Terms Used In Utah Code > Title 4 > Chapter 16 - Utah Seed Act

• Administrator: includes "executor" when the subject matter justifies the use. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
• Adulterated: means any dairy product that:

  (a)	contains any poisonous or deleterious substance that may render it injurious to health;

  (b)	has been produced, prepared, packaged, or held: (i)  under unsanitary conditions; (ii)  where it may have become contaminated; or (iii)  where it may have become diseased or injurious to health;

  (c)

  contains any food additive that is unsafe within the meaning of 21 U. See Utah Code 4-3-102 Advertisement: means any representation made relative to seeds, plants, bulbs, or ground stock other than those on the label of a seed container, disseminated in any manner. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths. Agricultural seed: includes : (a)  grass, forage, cereal, oil, fiber, and other kinds of crop seed commonly recognized within this state as agricultural seed; (b)  lawn seed; (c)  combinations of the seed described in Subsections (2)(a) and (2)(b); and (d)  noxious weed seed, if the department determines by rule made in accordance with Title 63G, Chapter 3, Utah Administrative Rulemaking Act, that a noxious weed seed is being used as agricultural seed. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Agriculture: means the science and art of the production of plants and animals useful to man, including the preparation of plants and animals for human use and disposal by marketing or otherwise. See Utah Code 4-1-109 Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it. Animal shelter: means the same as that term is defined in Section 11-46-102. See Utah Code 4-2-901 Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant. Aquaculture: means the controlled cultivation of aquatic animals. See Utah Code 4-37-103 Aquaculture facility: means any tank, canal, raceway, pond, off-stream reservoir, or other structure used for aquaculture. See Utah Code 4-37-103 Assessment area: means an area, or, if more than one area is designated, the aggregate of all areas within a local entity's jurisdictional boundaries that is designated by a local entity under 2, for the purpose of financing the costs of improvements, operation and maintenance, or economic promotion activities that benefit property within the area. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Assessment bonds: means bonds that are: (a)  issued under Section 11-42-605; and (b)  payable in part or in whole from assessments levied in an assessment area, improvement revenues, and a guaranty fund or reserve fund. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Assessment fund: means a special fund that a local entity establishes under Section 11-42-412. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Assessment lien: means a lien on property within an assessment area that arises from the levy of an assessment, as provided in Section 11-42-501. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Assessment method: means the method: (a)  by which an assessment is levied against benefitted property, whether by frontage, area, taxable value, fair market value, lot, parcel, number of connections, equivalent residential unit, any combination of these methods, or any other method; and (b)  that, when applied to a benefitted property, accounts for an assessment that meets the requirements of Section 11-42-409. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Assessment ordinance: means an ordinance adopted by a local entity under Section 11-42-404 that levies an assessment on benefitted property within an assessment area. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Assessment resolution: means a resolution adopted by a local entity under Section 11-42-404 that levies an assessment on benefitted property within an assessment area. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account. Authorized officer: means any individual required or permitted by any law or by the issuing public entity to execute on behalf of the public entity, a certificated registered public obligation or a writing relating to an uncertificated registered public obligation. See Utah Code 15-7-2 Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. Source: OCC Benefitted property: means property within an assessment area that directly or indirectly benefits from improvements, operation and maintenance, or economic promotion activities. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Bond anticipation notes: means notes issued under Section 11-42-602 in anticipation of the issuance of assessment bonds. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Bonds: means assessment bonds and refunding assessment bonds. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Certificate: means a document allowing a person to market milk. See Utah Code 4-3-102 Certificated registered public obligation: means a registered public obligation which is represented by an instrument. See Utah Code 15-7-2 Certifying agency: means : (a)  an agency authorized under the laws of a state, territory, or possession to officially certify seed and that has standards and procedures approved by the United States Secretary of Agriculture to assure the genetic purity and identity of the seed certified; or (b)  an agency of a foreign country determined by the United States Secretary of Agriculture to adhere to procedures and standards for seed certification. See Utah Code 4-16-102 City: includes , depending on population, a metro township as defined in Section 10-3c-102. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Code: means the Internal Revenue Code of 1954. See Utah Code 15-7-2 Commissioner: means the commissioner of agriculture and food. See Utah Code 4-1-109 Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant. Complete record: includes seed samples and records of declarations, labels, purchases, sales, conditioning, bulking, treatment, handling, storage, analyses, tests, and examinations. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Conditioning: means drying, cleaning, scarifying, and other operations that: (a)  could change the purity or germination of a seed; and (b)  require a seed lot to be retested to determine the label information. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed. Contract price: means : (a)  the cost of acquiring an improvement, if the improvement is acquired; or (b)  the amount payable to one or more contractors for the design, engineering, inspection, and construction of an improvement. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Controlling the pollination: means to use a method of hybridization that will produce pure seed that is at least 75% hybrid seed. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name. Cow-share program: means a program in which a person acquires an undivided interest in a milk producing hoofed mammal through an agreement with a producer that includes: (a)  a bill of sale for an interest in the mammal; (b)  a boarding arrangement under which the person boards the mammal with the producer for the care and milking of the mammal and the boarding arrangement and bill of sale documents remain with the program operator; (c)  an arrangement under which the person receives raw milk for personal use not to be sold or distributed in a retail environment or for profit; and (d)  no more than two cows, 10 goats, and 10 sheep per farm in the program. See Utah Code 4-3-102 Credit report: A detailed report of an individual's credit history prepared by a credit bureau and used by a lender in determining a loan applicant's creditworthiness. Source: OCC Dairy product: means any product derived from raw or pasteurized milk. See Utah Code 4-3-102 Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries. Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another. Department: means the Department of Agriculture and Food created in Chapter 2, Administration. See Utah Code 4-1-109 Designation ordinance: means an ordinance adopted by a local entity under Section 11-42-206 designating an assessment area. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Designation resolution: means a resolution adopted by a local entity under Section 11-42-206 designating an assessment area. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Development authority: means : (a)  the Utah Inland Port Authority created in Section 11-58-201; or (b)  the military installation development authority created in Section 63H-1-201. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Distributor: means any person who distributes a dairy product. See Utah Code 4-3-102 Dormant: means viable seed, excluding hard seed, that fail to germinate when provided the specified germination conditions for the kind of seed in question. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Economic promotion activities: means activities that promote economic growth in a commercial area of a local entity, including: (a)  sponsoring festivals and markets; (b)  promoting business investment or activities; (c)  helping to coordinate public and private actions; and (d)  developing and issuing publications designed to improve the economic well-being of the commercial area. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Education loan: means a loan received for education at a domestic or foreign institution of higher education, including a school or college of veterinary medicine. See Utah Code 4-2-901 End consumer: means a household consumer, restaurant, institution, or any other person who has purchased or received shell eggs for consumption. See Utah Code 4-4-103 Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. Source: U.S. Courts Equivalent residential unit: means a dwelling, unit, or development that is equal to a single-family residence in terms of the nature of its use or impact on an improvement to be provided in the assessment area. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met. Facsimile signature: means the reproduction by engraving, imprinting, stamping, or other means of a manual signature. See Utah Code 15-7-2 Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller. Fee fishing facility: means a body of water used for holding or rearing fish for the purpose of providing fishing for a fee or for pecuniary consideration or advantage. See Utah Code 4-37-103 Filled milk: means any milk, cream, or skimmed milk, whether condensed, evaporated, concentrated, powdered, dried, or desiccated, that has fat or oil other than milk fat added, blended, or compounded with it so that the resultant product is an imitation or semblance of milk, cream, or skimmed milk. See Utah Code 4-3-102 Financial intermediary: means a bank, broker, clearing corporation or other person, or the nominee of any of them, which in the ordinary course of its business maintains registered public obligation accounts for its customers. See Utah Code 15-7-2 Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006. Fixed Rate: Having a "fixed" rate means that the APR doesn't change based on fluctuations of some external rate (such as the "Prime Rate"). In other words, a fixed rate is a rate that is not a variable rate. A fixed APR can change over time, in several circumstances: You are late making a payment or commit some other default, triggering an increase to a penalty rate The bank changes the terms of your account and you do not reject the change. The rate expires (if the rate was fixed for only a certain period of time). Flower seed: includes the seed of herbaceous plants that are: (a)  grown for their blooms, ornamental foliage, or other ornamental parts; and (b)  commonly known and sold under the name of flower or wildflower seed in this state. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. Source: OCC Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another. Germination: means the emergence and development from the seed embryo of those essential structures that are, for the kind of seed in question, indicative of the ability to produce a normal plant under favorable conditions expressed in whole numbers. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Governing body: means : (a)  for a county, city, or town, the legislative body of the county, city, or town; (b)  for a special district, the board of trustees of the special district; (c)  for a special service district: (i)  the legislative body of the county, city, or town that established the special service district, if no administrative control board has been appointed under Section 17D-1-301; or (ii)  the administrative control board of the special service district, if an administrative control board has been appointed under Section 17D-1-301; (d)  for the military installation development authority created in Section 63H-1-201, the board, as defined in Section 63H-1-102; (e)  for the Utah Inland Port Authority, created in Section 11-58-201, the board, as defined in Section 11-58-102; and (f)  for a public infrastructure district, the board of the public infrastructure district as defined in Section 17D-4-102. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Guaranty fund: means the fund established by a local entity under Section 11-42-701. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Hard seed: means seed that remains hard at the end of the prescribed germination test period because the seed has not absorbed water due to an impermeable seed coat. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Incidental refunding costs: means any costs of issuing refunding assessment bonds and calling, retiring, or paying prior bonds, including: (a)  legal and accounting fees; (b)  charges of financial advisors, escrow agents, certified public accountant verification entities, and trustees; (c)  underwriting discount costs, printing costs, the costs of giving notice; (d)  any premium necessary in the calling or retiring of prior bonds; (e)  fees to be paid to the local entity to issue the refunding assessment bonds and to refund the outstanding prior bonds; (f)  any other costs that the governing body determines are necessary and proper to incur in connection with the issuance of refunding assessment bonds; and (g)  any interest on the prior bonds that is required to be paid in connection with the issuance of the refunding assessment bonds. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Indian country: means the same as that term is defined in 18 U. See Utah Code 4-2-901 Inert matter: means all matter that is not seed, including broken seeds, sterile florets, chaff, fungus bodies, and stones, as determined by methods defined by rule. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury. Inoculant: means a commercial preparation containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria applied to seed. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Installment payment date: means the date on which an installment payment of an assessment is payable. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. Source: OCC Interim warrant: means a warrant issued by a local entity under Section 11-42-601. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Issuer: means a public entity which issues an obligation. See Utah Code 15-7-2 Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases. Jurisdictional boundaries: means : (a)  for a county, the boundaries of the unincorporated area of the county; and (b)  for each other local entity, the boundaries of the local entity. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Kind: means one or more related species or subspecies of seed that singly or collectively are known by one common name, for example, corn, oats, alfalfa, and timothy. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Label: includes a representation on an invoice, bill, or letterhead. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Labeling: includes a tag or other device attached to, written, stamped, or printed on a container or accompanying a lot of bulk seeds that: (a)  claims to specify the information required on the seed label by this chapter; and (b)  may include other information related to the labeled seed. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Land: includes :Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). Source: OCC Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity. Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt. Loan: means a loan that is made directly by, insured by, or guaranteed under a government program of: (a)  a state; (b)  the United States; or (c)  a foreign government. See Utah Code 4-2-901 Local entity: means : (a)  a county, city, town, special service district, or special district; (b)  an interlocal entity as defined in Section 11-13-103; (c)  the military installation development authority, created in Section 63H-1-201; (d)  a public infrastructure district under Title 17D, Chapter 4, Public Infrastructure District Act, including a public infrastructure district created by a development authority; (e)  the Utah Inland Port Authority, created in Section 11-58-201; or (f)  any other political subdivision of the state. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Local entity obligations: means assessment bonds, refunding assessment bonds, interim warrants, and bond anticipation notes issued by a local entity. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Lot: means a definite quantity of seed identified by a number or other mark, every portion or bag of which is uniform within recognized tolerances for the factors that appear in the labeling. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Mailing address: means : (a)  a property owner's last-known address using the name and address appearing on the last completed real property assessment roll of the county in which the property is located; and (b)  if the property is improved property: (i)  the property's street number; or (ii)  the post office box, rural route number, or other mailing address of the property, if a street number has not been assigned. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Manufacturer: means any person who processes milk in a way that changes the milk's character. See Utah Code 4-3-102 Maximum payment value: means the lesser of: (a)  the sum of a qualified veterinarian's education loan balances; or (b)  $100,000. See Utah Code 4-2-901 Misbranded: means : (a)  any dairy product whose label is false or misleading in any particular, or whose label or package fails to conform to any federal regulation adopted by the department that pertains to packaging and labeling; (b)  any dairy product in final packaged form manufactured in this state that does not bear: (i)  the manufacturer's, packer's, or distributor's name, address, and plant number, if applicable; (ii)  a clear statement of the product's common or usual name, quantity, and ingredients, if applicable; and (iii)  any other information required by rule of the department; (c)  any butter in consumer package form that is not at least B grade, or that does not meet the grade claimed on the package, measured by U. See Utah Code 4-3-102 mixed: means seed consisting of more than one kind, each in excess of 5% by weight of the whole. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Month: means a calendar month, unless otherwise expressed. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan. Mulch: means a protective covering of a suitable substance placed with seed that: (a)  acts to retain sufficient moisture to support seed germination and sustain early seedling growth; (b)  aids in the prevention of the evaporation of soil moisture; (c)  aids in the control of weeds; and (d)  aids in the prevention of erosion. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Net improvement revenues: means all improvement revenues that a local entity has received since the last installment payment date, less all amounts payable by the local entity from those improvement revenues for operation and maintenance costs. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Noxious weed seeds: means : (a)  prohibited noxious weed seeds; or (b)  restricted noxious weed seeds. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Obligation: includes a liability in tort and contractual obligations. See Utah Code 15-4-1 Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period. Obligation: means an agreement by a public entity to pay principal and any interest on the obligation, whether in the form of a contract to repay borrowed money, a lease, an installment purchase agreement, or otherwise, and includes a share, participation, or other interest in any such agreement. See Utah Code 15-7-2 Obligee: includes a creditor and a person having a right based on a tort. See Utah Code 15-4-1 Obligor: includes a debtor and a person liable for a tort. See Utah Code 15-4-1 Off-type: means a seed or plant not part of the variety because the seed or plant deviates in one or more characteristics from the variety. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Official actions: means the actions by statute, order, ordinance, resolution, contract, or other authorized means by which the issuer provides for issuance of a registered public obligation. See Utah Code 15-7-2 official body: means the person or group of persons that is empowered to provide for the original issuance of an obligation of the issuer, by defining the obligation and its terms, conditions, and other incidents, or to perform duties with respect to a registered public obligation and any successor of such person or group of persons. See Utah Code 15-7-2 Organization: means a corporation, government or governmental subdivision or agency, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, association, two or more persons having a joint or common interest, or any other legal entity. See Utah Code 4-1-109 Origin: means : (a)  for an indigenous stand of trees, the area on which the trees are growing; and (b)  for a nonindigenous stand of trees, the place from which the seeds or plants originated. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Other crop seed: means the seed of plants grown as crops other than the kind or variety included in the pure seed, as determined by methods defined by rule. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Overhead costs: means the actual costs incurred or the estimated costs to be incurred by a local entity in connection with an assessment area for appraisals, legal fees, filing fees, financial advisory charges, underwriting fees, placement fees, escrow, trustee, and paying agent fees, publishing and mailing costs, costs of levying an assessment, recording costs, and all other incidental costs. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program. Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses. Permit: means a document allowing a person or plant, as designated in the permit, to: (a)  process, manufacture, supply, test, haul, or pasteurize milk or milk products; or (b)  repair equipment used to conduct the activities described in Subsection (13)(a). See Utah Code 4-3-102 Person: means a natural person or individual, corporation, organization, or other legal entity. See Utah Code 4-1-109 Person: means :Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Person: means an individual, partnership, corporation, company, association, receiver, trustee, or agent. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Plant: means any facility where milk is processed or manufactured. See Utah Code 4-3-102 Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way. Prior bonds: means the assessment bonds that are refunded in part or in whole by refunding assessment bonds. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Process: means a writ or summons issued in the course of a judicial proceeding. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Processor: means any person who subjects milk to a process. See Utah Code 4-3-102 Producer: means a person who owns a cow or other milk producing hoofed mammal that produces milk for consumption by persons other than the producer's family, employees, or nonpaying guests. See Utah Code 4-3-102 Program: means the Veterinarian Education Loan Repayment Program created in Section 4-2-902. See Utah Code 4-2-901 Project engineer: means the surveyor or engineer employed by or the private consulting engineer engaged by a local entity to perform the necessary engineering services for and to supervise the construction or installation of the improvements. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Property: includes both real and personal property. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Property: includes real property and any interest in real property, including water rights and leasehold rights. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Property price: means the price at which a local entity purchases or acquires by eminent domain property to make improvements in an assessment area. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government. Public agency: means : (a)  the state or any agency, department, or division of the state; and (b)  a political subdivision of the state. See Utah Code 11-42-102 public entity: includes , without limitation, this state, an entity deriving powers from and acting pursuant to a state constitution or legislative act, a county, city, town, a municipal corporation, a quasi-municipal corporation, a state university or college, a school district, a special service district, a special district, a separate legal or administrative entity created under the Interlocal Cooperation Act or other joint agreement entity, a community reinvestment agency, any other political subdivision, a public authority or public agency, a public trust, a nonprofit corporation, or other organizations. See Utah Code 15-7-2 Pure seed: means seed exclusive of inert matter and all other seed not of the seed being considered as determined by methods defined by rule. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Qualified veterinarian: means a veterinarian who has practiced as a veterinarian for five or more consecutive years beginning on or after May 3, 2023: (a)  in an area of the state: (i)  designated by the United States Department of Agriculture as a veterinary shortage situation during at least one of the five years; or (ii)  that is Indian country; (b)  in an animal shelter within the state operated by: (i)  a county; (ii)  a municipality; or (iii)  an organization that is exempt from federal income taxation under Section 501(c)(3), Internal Revenue Code; (c)  in any area of the state as an employee of the department; or (d)  in any combination of the places described in Subsections (8)(a) through (c). See Utah Code 4-2-901 Raw milk: means unpasteurized milk. See Utah Code 4-3-102 Reduced payment obligation: means the full obligation of an owner of property within an assessment area to pay an assessment levied on the property after the assessment has been reduced because of the issuance of refunding assessment bonds, as provided in Section 11-42-608. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Refunding assessment bonds: means assessment bonds that a local entity issues under Section 11-42-607 to refund, in part or in whole, assessment bonds. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Registered public obligation: means an obligation issued by a public entity which is issued pursuant to a system of registration. See Utah Code 15-7-2 Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant. Reserve fund: means a fund established by a local entity under Section 11-42-702. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Retailer: means any person who sells or distributes dairy products directly to the consumer. See Utah Code 4-3-102 School fee: includes : (i)  an admission fee; (ii)  a transportation charge; or (iii)  a charge, deposit, rent, or other mandatory payment imposed by a third party in connection with an activity or function sponsored by a school described in Subsection (4)(a). See Utah Code 15-4-1 Seed for sprouting: means seed sold for sprouting for salad or culinary purposes. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Service: means : (a)  water, sewer, storm drainage, garbage collection, library, recreation, communications, or electric service; (b)  economic promotion activities; or (c)  any other service that a local entity is required or authorized to provide. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims. Several obligors: means obligors severally bound for the same performance. See Utah Code 15-4-1 Signature: includes a name, mark, or sign written with the intent to authenticate an instrument or writing. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Sowing: means the placement of agricultural seed, vegetable seed, flower seed, tree and shrub seed, or seed for sprouting in a selected environment for the purpose of obtaining plant growth. See Utah Code 4-16-102 State: when applied to the different parts of the United States, includes a state, district, or territory of the United States. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Statute: A law passed by a legislature. Temporary restraining order: Prohibits a person from an action that is likely to cause irreparable harm. This differs from an injunction in that it may be granted immediately, without notice to the opposing party, and without a hearing. It is intended to last only until a hearing can be held. Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident. Town: includes , depending on population, a metro township as defined in Section 10-3c-102. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Treated: means that a seed has received an application of a substance or been subjected to a process designed to reduce, control, or repel disease organisms, insects, or other pests that attack seeds or seedlings. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Tree and shrub seed: includes seed of woody plants commonly known and sold as tree and shrub seeds in this state. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence. Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust. Type: means a group of varieties so nearly similar that the individual varieties cannot be clearly differentiated except under special conditions. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Unassessed benefitted government property: means property that a local entity may not assess in accordance with Section 11-42-408 but is benefitted by an improvement, operation and maintenance, or economic promotion activities. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Uncertificated registered public obligation: means a registered public obligation which is not represented by an instrument. See Utah Code 15-7-2 Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. Source: OCC United States: includes each state, district, and territory of the United States of America. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5 Variable Rate: Having a "variable" rate means that the APR changes from time to time based on fluctuations in an external rate, normally the Prime Rate. This external rate is known as the "index." If the index changes, the variable rate normally changes. Also see Fixed Rate. Variety: means a subdivision of a kind that is: (a)  distinct, meaning a variety can be differentiated by one or more identifiable morphological, physiological, or other characteristics from all other varieties of public knowledge; (b)  uniform, meaning that variations in essential and distinctive characteristics are describable; and (c)  stable, meaning a variety's essential and distinctive characteristics and uniformity will remain unchanged when reproduced or reconstituted as required by the category of variety. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Vegetable seed: includes the seed of those crops that are: (a)  grown in gardens or on truck farms; and (b)  generally known and sold under the name of vegetable or herb seed in this state. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Veterinarian: means an individual licensed under Title 58, Chapter 28, Veterinary Practice Act. See Utah Code 4-2-901 Voluntary assessment area: means an assessment area that contains only property whose owners have voluntarily consented to an assessment. See Utah Code 11-42-102 Waiver: means the act of not requiring an individual to pay an amount that the individual otherwise owes. See Utah Code 15-4-1 Weed seed: means the seed of all plants generally recognized as weeds within this state, as determined by methods defined by rule. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Weight: means the net weight of the commodity. See Utah Code 4-16-102 Writing: includes :Utah Code 68-3-12.5