(a) A self-help business improvement district ordinance shall provide that the special assessment levied on the owners of the real property located within the geographical area of the district shall be collected by the district management corporation. The collection procedures utilized by the district management corporation shall include the mailing of a notice of the special assessment to the person shown as owner of the property on the records of the tax assessor in the following manner:
Terms Used In Alabama Code 11-54B-9
Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. Source: OCC
Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. Source: OCC
Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). Source: OCC
Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
person: includes a corporation as well as a natural person. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
property: includes both real and personal property. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
real property: includes lands, tenements and hereditaments. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
state: when applied to the different parts of the United States, includes the District of Columbia and the several territories of the United States. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
year: means a calendar year; but, whenever the word "year" is used in reference to any appropriations for the payment of money out of the treasury, it shall mean fiscal year. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
(1) After October 1 of each year, the district management corporation may levy the special assessment for services to be provided during the following calendar year.(2) The assessment shall be due on December 1 and delinquent on January 1 following the October levy.(3) Upon delinquency, interest and penalties may be assessed in the amounts provided in subsection (d).(b) Notwithstanding subsection (a), the district management corporation, as it may determine in its sole discretion from time to time, may alter any of the procedures or dates set forth above as well as provide for other procedures for collection of the special assessment; provided, however, that no special assessment shall be due less than 15 days after levy nor delinquent less than 30 days after its due date. Until payment, any amounts owed pursuant to this section shall be a debt of the real owner of record as of 30 days following each levy.(c)(1) Such ordinance shall provide that the amount of any outstanding special assessment levied on a parcel of real property, together with any accrued interest , penalties, and fees provided in subsection (d), shall constitute a lien on such property upon the recording in the public records of the county in which the property is located of a claim of lien, stating the legal description or street address of the property, the name of the record owner, the amount due and the date when due. The claim of lien shall be signed and verified by an officer or agent of the district management corporation.(2) Liens provided for in subdivision (1) may be foreclosed by an action brought in the name of the district management corporation in the same manner as a foreclosure of a mortgage on real property. The district management corporation may bid on the property at foreclosure sale and acquire, hold, lease, mortgage, and convey the same. An action to recover a money judgment for unpaid assessments may be maintained without waiving such lien.(3) Upon full payment of all sums secured by the lien, the party making payment shall be entitled to a recordable satisfaction of lien.(4) The lien shall take precedence over all other liens, whether created prior or subsequent to the date of the special assessment, except a lien for state, county, or municipal taxes; a prior special assessment; or a prior recorded mortgage, deed of trust, or similar security instrument. Other than foreclosures for state, county, or municipal taxes; a prior special assessment; or a prior recorded mortgage, deed of trust, or similar security instrument, the lien for the special assessment shall not be defeated or postponed by any private or judicial sale, or by any mortgage, deed of trust, or similar security instrument which is recorded subsequent to the date of final adoption by the municipality of the self-help business improvement district ordinance providing for the special assessment.(d) The board of directors of the district management corporation may establish the interest, penalties, and fees which shall be owed when a special assessment is not timely paid as provided in subsection (a). The interest rate may not exceed the prime interest rate, as determined by the board on one or more dates during a year, plus 10 percent. Penalties shall not exceed 15 percent of the aggregate of the amount owed and the interest owed on the date of payment. Fees shall include court costs as well as any attorneys’ fees incurred by the district management corporation, not to exceed one third of the aggregate of the amount owed, the interest owed on the date of payment, and the penalties. The district management corporation may determine in its sole discretion that it should waive some or all of the amounts owed by one or more owners pursuant to this section.(e) No error in the proceedings of the governing body of the municipality or of the board of directors of the district management corporation shall exempt any real property within the self-help improvement district from the imposition of any interest or penalty or from any lien or from payment thereof.(f) If, pursuant to subsection (d) of Section 11-54B-8, a governmental owner certifies to the district management corporation that some other person or entity has a right to own or possess real property within the geographical area of the self-help business improvement district, or if no such certification is returned to the district management corporation, the procedures in this section shall apply.
(1) In addition to the collection procedures provided in subsection (a), the collection procedures utilized by the district management corporation shall include mailing notice of the assessment to the person or entity which occupies or possesses such property by mailing the notice to a postal address located on the property.(2) The lien provided in subsection (c) shall additionally constitute a lien on the leasehold or other right of occupancy or possession of all or any part of such property without any judicial action.(g) When real property within the geographical area of the self-help business improvement district is a condominium property, as the term is defined in subdivision (6) of Section 35-8-2, the assessment of the property, in the discretion of the district management corporation, may be separately assessed against and collected on each unit as a single parcel or it may be assessed against and collected on the condominium property as a whole and treated as a common expense, as such term is defined in subdivision (3) of Section 35-8-2.
