(1) Unapproved Transfers Prohibited. Except as provided in this Article, no person may enter into a transaction to accomplish or effectuate, or participate in accomplishing or effectuating, the ownership, control or management of any one or more motor carriers, however such result is attained, whether directly or indirectly by use of common directors, officers, or stockholders, a holding or investment company, a voting trust, or in any other manner, and regardless of whether or not the carrier received compensation or value from the transaction. Nor shall any person continue to maintain control or management accomplished or effectuated in violation of this Article. The words “control or management,” when used in this Article, shall be construed to include the power to exercise control or management.
     (2) Direct Supervision and Control by License Holder Required. The holder of a motor carrier license shall exercise direct supervision and control over all operations conducted with vehicles registered under its license or utilized in conducting operations under its license. The holder may be called upon to demonstrate that it is exercising direct supervision and control. Failure to exercise active supervision and control shall constitute the unauthorized transfer of operating rights in violation of this Chapter. Where an unauthorized transfer occurs, both the transferor and transferee shall have committed violations of this Chapter. Nothing contained herein shall prevent the holder from exercising such supervision and control through a manager or other bona fide employee of the holder. Elements to be considered in evaluating whether supervision and control is being exercised include solicitation; public identification; billing; collecting; dispatching drivers and equipment; hiring; evaluation and firing of drivers and other personnel; liability for cargo loss or damage; and responsibility for payment of carrier expenses.