§ 36-96.1 Declaration of policy
§ 36-96.1:1 Definitions
§ 36-96.2 Exemptions
§ 36-96.3 Unlawful discriminatory housing practices
§ 36-96.3:1 Rights and responsibilities with respect to the use of an assistance animal in a dwelling
§ 36-96.3:2 Reasonable accommodations; interactive process
§ 36-96.4 Discrimination in residential real estate-related transactions; unlawful practices by lenders, insurers, appraisers, etc.; deposit of state funds in such institutions
§ 36-96.5 Interference with enjoyment of rights of others under this chapter
§ 36-96.6 Certain restrictive covenants void; instruments containing such covenants
§ 36-96.7 Familial status protection not applicable to housing for older persons
§ 36-96.8 Powers of Real Estate Board and Fair Housing Board
§ 36-96.9 Procedures for receipt or initiation of complaint; notice to parties; filing of answer
§ 36-96.10 Procedures for investigation
§ 36-96.11 Reasonable cause determination and effect
§ 36-96.12 No reasonable cause determination and effect
§ 36-96.13 Conciliation
§ 36-96.14 Issuance of a charge
§ 36-96.15 Prompt judicial action
§ 36-96.16 Civil action by Attorney General upon referral of charge by the Real Estate Board
§ 36-96.17 Civil action by Attorney General; matters involving the legality of any local zoning or other land use ordinance; pattern or practice cases; or referral of conciliation agreement for enforceme
§ 36-96.18 Civil action; enforcement by private parties
§ 36-96.19 Witness fees
§ 36-96.20 Additional powers of the Real Estate Board; action on real estate licenses
§ 36-96.21 Powers of counties, cities and towns
§ 36-96.23 Construction of law
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Terms Used In Virginia Code > Title 36 > Chapter 5.1 - Virginia Fair Housing Law

  • Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
  • Articles of incorporation: means all documents constituting, at any particular time, the charter of a corporation. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
  • Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
  • Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
  • Board of directors: means the group of persons vested with the management of the business of the corporation irrespective of the name by which such group is designated, and "director" means a member of the board of directors. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
  • Board of supervisors: means the governing body of a county. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
  • Business: means a business of any kind located in a business improvement and recruitment district. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.12
  • Business improvement and recruitment district: means a district established by a locality under the provisions of this article within a Main Street District. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.12
  • Business improvement and recruitment district plan: means a proposal for a business improvement and recruitment district under the provisions of this article. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.12
  • City: means an independent incorporated community which became a city as provided by law before noon on July 1, 1971, or which has within defined boundaries a population of 5,000 or more and which has become a city as provided by law. See Virginia Code 1-208
  • Commission: means the State Corporation Commission of Virginia. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
  • Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
  • Council: means the governing body of a city or town. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
  • County: means any existing county or such unit hereafter created. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
  • Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
  • Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
  • Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
  • Disinterested director: means a director who, at the time action is to be taken under § 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
  • Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
  • domestic corporation: means a corporation not authorized by law to issue shares, irrespective of the nature of the business to be transacted, organized under this chapter or existing pursuant to the laws of the Commonwealth on January 1, 1986, or that, by virtue of articles of incorporation, amendment, or merger, has become a domestic corporation of the Commonwealth, even though also being a corporation organized under laws other than the laws of the Commonwealth or that has become a domestic corporation of the Commonwealth pursuant to Article 11. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
  • Employee: includes , unless otherwise provided in the bylaws, an officer but not a director. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
  • Entity: includes any domestic or foreign corporation; any domestic or foreign stock corporation; any domestic or foreign unincorporated entity; any estate or trust; and any state, the United States, and any foreign government. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
  • Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. Source: U.S. Courts
  • Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
  • Fee: means a fee charged by a locality in accordance with a business improvement and recruitment district plan. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.12
  • Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor
  • Governing body: means the board of supervisors of a county, council of a city, or council of a town, as the context may require. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
  • governing body: includes both or all of them. See Virginia Code 15.2-2602
  • Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. Source: FDIC
  • Individual: means a natural person. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
  • inhabitants: means with reference to any county, city, town, political subdivision of the Commonwealth or any combination thereof, the natural persons in such county, city, town, political subdivision or combination as shown by the unadjusted United States decennial census last preceding the time at which any provision dependent upon population is being applied or the time as of which it is being construed. See Virginia Code 1-235
  • Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
  • Interest: means either or both of the following rights under the organic law of a foreign or domestic unincorporated entity:

    1. See Virginia Code 13.1-803

  • Interrogatories: Written questions asked by one party of an opposing party, who must answer them in writing under oath; a discovery device in a lawsuit.
  • Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
  • Locality: means any county, city, or town in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.12
  • Member: means one having a membership interest in a corporation in accordance with the provisions of its articles of incorporation or bylaws. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
  • Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
  • Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
  • Person: includes an individual and an entity. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
  • Personal property: All property that is not real property.
  • Personal representative: includes the executor of a will or the administrator of the estate of a decedent, the administrator of such estate with the will annexed, the administrator of such estate unadministered by a former representative, whether there is a will or not, any person who is under the order of a circuit court to take into his possession the estate of a decedent for administration, and every other curator of a decedent's estate, for or against whom suits may be brought for causes of action that accrued to or against the decedent. See Virginia Code 1-234
  • Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
  • Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
  • Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.
  • Proceeding: includes civil suit and criminal, administrative and investigatory action conducted by a governmental agency. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
  • Project: means any public improvement, property or undertaking for which the locality is authorized by law to appropriate money, except for current expenses, and specific undertakings from which the locality may derive revenues (sometimes called "revenue-producing undertakings") including, without limitation, water, sewer, sewage disposal, and garbage and refuse collection and disposal systems and facilities as defined in § 15. See Virginia Code 15.2-2602
  • real estate: includes lands, tenements and hereditaments, and all rights and appurtenances thereto and interests therein, other than a chattel interest. See Virginia Code 1-219
  • Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
  • state agency: means the same as that term is defined in § 2. See Virginia Code 1-206
  • Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
  • Temporary restraining order: Prohibits a person from an action that is likely to cause irreparable harm. This differs from an injunction in that it may be granted immediately, without notice to the opposing party, and without a hearing. It is intended to last only until a hearing can be held.
  • Testify: Answer questions in court.
  • Town: means any existing town or an incorporated community within one or more counties which became a town before noon, July one, nineteen hundred seventy-one, as provided by law or which has within defined boundaries a population of 1,000 or more and which has become a town as provided by law. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
  • Town: means any existing town or an incorporated community within one or more counties which became a town before noon, July 1, 1971, as provided by law or which has within defined boundaries a population of 1,000 or more and which has become a town as provided by law. See Virginia Code 1-254
  • Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
  • Voter: means a qualified voter as defined in § 24. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
  • Voting group: means all members of one or more classes that under the articles of incorporation or this chapter are entitled to vote and be counted together collectively on a matter at a meeting of members. See Virginia Code 13.1-803
  • written: means any information in the form of a document. See Virginia Code 13.1-803