Terms Used In Hawaii Revised Statutes > Chapter 157 - Milk Control Act

• Access aisle: means the area that is adjacent to a parking space reserved for a person with a disability and that is to be used exclusively by that person for the purpose of entering and exiting a vehicle. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-51
• action: includes an administrative enforcement action by any state or county agency, board, or commission against a landowner for a land use violation or a currently unauthorized structure encroaching on public lands, including but not limited to submerged lands or lands within the shoreline, that falls, slides, or comes onto public land, or arises from or benefits an adjoining or abutting private land. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 501-151
• Adjourn: A motion to adjourn a legislative chamber or a committee, if passed, ends that day's session.
• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Affiliate of a developer: means a person that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the developer. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Alley: means a street or highway intended to provide access to the rear or side of lots or buildings and not intended for the purpose of through vehicular traffic. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Apartment lease: means a unit lease, a condominium conveyance document, a unit deed and ground lease, or other instrument which has been registered pursuant to section 501-121 and which leases or subleases a condominium unit or its appurtenant undivided interest in the land of a condominium project established or existing under chapter 514B or at common law. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 501-20
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Appraisal: A determination of property value.
• Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
• Arraignment: A proceeding in which an individual who is accused of committing a crime is brought into court, told of the charges, and asked to plead guilty or not guilty.
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• Association: means the unit owners' association organized under section 514B-102 or under prior condominium property regime statutes. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
• Attorney-in-fact: A person who, acting as an agent, is given written authorization by another person to transact business for him (her) out of court.
• Authorized emergency vehicle: includes fire department vehicles, police vehicles, ambulances, ocean safety vehicles, law enforcement vehicles, and conservation and resources enforcement vehicles authorized and approved pursuant to section 291-31. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
• Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
• Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
• Bequest: Property gifted by will.
• Bicycle: means :
  (1) A vehicle propelled solely by human power upon which any person may ride, having two tandem wheels, and including any vehicle generally recognized as a bicycle though equipped with two front or two rear wheels except a toy bicycle; or
  (2) A low-speed electric bicycle, as defined under title 15 United States Code § 2085. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Bicycle lane: means that portion of any highway which has been set aside for the preferential or exclusive use of bicycles. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Bicycle path: means any facility set aside for the preferential or exclusive use of bicycles and physically separated from a highway. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Bicycle route: means any highway that is designated to be shared by bicycles and pedestrians or motor vehicles, or both. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• board: means the Hawaii board of chiropractic. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 442-3
• Board: means the contractors license board. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 444-1
• board of directors: means the body, regardless of name, designated in the declaration or bylaws to act on behalf of the association. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Bodily injury: means physical pain, illness, or any impairment of physical condition. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Bus: means every motor vehicle designed for carrying more than ten passengers and used for the transportation of persons; and every motor vehicle, other than a school bus or a taxicab, designed and used for the transportation of persons for compensation. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Business: includes any activities engaged in by any person or organization or caused to be engaged in by the person or it for the object of gain, benefit, or advantage, either direct or indirect. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 289-1
• Business district: means the territory contiguous to and including a highway when within any six hundred feet along such highway there are buildings in use for business or industrial purposes, including but not limited to hotels, banks, or office buildings, and public buildings which occupy at least three hundred feet of frontage on one side or three hundred feet collectively on both sides of the highway. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Capital: means :

  (1) The aggregate par value or other amount received and allocated to the issued and outstanding capital stock of a financial institution; or

  (2) The total amount of a credit union's outstanding and unimpaired membership shares or share accounts. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 412:1-109

• Capital stock: means the units of interest, whether or not having a par value, common or preferred, legally issued by a financial institution or other corporation, which represents a fractional ownership interest in the institution or corporation. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 412:1-109
• Catalytic converter: means a device that is incorporated in a motor vehicle's exhaust system and contains a catalyst for converting pollutant gas emissions into less harmful emissions, regardless of whether the device has been removed from a motor vehicle's exhaust system. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 289-1
• Cemetery: means any property, or part interest therein, dedicated to and used or intended to be used for the permanent interment of human remains. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 441-1
• Cemetery authority: means any person who undertakes to establish, maintain, manage, operate, improve, or conduct a cemetery to inter human remains; or offers perpetual care of the cemetery; or sells or holds money in trust for pre-need interment services, whether or not the person undertakes such activity for profit; provided that this shall not apply to the designated trustee of the funds. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 441-1
• Cemetery property: means any property, or part or interest therein, dedicated to, used or intended to be used for, the permanent interment of human remains. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 441-1
• Certificate of disability: means a medical statement issued by a licensed practicing physician, physician assistant, or advanced practice registered nurse that verifies that a person is disabled, limited, or impaired in the ability to walk. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-51
• CFC: means any member of the family of substances containing carbon, fluorine, and chlorine, including, without limitation, those compounds known as CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-13, CFC-14, CFC-113, CFC-114, CFC-115, CFC-116, CFC-500, CFC-502, and CFC-503, and any combination or mixture containing any of these chlorofluorocarbon compounds. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 444-1
• Chambers: A judge's office.
• Client: means a person who offered or extended credit which created a debt, or to whom a debt is owed, and who engages the professional services of a collection agency. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 443B-1
• Collection agency: includes :

  (1) Any person using any name other than the person's own in collecting the person's own claims with the intention of conveying, or which tends to convey the impression that a third party has been employed;

  (2) Any person who, in the conduct of the person's business for a fee, regularly repossesses any merchandise or chattels for another; and

  (3) Any person who regularly accepts the assignment of claims or money due on accounts or other forms of indebtedness and brings suits upon the assigned claims or money due on accounts or other forms of indebtedness in the person's own name; provided that any suits shall be initiated and prosecuted by an attorney who shall have been appointed by the assignee. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 443B-1

• Commission: means the real estate commission of the State. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Commissioner: means the commissioner of financial institutions of this State. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 412:1-109
• Common elements: means :

  (1) All portions of a condominium other than the units; and

  (2) Any other interests in real estate for the benefit of unit owners that are subject to the declaration. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3

• Common expenses: means expenditures made by, or financial liabilities of, the association for operation of the property, and shall include any allocations to reserves. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Common interest: means the percentage of undivided interest in the common elements appurtenant to each unit, as expressed in the declaration, and any specified percentage of the common interest means such percentage of the undivided interests in the aggregate. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
• Communication: means directly or indirectly conveying information regarding a debt to any person by any means. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 443B-1
• Company: means any corporation, partnership, trust (business or otherwise), association, joint venture, pool syndicate, unincorporated organization, or any form of business entity not specifically listed herein and, unless specifically excluded, a financial institution; provided that "company" does not mean any trust existing on July 1, 1993, which under its terms must terminate within twenty-five years, or not later than twenty-one years and ten months after the death of individuals living on the effective date of the trust. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 412:1-109
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Completion of construction: means the earliest of:

  (1) The issuance of a certificate of occupancy for the unit;

  (2) The date of completion for the project, or the phase of the project that includes the unit, as defined in section 507-43;

  (3) The recordation of the "as built" amendment to the declaration that includes the unit;

  (4) The issuance of the architect's certificate of substantial completion for the project, or the phase of the project that includes the unit; or

  (5) The date the unit is completed so as to permit normal occupancy. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3

• Condominium: means real estate, portions of which are designated for separate ownership and the remainder of which is designated for common ownership solely by the owners of those portions. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Condominium map: means , however denominated, a map or plan of the condominium property regime containing the information required by § 514B-33. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Contractor: means any person who by oneself or through others offers to undertake, or holds oneself out as being able to undertake, or does undertake to alter, add to, subtract from, improve, enhance, or beautify any realty or construct, alter, repair, add to, subtract from, improve, move, wreck, or demolish any building, highway, road, railroad, excavation, or other structure, project, development, or improvement, or do any part thereof, including the erection of scaffolding or other structures or works in connection therewith. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 444-1
• Control: means , unless the context clearly requires otherwise, directly or indirectly, solely or through another person or transaction, or in concert with another:

  (1) Owning or having the power to vote twenty-five per cent or more of any class of voting securities;

  (2) Owning or having the power to exercise twenty-five per cent or more of the votes of a mutual association, credit union, or other entity whose voting rights are not determined by voting securities;

  (3) Owning or having the power to vote ten per cent or more of any class of voting securities if:

  (A) the issuer of that class of securities has issued any class of securities under section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; or

  (B) immediately after the acquisition, no other person will own a greater percentage of that class of voting securities;

  (4) Having the power to elect by any means a majority of the directors; or

  (5) Having the power to exercise a dominant influence over management, if so determined by the commissioner after notice and a hearing. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 412:1-109

• Controlled-access highway: means every highway, street, or roadway in respect to which owners or occupants of abutting lands and other persons have no legal right of access to or from the same except at such points only and in such manner as may be determined by the public authority having jurisdiction over such highway, street, or roadway. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• conversion: means the submission of a structure to a condominium property regime more than twelve months after the completion of construction; provided that structures used as sales offices or models for a project and later submitted to a condominium property regime shall not be considered to be converted structures. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• county: includes the city and county of Honolulu. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 1-22
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Debt: means any obligation or alleged obligation of a consumer to pay money or other forms of payment arising out of a transaction in which the money, property, insurance, or services, which are the subject of the transaction, are primarily for personal, family, or household purposes, whether or not such obligation has been reduced to judgment. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 443B-1
• Debtor: means any person or the person's spouse or reciprocal beneficiary, parent (if the person is a minor), guardian, executor, or administrator obligated or allegedly obligated to pay a debt. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 443B-1
• Decedent: A deceased person.
• Declaration: means any instrument, however denominated, that creates a condominium, including any amendments to the instrument. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Department: means the department of commerce and consumer affairs. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 441-1
• Department: means the department of commerce and consumer affairs. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 443B-1
• Department: means the department of commerce and consumer affairs. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 444-1
• Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
• Depository institution: means a financial institution that is authorized to accept deposits under its chartering or licensing authority and includes a bank, savings bank, savings and loan association, depository financial services loan company, credit union, or intra-Pacific bank. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 412:1-109
• deposits: means money or its equivalent received or held by a person in the usual course of business and for which it has given or is obligated to give credit, either conditionally or unconditionally, to a demand, checking, savings, time, passbook, negotiable order of withdrawal, thrift, or share account, or which is evidenced by its passbook, certificate of deposit, thrift certificate, investment certificate, certificate of indebtedness, or other similar instrument, or a check, draft, or share draft drawn against a deposit account and certified by a person, on which the person is primarily liable. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 412:1-109
• Developer: means a person who undertakes to develop a real estate condominium project, including a person who succeeds to the interest of the developer by acquiring a controlling interest in the developer or in the project. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Development rights: means any right or combination of rights reserved by a developer in the declaration to:

  (1) Add real estate to a condominium;

  (2) Create units, common elements, or limited common elements within a condominium;

  (3) Subdivide units, combine units, or convert units into common elements;

  (4) Withdraw real estate from a condominium;

  (5) Merge projects or increments of a project; or

  (6) Otherwise alter the condominium. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3

• Director: means the director of the department of commerce and consumer affairs. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 441-1
• Director: means the director of commerce and consumer affairs. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 443B-1
• Director: means the director of commerce and consumer affairs. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 444-1
• Director of finance: means the director of finance of each county. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 289-1
• Disability and communication access board: means the disability and communication access board established by chapter 348F. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-51
• Disability parking permit: means a removable windshield placard, special license plate, temporary removable windshield placard, or disabled paid parking exemption permit. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-51
• Disabled paid parking exemption permit: means a permit to be displayed on a dashboard or contained elsewhere on the vehicle, a code, or a two-sided, hanger style placard that indicates that the individual to whom the permit, code, or placard is issued pursuant to this part is licensed to drive a motor vehicle and not able to reach or operate a parking meter or unattended pay station because of a physical disability. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-51
• Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
• Driver: means every person who drives or is in actual physical control of a vehicle. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Economic development project: means an endeavor related to industrial, commercial, or advanced technology-based agricultural enterprise "Economic development project" shall not include that portion of an endeavor devoted to the construction of housing

  "Economic zone" means a tract of real property determined by the board as being suitable for use as building sites for projects by one or more industrial, processing, production, or manufacturing enterprises engaged in technology, including but not limited to high technology support facilities, such as greenhouses and manufacturing, value-added, processing, and packaging facilities; research; training; technical analyses; software development; pilot plant; energy development; or prototype product development. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 206M-1

• Electric foot scooter: means a device:
  (1) Weighing less than seventy-five pounds;
  (2) With two or three wheels;
  (3) With handlebars;
  (4) With either:

  (A) A floorboard that can be stood upon while riding; or

  (B) A seat or saddle for the use of the rider and stationary footrests;
  (5) That is powered by an electric motor or human power; and
  (6) Whose maximum speed, with or without human propulsion on a paved level surface, does not exceed fifteen miles per hour. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• entering: means to note the purpose of a filed or recorded document on the certificate of title. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 501-20
• Enterprise: means a person with a place of business in Hawaii which is, or proposes to be, engaged in business in Hawaii; provided that the endeavor shall not be devoted to the sale of goods at retail, construction of housing, or tourism- related services. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 206M-1
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Executive session: A portion of the Senate's daily session in which it considers executive business.
• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
• Federal: means belonging to, part of, or related to the government of the United States of America. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 412:1-109
• Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation: A government corporation that insures the deposits of all national and state banks that are members of the Federal Reserve System. ^{Source: OCC}
• Federal Home Loan Bank: means a federal home loan bank created and organized under the authority of the Federal Home Loan Bank Act. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 412:1-109
• Fee simple: Absolute title to property with no limitations or restrictions regarding the person who may inherit it.
• Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
• filing: means to accept, maintain, and preserve all instruments required to be filed. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 501-20
• Finance charge: The total cost of credit a customer must pay on a consumer loan, including interest. The Truth in Lending Act requires disclosure of the finance charge. ^{Source: OCC}
• Financial institution: means a Hawaii financial institution, and unless the context indicates otherwise, a federal financial institution or foreign financial institution. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 412:1-109
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Fixed Rate: Having a "fixed" rate means that the APR doesn't change based on fluctuations of some external rate (such as the "Prime Rate"). In other words, a fixed rate is a rate that is not a variable rate. A fixed APR can change over time, in several circumstances:
  • You are late making a payment or commit some other default, triggering an increase to a penalty rate
  • The bank changes the terms of your account and you do not reject the change.
  • The rate expires (if the rate was fixed for only a certain period of time).
• Flatrack: means an open-sided platform mounted on a chassis without motive power designed to be drawn by a motor vehicle and used to carry property. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-21.3
• Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• Funeral services: means arranging for or providing for pick up of human remains, embalming, placing the same on display, or otherwise providing for final disposition of human remains. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 441-1
• Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
• Glazing material: means any glass, plastic, or like material, manufactured for use in or on a vehicle, including but not limited to windshields, window openings, or interior partitions. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-21.3
• Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it.
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• HCFC: means any member of the family of substances containing hydrogen, carbon, fluorine, and chlorine, including, without limitation, those compounds known as HCFC-22 and HCFC-123 and any combination or mixture containing any of three hydrochlorofluorocarbon compounds. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 444-1
• Highway: means the entire width between the boundary lines of every way publicly maintained and those private streets, as defined in § 46-16, over which the application of this chapter has been extended by ordinance, when any part thereof is open to the use of the public for purposes of vehicular travel. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• House trailer: means :
  (1) A trailer or semitrailer which is designed, constructed, and equipped as a dwelling place, living abode, or sleeping place (either permanently or temporarily) and is equipped for use as a conveyance on streets and highways; or
  (2) A trailer or a semitrailer whose chassis and exterior shell is designed and constructed for use as a house trailer, as defined in paragraph (1), but which is used instead permanently or temporarily for the advertising, sales, display, or promotion of merchandise or services, or for any other commercial purpose except the transportation of property for hire or the transportation of property for distribution by a private carrier. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• immediate family: means the spouse of an individual, the individual's minor children, and any of the individual's children (including adults) residing in the individual's home. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 412:1-109
• Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. ^{Source: OCC}
• Interment: means the disposition of human remains by cremation and inurnment, entombment, or burial in a place used, or intended to be used, and dedicated for cemetery purposes. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 441-1
• International symbol of access: means the symbol adopted by Rehabilitation International in 1969 at its Eleventh World Congress on Rehabilitation of the Disabled. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-51
• Intersection: means the area embraced within the prolongation or connection of the lateral curb lines, or, if none, then the lateral boundary lines of the roadways of two highways which join one another at, or approximately at, right angles, or the area within which vehicles traveling upon different highways joining at any other angle may come in conflict. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Intestate: Dying without leaving a will.
• Intoxicating liquor: means the same as the term is defined in section 281-1. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-1
• Invalid disability parking permit: means an expired or voided removable windshield placard, temporary removable windshield placard, special license plates, or disabled paid parking exemption permit. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-51
• Investigator: means any person employed by the department of commerce and consumer affairs to investigate matters relating to any person who furnishes commodities or services for which a license is required from the department or any board or commission thereunder. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 444-1
• Issuing agency: means the disability and communication access board. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-51
• judgment: includes an order or decree having the effect of a judgment. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 501-151
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Leasehold time share interest: means a time share interest consisting of an undivided interest in an apartment lease. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 501-20
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Light transmittance: means the ratio of the amount of total visible light, expressed in percentages, which is allowed to pass through the product or material, including the glazing material, to the amount of total visible light falling on the product or material and the glazing material. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-21.3
• Limited common element: means a portion of the common elements designated by the declaration or by operation of § 514B-35 for the exclusive use of one or more but fewer than all of the units. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
• Loans and extensions of credit: includes a contractual commitment to advance funds. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 412:1-109
• majority of the unit owners: means the owners of units to which are appurtenant more than fifty per cent of the common interests. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Managing agent: means any person retained, as an independent contractor, for the purpose of managing the operation of the property. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Material change: means any change of circumstance which might affect a collection agency's registration, including the assigning, selling, leasing, encumbering, or other transfer of the rights, privileges, and obligations of a collection agency, whether voluntarily or involuntarily or directly or indirectly, including by transfer of fifty-one per cent of control of any collection agency, whether by change in ownership or otherwise. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 443B-1
• Mausoleum crypt: means a chamber or space in a structure or building of sufficient size, used or intended to be used, to entomb human remains. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 441-1
• month: means a calendar month; and the word "year" a calendar year. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 1-20
• Moped: means a device upon which a person may ride that has :
  (1) Two or three wheels in contact with the ground;
  (2) A motor having a maximum power output capability measured at the motor output shaft, in accordance with SAE International standards, of two horsepower (one thousand four hundred ninety-two watts) or less and, if it is a combustion engine, a maximum piston or rotor displacement of 3. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
• Mortgage loan: A loan made by a lender to a borrower for the financing of real property. ^{Source: OCC}
• Mortgagee: The person to whom property is mortgaged and who has loaned the money.
• Mortgagor: The person who pledges property to a creditor as collateral for a loan and who receives the money.
• Motor vehicle: means every vehicle which is self-propelled and every vehicle which is propelled by electric power but not operated upon rails but excludes a moped. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Motor vehicle: means every vehicle which is self-propelled. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 289-1
• Niche: means a recess of space in a structure or plot of earth used or intended to be used for the permanent inurnment therein of the cremated remains of one or more deceased persons. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 441-1
• Notice of time share plan: means a notice of time share plan as that term is defined in chapter 514E. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 501-20
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• Operation of the property: means the administration, fiscal management, and physical operation of the property, and includes the maintenance, repair, and replacement of, and the making of any additions and improvements to, the common elements. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Owner: means a person, other than a lien holder, having the property in or title to a vehicle. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Paid-in capital: means the amount of capital actually received by the financial institution for its capital stock, membership shares or share accounts, as the case may be. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 412:1-109
• parking: means the standing of a vehicle, whether occupied or not, otherwise than temporarily for the purpose of and while actually engaged in loading or unloading merchandise or passengers. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Parking space reserved for persons with disabilities: means a public or private parking space, including the access aisle, designated for the use of a person with a disability that is designed and constructed in compliance with the requirements of the federal Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as

  amended, and related rules and guidelines, and is marked with a sign designating the parking space as reserved for persons with disabilities. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-51

• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Pedestrian: means any person afoot, in an invalid chair, or in a vehicle propelled by a person afoot. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Perpetual care cemetery: means any cemetery or section of a cemetery, the plots, crypts, or niches of which are sold or disposed of, or are offered for sale or disposition, upon the representation that the plots, crypts, or niches will receive perpetual care. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 441-1
• Perpetual care fund: means a fund separately maintained to provide for the perpetual care of a cemetery in conformity with this chapter. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 441-1
• Person: means an individual, partnership, corporation, county, association, or any other group however organized. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 441-1
• Person: means an individual, firm, corporation, partnership, association, trust, or other legal entity, or any combination thereof. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Person: means a natural person, entity or organization, including without limitation an individual, corporation, joint venture, partnership, sole proprietorship, association, cooperative, estate, trust, or governmental unit. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 412:1-109
• Person with a disability: means a person with a disability that limits or impairs the ability to walk, and who, as determined by a licensed practicing physician, physician assistant, or an advanced practice registered nurse:
  (1) Cannot walk two hundred feet without stopping to rest, and who has been diagnosed with:

  (A) An arthritic, neurological, orthopedic, renal, vascular, or oncological condition;

  (B) Lung disease to such an extent that the person's forced (respiratory) expiratory volume for one second, when measured by spirometry, is less than one liter, or the arterial oxygen tension is less than sixty mm/hg on room air at rest; or

  (C) A cardiac condition to the extent that the person's functional limitations are classified in severity as Class III or Class IV according to the standards set by the American Heart Association; and
  (2) Because of a condition identified in paragraph (1):

  (A) Cannot walk two hundred feet under the person's own power without stopping to rest;

  (B) Cannot walk without the use of, or assistance from, a brace, cane, crutch, another person, prosthetic device, wheelchair, or other assistive device; or

  (C) Uses portable oxygen. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-51
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
• Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
• Plot: means a grave or space in a cemetery sold or otherwise disposed of to one or more persons, used or intended to be used, for the permanent interment therein of the remains of one or more deceased persons. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 441-1
• Police officer: means every officer authorized to direct or regulate traffic or to make arrests for violations of traffic regulations. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Pre-need funeral authority: means any person who is engaged in the business of selling pre-need funeral services, or holds money in trust to provide for future funeral services; provided that this shall not apply to the designated trustee of the funds. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 441-1
• Pre-need interment services: means the furnishing of opening and closing services and related commodities, including but not limited to vaults, markers, and vases, which services are to be rendered at some future date. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 441-1
• Pre-need trust: means a fund separately maintained to provide for the future services agreed to or contracted for by the pre-need funeral service plan participant or the pre-need interment service plan participant. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 441-1
• Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.
• Principal collector: means an individual who has been designated by a collection agency to assume responsibility for the operations and activities of the agency's office in this State. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 443B-1
• Private entity: means a private owner or lessee of a parking facility or site where invitation to the general public is expressed or implied. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-51
• Private parking: means a privately owned parking facility or site where invitation to the general public is expressed or implied. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-51
• Probate: Proving a will
• Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
• Project: means a real estate condominium project; a plan or project whereby a condominium of two or more units located within the condominium property regime are created. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Property: includes parcels with or without upper or lower boundaries, and spaces that may be filled with air or water. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
• Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
• Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
• Railroad: means a carrier of persons or property upon cars operated upon stationary rails. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Railroad train: means a steam engine, electric or other motor, with or without cars coupled thereto, operated upon rails. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• recording: means to record in the bureau of conveyances in accordance with chapter 502, or to register in the land court in accordance with chapter 501. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• recording: means to make an entire literal copy of all instruments required to be recorded. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 501-20
• Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Refrigerant recovery and recycling equipment: means a device used to recover and to purify CFCs from a device for later reuse. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 444-1
• Regular practice: means duties being of the sort or kind that are expected, ordinary, or typical of the profession. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 443B-1
• Regular wage or salary: means the expected, ordinary, or typical payment for employment. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 443B-1
• Regularly repossesses: means to locate, confiscate, and return merchandise or chattels to a client whenever the client requires service. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 443B-1
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Removable windshield placard: means a two-sided, hanger-style placard issued under this part to a person with a disability who presents a certificate of disability that verifies that the applicant's disability is expected to last for at least six years. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-51
• Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
• Resident manager: means any person retained as an employee by the association to manage, on-site, the operation of the property. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Retained earnings: means the net income of a financial institution earned since its inception which has not been distributed to its shareholders or transferred or allocated to capital stock or surplus or, as the case may be, the accumulated deficits of the financial institution. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 412:1-109
• Right of rescission: Right to cancel, within three business days, a contract that uses the home of a person as collateral, except in the case of a first mortgage loan. There is no fee to the borrower, who receives a full refund of all fees paid. The right of rescission is guaranteed by the Truth in Lending Act (TILA). ^{Source: OCC}
• Right-of-way: means the right of one vehicle or pedestrian to proceed in a lawful manner in preference to another vehicle or pedestrian approaching under such circumstances of direction, speed, and proximity as to give rise to danger of collision unless one grants precedence to the other. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Roadway: means that portion of a highway improved, designed, or ordinarily used for vehicular travel, exclusive of the berm or shoulder. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Safety zone: means the area or space officially set apart within a roadway for the exclusive use of pedestrians and which is protected or is so marked or indicated by adequate signs as to be plainly visible at all times while set apart as a safety zone. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Sale: means any arrangement between two or more persons as a result of which there is, or is to be, a transfer of property for a consideration. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 444-1
• Scenic lookout: includes any area within or adjoining a public street, road, or highway which is intended for use by motorists as a stopping or parking area attendant to the enjoyment of the surrounding scenery or a view. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-1
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• Sign designating the parking space as reserved for persons with disabilities: means a sign which contains:
  (1) The words, "Reserved Parking";
  (2) The international symbol of access;
  (3) Words indicating that the space is reserved for parking by persons with disabilities who have valid placards or special license plates; and
  (4) The maximum fine for parking illegally in the space. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-51
• Special license plate: means a license plate that displays the international symbol of access:
  (1) In a color that contrasts to the background; and
  (2) In the same size as the letters or numbers on the plate. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-51
• standing: means the halting of a vehicle, whether occupied or not, otherwise than temporarily for the purpose of and while actually engaged in receiving or discharging passengers. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• State: means the State of Hawaii. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 501-20
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Street: means the entire width between boundary lines of every way publicly maintained when any part thereof is open to the use of the public for purposes of vehicular travel. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Structures: includes but is not limited to buildings. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
• Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
• Sun screening devices: means products or materials used or designed to be used in conjunction with glazing materials for the purpose of reducing the effects of the sun, including, but not limited to tinting films and perforated sun screening materials, but excluding louvered materials. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-21.3
• surplus: includes retained earnings, whether or not transferred or allocated to surplus. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 412:1-109
• Temporary removable windshield placard: means a two-sided, hanger-style placard issued under this part to a person with a disability who presents a certificate of disability that verifies the person's disability in monthly increments, which shall not exceed six months. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291-51
• Testator: A male person who leaves a will at death.
• Testify: Answer questions in court.
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• this State: means the State of Hawaii, its political subdivisions, agencies, and departments. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 412:1-109
• Through highway: means every highway or portion thereof on which vehicular traffic is given preferential right-of-way, and at the entrances to which vehicular traffic from intersecting highways is required by law to yield the right-of-way to vehicles on such through highway in obedience to a stop sign, yield sign, or other official traffic-control device, when such signs or devices are erected as provided by law. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Time share interest: means a time share interest as that term is defined in chapter 514E. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 501-20
• Time share plan: means a time share plan as that term is defined in chapter 514E. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 501-20
• Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
• Toy bicycle: means every device propelled solely by human power upon which any person may ride, having two tandem wheels, including any device generally recognized as a bicycle though equipped with two front or two rear wheels, which has a seat height of not more than twenty-five inches from the ground when the seat is adjusted to its highest position; or a scooter or similar device regardless of seat height. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Traffic: means pedestrians, ridden or herded animals, vehicles, and other conveyances either singly or together while using any highway for purposes of travel. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
• Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Trustee: means a bank or a trust company, authorized to transact such business in the State, or a board of trustees appointed by the governing body of the cemetery and pre-need funeral authority, designated as trustee pursuant to a written trust agreement under the terms of this chapter for the funds deposited by an authority. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 441-1
• Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
• Truth in Lending Act: The Truth in Lending Act is a federal law that requires lenders to provide standardized information so that borrowers can compare loan terms. In general, lenders must provide information on ^{Source: OCC}
• Unit: means a physical or spatial portion of the condominium designated for separate ownership or occupancy, the boundaries of which are described in the declaration or pursuant to § 514B-35, with an exit to a public road or to a common element leading to a public road. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Unit owner: means the person owning, or the persons owning jointly or in common, a unit and its appurtenant common interest; provided that to such extent and for such purposes as provided by recorded lease, including the exercise of voting rights, a lessee of a unit shall be deemed to be the unit owner. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 514B-3
• Used motor vehicle part or accessory: means a motor vehicle part or motor vehicle accessory which has been the subject of prior sale at retail, either individually or attached to a motor vehicle as a component part or accessory thereof. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 289-1
• Vehicle: means every device in, upon, or by which any person or property is or may be transported or drawn upon a roadway or highway, including mopeds and bicycles, but excluding toy bicycles, devices other than bicycles moved by human power, and devices used exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291C-1
• Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.