Terms Used In Hawaii Revised Statutes > Chapter 560 > Article III > Part 7 - Duties and Powers of Personal Representatives

• Adjournment sine die: The end of a legislative session "without day." These adjournments are used to indicate the final adjournment of an annual or the two-year session of legislature.
• Administrative revocation: means termination of the respondent's license, and the privilege to operate a vessel underway on or in the waters of the State pursuant to part III, but does not include any revocation imposed under § 291E-61 or 291E-61. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Alcohol: means ethanol or any substance containing ethanol. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Alcohol concentration: means either grams of alcohol per one hundred milliliters or cubic centimeters of blood or grams of alcohol per two hundred ten liters of breath. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Alcohol enforcement contact: means :
  (1) Any administrative revocation ordered pursuant to part III;
  (2) Any administrative revocation ordered pursuant to part XIV of chapter 286, as that part was in effect on or before December 31, 2001;
  (3) Any suspension or revocation of any license or any suspension or revocation of a privilege to operate a vessel underway imposed by this or any other state or federal jurisdiction for refusing to submit to a test for alcohol concentration;
  (4) Any conviction in this State for operating or being in physical control of a vehicle while having an unlawful alcohol concentration or while under the influence of alcohol; or
  (5) Any conviction in any other state or federal jurisdiction for an offense that is comparable to operating or being in physical control of a vehicle while having an unlawful alcohol concentration or while under the influence of alcohol. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Appraisal: A determination of property value.
• Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• Association: means the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 451J-1
• attendance: means a student is physically present in school after enrollment. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101
• Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
• Board: means the board of education. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101
• Certified substance abuse counselor: means any person certified by the department of health pursuant to section 321-193(10), or any other substance abuse specialist or medical practitioner the director of health may appoint to carry out the functions of a certified substance abuse counselor under this chapter. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Clerk of court: An officer appointed by the court to work with the chief judge in overseeing the court's administration, especially to assist in managing the flow of cases through the court and to maintain court records.
• Clinical supervision: means the supervision of no more than six persons at the same time who are acquiring and completing clinical experience in accordance with section 451J-7(2) and (3), by a licensed marriage and family therapist whose license has been in good standing in any state for two years preceding commencement and during the term of supervision, or any licensed mental health professional whose license has been in good standing in any state and who has been a clinical member in good standing of the association for the two years preceding commencement and during the term of supervision. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 451J-1
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Complex: means the high school and those elementary, middle, and intermediate schools that feed into the high school as designated by the department. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101
• Complex area: means the administrative unit that includes one or more complexes as designated by the department. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101
• Computer science content: means courses of instruction that provide:

  (1) Computer science instruction that is integrated with another subject; and

  (2) A final grade to each student. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101

• Computer science courses: means courses of instruction that provide:

  (1) Computer science instruction in stand-alone implementations; and

  (2) A final grade to each student. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101

• Conference committee: A temporary, ad hoc panel composed of conferees from both chamber of a legislature which is formed for the purpose of reconciling differences in legislation that has passed both chambers. Conference committees are usually convened to resolve bicameral differences on major and controversial legislation.
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• county: includes the city and county of Honolulu. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 1-22
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Decedent: A deceased person.
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Department: means the department of commerce and consumer affairs. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 451A-1
• Department: means the department of commerce and consumer affairs. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 451J-1
• Department: means the department of education. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101
• Department school: means any school that falls within the definition of "public schools" as that term is defined in section 302A-101, and is not a charter school. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101
• Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
• Director: means the director of commerce and consumer affairs. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 451A-1
• Director: means the director of commerce and consumer affairs. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 451J-1
• Director: means the administrative director of the courts or any other person within the judiciary appointed by the director to conduct administrative reviews or hearings or carry out other functions relating to administrative revocation under part III. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
• District: means the state public education system as a whole, except as used by the department for federal compliance and reporting requirements. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101
• Drug: means any controlled substance, as defined and enumerated in schedules I through IV of chapter 329, or its metabolites, or any substance that, when taken into the human body, can impair the ability of a person to operate a vehicle safely. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• enrollment: means a student has met all of the department's requirements for entrance and is formally placed on a school's roll. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Exceptional children: includes :

  (1) Persons under twenty-two years of age who deviate from the so-called normal person in physical, mental, social, or emotional characteristics or abilities to such an extent that specialized training, techniques, and equipment are required to enable these persons to attain the maximum of their abilities or capacities; provided that "exceptional children" shall not include "gifted and talented children";

  (2) Persons under twenty-two years of age who by reason of physical defects cannot attend the regular public school classes with normal children; and

  (3) Persons under twenty-two years of age who are certified by a licensed physician eligible for membership in the state medical society as being emotionally maladjusted or intellectually incapable of profiting from ordinary instructional methods. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101

• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
• Family systems theories: means a body of research which focuses on understanding the family system and other social systems of the individual as integral to evaluating the etiology and providing treatment of mental and nervous disorders. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 451J-1
• Fee simple: Absolute title to property with no limitations or restrictions regarding the person who may inherit it.
• Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
• Grace period: The number of days you'll have to pay your bill for purchases in full without triggering a finance charge. ^{Source: Federal Reserve}
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Hearing aid: means any wearable instrument or device and any parts, attachments, or accessories, including earmold, but excluding batteries and cords, designed or offered for the purpose of aiding or compensating impaired human hearing. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 451A-1
• Highly intoxicated driver: means a person whose measurable amount of alcohol is:
  (1) . See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Household member: means :
  (1) Persons who reside in the same dwelling unit as the respondent; or
  (2) Persons under twenty-one years of age who are related to the respondent by marriage, blood, or adoption, regardless of whether they reside in the same dwelling unit with the respondent. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Ignition interlock device: means a breath alcohol ignition interlock device that is certified pursuant to section 291E-6 and rules adopted thereunder that, when affixed to the ignition system of a motor vehicle, prevents the vehicle from being started without first testing, and thereafter from being operated without periodically retesting, a deep-lung breath sample of the person required to use the device that indicates the person's alcohol concentration is less than . See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Impair: means to weaken, to lessen in power, to diminish, to damage, or to make worse by diminishing in some material respect or otherwise affecting in an injurious manner. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• Intestate: Dying without leaving a will.
• Intoxicant: means alcohol or any drug, as defined in this section. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Law enforcement officer: means any public servant, whether employed by the State, a county, or by the United States, vested by law with a duty to maintain public order or to make arrests for offenses or to enforce the criminal laws, and includes a conservation and resources enforcement officer as specified in section 199-3. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• License: means the recognition granted by the Hawaii teacher standards board to an individual to practice the profession of teaching. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101
• License: means any driver's license or any other license or permit to operate a motor vehicle issued under, or granted by, the laws of this State and includes:
  (1) Any learner's permit or instruction permit;
  (2) The privilege of any person to operate a motor vehicle, regardless of whether the person holds a valid license;
  (3) Any nonresident's operating privilege; and
  (4) The eligibility, including future eligibility, of any person to apply for a license or privilege to operate a motor vehicle. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• licensed marriage and family therapist: means a person who uses the title of marriage and family therapist or licensed marriage and family therapist, who has been issued a license under this chapter, and whose license is in effect and not revoked or suspended at the time in question. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 451J-1
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
• Measurable amount of alcohol: means a test result equal to or greater than . See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• month: means a calendar month; and the word "year" a calendar year. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 1-20
• Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
• Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
• notice: means the written notice issued to the respondent pursuant to section 291E-33. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Number plates: refer to the number plates or special number plates, which are commonly known as license plates, that are issued under sections 249-9, 249-9. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• Operate: means to drive or assume actual physical control of a vehicle upon a public way, street, road, or highway or to navigate or otherwise use or assume physical control of a vessel underway on or in the waters of the State. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Operator: means a person who drives or assumes actual physical control of a vehicle or a person who operates, navigates, or who has an essential role in the operation of a vessel underway. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
• Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
• Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.
• Privilege: refers to the authority to operate a vessel underway on or in the waters of the State. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
• Probate: Proving a will
• Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
• Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
• Public schools: means all academic and noncollege type schools established and maintained by the department and charter schools governed by chapter 302D. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101
• Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Respondent: means a person to whom a notice of administrative revocation has been issued following an arrest for a violation of § 291E-61 or 291E-61. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
• Sale: means any transfer of title, interest, or possession except transactions with distributors or dealers. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 451A-1
• School meals: means breakfast and lunch prepared and served by a school cafeteria. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• Special facilities: includes buildings, equipment, and materials; transportation; boarding homes; and personnel qualified to work with exceptional children. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101
• Special services: means physiotherapy, or any form of muscle training, speech training, occupational therapy, vocational training, psychological evaluation, or any of them. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101
• State: means : any state or possession of the United States; the District of Columbia; the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; the United States Virgin Islands; American Samoa; Guam; any province or territory of the Dominion of Canada; and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, except when the word, in context, clearly refers to the State of Hawaii. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
• Substance: means any plant, medication, poison, natural or synthetic chemical, or any compound or combination of these, and includes but is not limited to central nervous system depressants, central nervous systems stimulants, hallucinogens, dissociative anesthetics, narcotic analgesics, inhalants, and cannabis. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Substance abuse: means the use or misuse of alcohol, any drug on schedules I through IV of chapter 329, or any substance as defined in this section, to any extent deemed deleterious or detrimental to the user, to others, or to society. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
• Superintendent: means the superintendent of education. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101
• Teacher: means a person whose duties in the public educational system are primarily teaching or instruction of students or related activities centered primarily on students and who is in close and continuous contact with students, and shall include but not be limited to classroom teachers, school librarians, counselors, registrars, and special education teachers. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 302A-101
• Temporary permit: means that portion of the notice of administrative revocation that, when completed by a law enforcement officer, permits the respondent to operate a vehicle for thirty days in the case of an alcohol related offense and forty-four days in the case of a drug related offense or until such time as the director may establish under part III. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
• Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
• Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
• Under the influence: means that a person:
  (1) Is under the influence of alcohol in an amount sufficient to impair the person's normal mental faculties or ability to care for the person and guard against casualty;
  (2) Is under the influence of any drug that impairs the person's ability to operate the vehicle in a careful and prudent manner;
  (3) Has . See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Uphold: The decision of an appellate court not to reverse a lower court decision.
• Valid license: means a license that:
  (1) Is issued by an authorized licensing official in any state;
  (2) Authorizes an individual to operate a motor vehicle on public streets, roads, or highways; and
  (3) Has not expired or been revoked, suspended, or canceled. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Vehicle: includes a:
  (1) Motor vehicle;
  (2) Moped; and
  (3) Vessel. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 291E-1
• Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.