Arizona Laws 13-4401. Definitions
In this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires:
Terms Used In Arizona Laws 13-4401
- Accused: means a person who has been arrested for committing a criminal offense and who is held for an initial appearance or other proceeding before trial. See Arizona Laws 13-4401
- Acquittal:
- Judgement that a criminal defendant has not been proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
- A verdict of "not guilty."
- Community supervision: means that portion of a felony sentence that is imposed by the court pursuant to section 13-603, subsection I and that is served in the community after completing a period of imprisonment or served in prison in accordance with Section 41-1604. See Arizona Laws 13-105
- Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
- Conduct: means an act or omission and its accompanying culpable mental state. See Arizona Laws 13-105
- Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
- Court: means all state, county and municipal courts in this state. See Arizona Laws 13-4401
- Crime: means a misdemeanor or a felony. See Arizona Laws 13-105
- Criminal offense: means conduct that gives a peace officer or prosecutor probable cause to believe that a felony, a misdemeanor, a petty offense or a violation of a local criminal ordinance has occurred. See Arizona Laws 13-4401
- Custodial agency: means any law enforcement officer or agency, a sheriff or municipal jailer, the state department of corrections or a secure mental health facility that has custody of a person who is arrested or in custody for a criminal offense. See Arizona Laws 13-4401
- Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.
- Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. Source:
- Felony: means an offense for which a sentence to a term of imprisonment in the custody of the state department of corrections is authorized by any law of this state. See Arizona Laws 13-105
- Grand jury: agreement providing that a lender will delay exercising its rights (in the case of a mortgage,
- Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
- including: means not limited to and is not a term of exclusion. See Arizona Laws 1-215
- Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
- Lawful representative: means a person who is designated by the victim or appointed by the court and who acts in the best interests of the victim. See Arizona Laws 13-4401
- Minor: means a person under eighteen years of age. See Arizona Laws 1-215
- Misdemeanor: means an offense for which a sentence to a term of imprisonment other than to the custody of the state department of corrections is authorized by any law of this state. See Arizona Laws 13-105
- Peace officer: means any person vested by law with a duty to maintain public order and make arrests and includes a constable. See Arizona Laws 13-105
- Person: means a human being and, as the context requires, an enterprise, a public or private corporation, an unincorporated association, a partnership, a firm, a society, a government, a governmental authority or an individual or entity capable of holding a legal or beneficial interest in property. See Arizona Laws 13-105
- Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
- Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
- Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
- United States: includes the District of Columbia and the territories. See Arizona Laws 1-215
- Victim: means a person against whom the criminal offense has been committed, including a minor, or if the person is killed or incapacitated, the person's spouse, parent, child, grandparent or sibling, any other person related to the person by consanguinity or affinity to the second degree or any other lawful representative of the person, except if the person or the person's spouse, parent, child, grandparent, sibling, other person related to the person by consanguinity or affinity to the second degree or other lawful representative is in custody for an offense or is the accused. See Arizona Laws 13-4401
1. "Accused" means a person who has been arrested for committing a criminal offense and who is held for an initial appearance or other proceeding before trial.
2. "Appellate proceeding" means any contested matter before the state court of appeals, the state supreme court, a federal court of appeals or the United States supreme court.
3. "Arrest" means the actual custodial restraint of a person or the person’s submission to custody.
4. "Court" means all state, county and municipal courts in this state.
5. "Crime victim advocate" means a person who is employed or authorized by a public or private entity to provide counseling, treatment or other supportive assistance to crime victims.
6. "Criminal offense" means conduct that gives a peace officer or prosecutor probable cause to believe that a felony, a misdemeanor, a petty offense or a violation of a local criminal ordinance has occurred.
7. "Criminal proceeding" means any hearing, argument or other matter that is scheduled by and held before a trial court but does not include any deposition, lineup, grand jury proceeding or other matter that is not held in the presence of the court.
8. "Custodial agency" means any law enforcement officer or agency, a sheriff or municipal jailer, the state department of corrections or a secure mental health facility that has custody of a person who is arrested or in custody for a criminal offense.
9. "Defendant" means a person or entity that is formally charged by complaint, indictment or information of committing a criminal offense.
10. "Final disposition" means the ultimate termination of the criminal prosecution of a defendant by a trial court, including dismissal, acquittal or imposition of a sentence.
11. "Immediate family" means a victim’s spouse, parent, child, sibling, grandparent or lawful guardian.
12. "Lawful representative" means a person who is designated by the victim or appointed by the court and who acts in the best interests of the victim.
13. "Post-arrest release" means the discharge of the accused from confinement on recognizance, bond or other condition.
14. "Post-conviction release" means parole, work furlough, community supervision, probation if the court waived community supervision pursuant to section 13-603, home arrest or any other permanent, conditional or temporary discharge from confinement in the custody of the state department of corrections or a sheriff or from confinement in a municipal jail or a secure mental health facility.
15. "Post-conviction relief proceeding" means a contested argument or evidentiary hearing that is held in open court and that involves a request for relief from a conviction or sentence.
16. "Prisoner" means a person who has been convicted of a criminal offense against a victim and who has been sentenced to the custody of the sheriff, the state department of corrections, a municipal jail or a secure mental health facility.
17. "Release" means no longer in the custody of a custodial agency and includes transfer from one custodial agency to another custodial agency.
18. "Rights" means any right that is granted to the victim by the laws of this state.
19. "Victim" means a person against whom the criminal offense has been committed, including a minor, or if the person is killed or incapacitated, the person’s spouse, parent, child, grandparent or sibling, any other person related to the person by consanguinity or affinity to the second degree or any other lawful representative of the person, except if the person or the person’s spouse, parent, child, grandparent, sibling, other person related to the person by consanguinity or affinity to the second degree or other lawful representative is in custody for an offense or is the accused.