic tabulation and generation of printouts or other tangible, human-readable records, furnishes a total of the number of votes cast for each candidate and for or against each measure. See California Education Code 88190
• Voting system: means a mechanical, electromechanical, or electronic system and its software, or any combination of these used for casting a ballot, tabulating votes, or both. See California Education Code 88191
• Voting system: means any voting machine, voting device, or vote tabulating device that does not use prescored punch card ballots. See California Government Code 19050.4
• Writing: includes any form of recorded message capable of comprehension by ordinary visual means. See California Education Code 18535