As used in this chapter, the following terms shall have the following meanings, respectively, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:
(1) ACTION. Condemnation action.
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Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). Source: OCC
Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
person: includes a corporation as well as a natural person. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
Personal property: All property that is not real property.
personal property: includes money, goods, chattels, things in action and evidence of debt, deeds and conveyances. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
Probate: Proving a will
property: includes both real and personal property. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
real property: includes lands, tenements and hereditaments. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
state: when applied to the different parts of the United States, includes the District of Columbia and the several territories of the United States. See Alabama Code 1-1-1
Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
(2) APPRAISAL. An opinion as to the value of or compensation payable for property, prepared by the owner or under the direction of an individual qualified by knowledge, skill, experience, training, or education to express an opinion as to the value of property.(3) BUSINESS. A lawful activity, whether or not for profit, other than a farm operation, conducted primarily for the purchase, sale, lease, rental, manufacture, processing, or marketing of products, commodities, or other property, or for providing services.(4) CONDEMN. To take property under the power of eminent domain.(5) CONDEMNATION ACTION. Includes all acts incident to the process of condemning property after commencement of suit until the entry of final judgment.(6) CONDEMNEE. A person who has or claims an interest in property that is the subject of a prospective or pending condemnation action.(7) CONDEMNOR. A person empowered to condemn.(8) CROPS. Any form of vegetation intended to be removed and used or sold for commercial purposes, including grass, flowers, fruits, vegetables, trees, vines, and nursery stock.(9) FARM OPERATION. Any activity conducted primarily for the production of one or more agricultural products or commodities, including timber, for sale or home use, and customarily producing those products or commodities in sufficient quantity to be capable of contributing materially to the operator’s support.(10) IMPROVEMENT. Includes any building or structure and any facility, machinery, or equipment that cannot be removed from the real property on which it is situated without substantial damage to the real property or improvement.(11)LIEN. A security interest in property arising from contract, mortgage, deed of trust, statute, common law, equity, or creditor action.(12)LITIGATION EXPENSES. The sum of the costs, disbursements, and expenses, including reasonable attorney, appraisal, and engineering fees, necessary to prepare for anticipated or participation in actual probate or circuit court proceedings.(13) LOCAL PUBLIC ENTITY. A public entity other than the state.(14) PERSON. Includes a natural individual, partnership, corporation, association, other legal or fiduciary entity, and a public entity.(15)PERSONAL PROPERTY. Any property other than real property which is affixed or directly related to the real property proposed to be acquired.(16) PROPERTY. An interest in real or personal property under the law of this state.(17) REAL PROPERTY. Land and any improvements upon or connected with land; and includes an easement, servitude, or other interest therein.(18) WORK. Includes construction, alteration, repair, remodeling, excavation, demolition, rehabilitation, relocation, and landscaping.(19) VALUATION DATE. Shall be the date on which the application for order of condemnation is filed in the probate court or the date of taking of or damage to property by the condemnor, whichever date first occurs.(20) WAIVER VALUATION. The valuation process utilized and the product produced by the state or a political subdivision thereof, in lieu of an appraisal, to acquire real property as specifically authorized by Section 18-1A-22.
