The Public Utilities Regulatory Authority shall review the performance of each electric distribution company and gas company, as those terms are defined in § 16-1, after any emergency, as defined in § 16-32e, (1) in which more than ten per cent of any such company’s customers were without service for more than forty-eight consecutive hours, or (2) at the authority’s discretion. The authority, upon a finding that any such company failed to comply with any standard of acceptable performance in emergency preparation or restoration of service in an emergency, adopted pursuant to § 16-32h, or with any order of the authority, shall make orders, after a hearing that is conducted as a contested case in accordance with chapter 54, to enforce such standards or orders and may levy civil penalties against such company, pursuant to § 16-41, not to exceed a total of four per cent of such electric distribution or gas company’s annual distribution revenue, for noncompliance in any such emergency. In determining the amount of any penalty, the authority shall consider whether such company received approval and reasonable funding allowances, as determined by the authority, from the authority to meet infrastructure resiliency efforts to improve such company’s performance. Any such penalty shall be assessed in the form of credits to the accounts of ratepayers of such electric distribution or gas company. Any such penalty shall not be included as an operating expense of such company for purposes of ratemaking.