Terms Used In Alaska Statutes > Title 10 > Chapter 6 > Article 4 - Corporate Finance

• action: includes any matter or proceeding in a court, civil or criminal. See Alaska Statutes 01.10.060
• Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
• approval of the outstanding shares: means approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• articles of incorporation: means the original or restated articles of incorporation and all amendments and includes articles of merger. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• authorized shares: means the shares of all classes that the corporation may issue. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
• board: means the board of directors of a domestic or foreign corporation. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• commissioner: means the commissioner of commerce, community, and economic development or a designee of the commissioner. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• common shares: means shares that have no preference over other shares with respect to distribution of assets on liquidation or with respect to payment of dividends. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Devise: To gift property by will.
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
• Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• liquidation preference: means amounts payable for shares of a class upon voluntary or involuntary dissolution, winding up or distribution of the entire assets of the corporation, including any cumulative dividends accrued and unpaid, in priority to shares of another class or classes. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• on the certificate: means that a statement appears on the face of a share certificate or on the reverse of the certificate with a reference to the statement on the face. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• paid-in capital: means the consideration actually received by a corporation for issuance of its shares, plus any additional amount capitalized by its board under Alaska Stat. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• person: means an individual, a corporation, a partnership, an association, a joint-stock company, an estate, a trust if the interests of the beneficiaries are evidenced by a security, an unincorporated association, a government, a political subdivision of a government, or a combination of these entities. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• person: includes a corporation, company, partnership, firm, association, organization, business trust, or society, as well as a natural person. See Alaska Statutes 01.10.060
• preferred shares: means shares other than common shares. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• property: includes real and personal property. See Alaska Statutes 01.10.060
• Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
• Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. ^{Source: FDIC}
• redemption price: means the amount in cash, property or securities, or any combination of these, payable on shares of any class or series upon the redemption of the shares. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
• retained earnings: means the account of the corporation representing undistributed and uncapitalized net profits, income, gains, and losses from the date of incorporation. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• series of shares: means those shares within a class that have the same rights, preferences, privileges, and restrictions but that differ in one or more rights, preferences, privileges, or restrictions from other shares within the same class. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• shareholder: means a holder of record of a share in a corporation. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• shares: means the units into which the proprietary interests in a corporation are divided. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• state: means any of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, or any other territory or possession of the United States. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• state: means the State of Alaska unless applied to the different parts of the United States and in the latter case it includes the District of Columbia and the territories. See Alaska Statutes 01.10.060
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• subscriber: means one who subscribes for a share in a corporation before or after incorporation. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990
• subscription: includes the mark of a person who cannot write, with the name of that person written near the mark by a witness who writes the witness's own name near the name of the person who cannot write. See Alaska Statutes 01.10.060
• vote: includes authorization by written consent subject to the provisions of Alaska Stat. See Alaska Statutes 10.06.990