Terms Used In Hawaii Revised Statutes > Chapter 490 > Article 3 - Negotiable Instruments

• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Agricultural activities: means a commercial agricultural, silvicultural, or aquacultural facility or pursuit conducted, in whole or in part, including the care and production of livestock and livestock products, poultry and poultry products, apiary products, and plant and animal production for nonfood uses; the planting, cultivating, harvesting, and processing of crops; and the farming or ranching of any plant or animal species in a controlled salt, brackish, or freshwater environment. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 269-1
• Amortization: Paying off a loan by regular installments.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
• Basic exchange service: means those services consisting of single-line dial tone, touch-tone dialing, access to operator service, access to enhanced 911, telecommunications relay service, telephone directory, and access to directory-assistance service via 411 dialing. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 269-1
• Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
• capitated basis: includes the cost associated with operating staff model facilities. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Carrier: means a dental insurer, a health maintenance organization, an insurer, a nonprofit hospital and medical service corporation, a mutual benefit society, or other entity responsible for the payment of benefits or provision of services under a group contract. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Carrier of last resort: means a telecommunications carrier designated by the commission to provide universal service in a given local exchange service area determined to be lacking in effective competition. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 269-1
• Commissioner: means the insurance commissioner. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432C-1
• Commissioner: means the insurance commissioner. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Conversion: means the transfer or sale of a significant amount of a nonprofit entity's assets to a for-profit entity or through any other means as determined by the commissioner. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432C-1
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Copayment: means an amount an enrollee must pay to receive a specific service which is not fully prepaid. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• county: includes the city and county of Honolulu. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 1-22
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Dental care services: include the practices, acts, and operations pertaining to dentistry as defined in section 448-1. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Dental insurer: means any person who undertakes to provide or to arrange for or administer one or more dental insurance plans and who has met the requirements of chapter 423. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Dental service corporation: means a corporation established pursuant to section 423-1. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
• Designated local exchange service area: means an area as determined by the commission to be best served by designating a carrier of last resort pursuant to § 269-43. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 269-1
• Discontinuance: means the termination of the contract between a group contract holder and a dental insurer due to the insolvency of the dental insurer, and does not refer to the termination of any agreement between any individual subscriber and a dental insurer. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
• Enrollee: means an individual who is covered by a dental insurer. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
• Federal Reserve System: The central bank of the United States. The Fed, as it is commonly called, regulates the U.S. monetary and financial system. The Federal Reserve System is composed of a central governmental agency in Washington, D.C. (the Board of Governors) and twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks in major cities throughout the United States. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• For-profit entity: means a corporation organized under chapter 414, including a stock insurance company. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432C-1
• Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it.
• Grievance: means a written complaint submitted in accordance with the dental insurer's formal grievance procedure by or on behalf of an enrollee regarding any aspect of the dental insurer relative to the enrollee. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Group contract: means a contract for dental care services which by its terms limits eligibility to members of a specified group. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Group contract holder: means the person to which a group contract has been issued. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Guarantor: A party who agrees to be responsible for the payment of another party's debts should that party default. ^{Source: OCC}
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Individual contract: means a contract for dental care services issued to and covering an individual. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• insolvency: means that the dental insurer has been declared insolvent and placed under an order of supervision, rehabilitation, or liquidation by the commissioner or a court of competent jurisdiction. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
• month: means a calendar month; and the word "year" a calendar year. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 1-20
• Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
• Net worth: means the excess of total assets over total liabilities; provided that liabilities shall not include fully subordinated debt. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Nonprofit entity: means any charitable organization operating pursuant to Title Hawaii Revised Statutes 432C-1
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
• Participating provider: means a provider as defined in this section, who, under an express or implied contract with the dental insurer or with its contractor or subcontractor, has agreed to provide dental care services to enrollees with an expectation of receiving payment, other than copayment or deductible, directly or indirectly from the dental insurer. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
• Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
• Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Provider: means any person licensed to practice dentistry as defined in section 448-1. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Replacement coverage: means the benefits provided by a succeeding carrier. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
• Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Subscriber: means an individual whose employment or other status, except family dependency, is the basis for eligibility for enrollment in the dental insurer, or in the case of an individual contract, the person in whose name the contract is issued. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• telecommunications: means the offering of transmission between or among points specified by a user, of information of the user's choosing, including voice, data, image, graphics, and video without change in the form or content of the information, as sent and received, by means of electromagnetic transmission, or other similarly capable means of transmission, with or without benefit of any closed transmission medium, and does not include cable service as defined in § 440G-3. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 269-1
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
• Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
• Uncovered expenditures: means the costs to the dental insurer for dental care services that are the obligation of the dental insurer, for which an enrollee may also be liable in the event of the dental insurer's insolvency, and for which no alternative arrangements have been made that are acceptable to the commissioner. See Hawaii Revised Statutes 432G-1
• Variable Rate: Having a "variable" rate means that the APR changes from time to time based on fluctuations in an external rate, normally the Prime Rate. This external rate is known as the "index." If the index changes, the variable rate normally changes. Also see Fixed Rate.