(a) Any resident of this state, as defined in subdivision (1) of subsection (a) of § 12-701, subject to the tax under this chapter for any taxable year shall be entitled to a credit in determining the amount of tax liability under this chapter, for all or a portion, as permitted by this section, of the amount of property tax, as defined in this section, first becoming due and actually paid during such taxable year by such person on such person’s primary residence or motor vehicle in accordance with the provisions of this section, provided in the case of a person who files a return under the federal income tax for such taxable year as an unmarried individual, a married individual filing separately or a head of household, one motor vehicle shall be eligible for such credit and in the case of a husband and wife who file a return under federal income tax for such taxable year as married individuals filing jointly, no more than two motor vehicles shall be eligible for a credit under the provisions of this section.

(b) (1) The credit allowed under this section shall not exceed (A) for taxable years commencing on or after January 1, 2011, but prior to January 1, 2016, three hundred dollars; (B) for taxable years commencing on or after January 1, 2016, but prior to January 1, 2022, two hundred dollars; and (C) for taxable years commencing on or after January 1, 2022, three hundred dollars. In the case of any husband and wife who file a return under the federal income tax for such taxable year as married individuals filing a joint return, the credit allowed, in the aggregate, shall not exceed such amount for each such taxable year.

(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a) of this section, for the taxable years commencing January 1, 2017, to January 1, 2021, inclusive, the credit under this section shall be allowed only for a resident of this state (A) who has attained age sixty-five before the close of the applicable taxable year, or (B) who files a return under the federal income tax for the applicable taxable year validly claiming one or more dependents.

(c) (1) (A) For taxable years commencing on or after January 1, 2011, but prior to January 1, 2013, in the case of any such taxpayer who files under the federal income tax for such taxable year as an unmarried individual whose Connecticut adjusted gross income exceeds fifty-six thousand five hundred dollars, the amount of the credit shall be reduced by fifteen per cent for each ten thousand dollars, or fraction thereof, by which the taxpayer’s Connecticut adjusted gross income exceeds said amount.

(B) For taxable years commencing on or after January 1, 2013, but prior to January 1, 2014, in the case of any such taxpayer who files under the federal income tax for such taxable year as an unmarried individual whose Connecticut adjusted gross income exceeds sixty thousand five hundred dollars, the amount of the credit shall be reduced by fifteen per cent for each ten thousand dollars, or fraction thereof, by which the taxpayer’s Connecticut adjusted gross income exceeds said amount.

(C) For taxable years commencing on or after January 1, 2014, but prior to January 1, 2016, in the case of any such taxpayer who files under the federal income tax for such taxable year as an unmarried individual whose Connecticut adjusted gross income exceeds forty-seven thousand five hundred dollars, the amount of the credit shall be reduced by fifteen per cent for each ten thousand dollars, or fraction thereof, by which the taxpayer’s Connecticut adjusted gross income exceeds said amount.

(D) For taxable years commencing on or after January 1, 2016, in the case of any such taxpayer who files under the federal income tax for such taxable year as an unmarried individual whose Connecticut adjusted gross income exceeds forty-nine thousand five hundred dollars, the amount of the credit shall be reduced by fifteen per cent for each ten thousand dollars, or fraction thereof, by which the taxpayer’s Connecticut adjusted gross income exceeds said amount.

(2) In the case of any such taxpayer who files under the federal income tax for such taxable year as a married individual filing separately whose Connecticut adjusted gross income exceeds thirty-five thousand two hundred fifty dollars, the amount of the credit shall be reduced by fifteen per cent for each five thousand dollars, or fraction thereof, by which the taxpayer’s Connecticut adjusted gross income exceeds said amount.

(3) In the case of a taxpayer who files under the federal income tax for such taxable year as a head of household whose Connecticut adjusted gross income exceeds fifty-four thousand five hundred dollars, the amount of the credit shall be reduced by fifteen per cent for each ten thousand dollars or fraction thereof, by which the taxpayer’s Connecticut adjusted gross income exceeds said amount.

(4) In the case of a taxpayer who files under federal income tax for such taxable year as married individuals filing jointly whose Connecticut adjusted gross income exceeds seventy thousand five hundred dollars, the amount of the credit shall be reduced by fifteen per cent for each ten thousand dollars, or fraction thereof, by which the taxpayer’s Connecticut adjusted gross income exceeds said amount.

(d) (1) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsections (b) and (c) of this section, for taxable years commencing on or after January 1, 2023, for any taxpayer who paid the conveyance tax on real property at the rate prescribed by subparagraph (C)(ii) of subdivision (2) of subsection (b) of § 12-494, the credit allowed under this section shall not exceed thirty-three and one-third per cent of the amount of the conveyance tax paid in excess of one and one-quarter per cent on that portion of the consideration taxed under § 12-494 that is in excess of eight hundred thousand dollars, in each of the three taxable years beginning with the third taxable year after the taxable year in which such conveyance tax was paid. For any taxable year such taxpayer claims the credit or portion thereof under this subsection, such credit shall be in lieu of any credit such taxpayer may be eligible to claim under subsection (b) or (c) of this section.

(2) If any credit allowed under this subsection or portion thereof is not used because the amount of the credit exceeds the tax due and owing by the taxpayer or the amount of property tax paid by the taxpayer, the unused amount may be carried forward to each of the successive taxable years until such amount is fully taken, except that in no event may any amount of the credit be carried forward for a period of more than six taxable years.

(e) The credit allowed under this section shall be available for any person leasing a motor vehicle pursuant to a written agreement for a term of more than one year. Such lessee shall be entitled to the credit in accordance with the provisions of this section for the taxes actually paid by the lessor or lessee on such leased vehicle, provided the lessee was lawfully in possession of the motor vehicle at such time when the taxes first became due. The lessor shall provide the lessee with documentation establishing, to the satisfaction of the Commissioner of Revenue Services, the amount of property tax paid during the time period in which the lessee was lawfully in possession of the motor vehicle. The lessor of the motor vehicle shall not be entitled to a credit under the provisions of this section.

(f) The credit may only be used to reduce a qualifying taxpayer’s tax liability for the year for which such credit is applicable and shall not be used to reduce such tax liability to less than zero.

(g) The amount of tax due pursuant to sections 12-705 and 12-722 shall be calculated without regard to this credit.

(h) For the purposes of this section: (1) “Property tax” means the amount of property tax exclusive of any interest, fees or charges thereon for which a taxpayer is liable, or in the case of any husband and wife who file a return under the federal income tax for such taxable year as married individuals filing a joint return, for which the husband or wife or both are liable, to a Connecticut political subdivision on the taxpayer’s primary residence or motor vehicles; (2) “motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle, as defined in § 14-1, that is privately owned or leased; and (3) property tax first becomes due, if due and payable in a single installment, on the date designated by the legislative body of the municipality as the date on which such installment shall be due and payable and, if due and payable in two or more installments, on the date designated by the legislative body of the municipality as the date on which such installment shall be due and payable or, at the election of the taxpayer, on the date designated by the legislative body of the municipality as the date on which any earlier installment of such tax shall be due and payable.