Annexation ordinances of cities shall take effect on publication as provided by law, except that any annexation ordinance published within 60 days before any election specified in this section shall become effective on the day following such election, unless such day is also within 60 days before any election specified in this section in which case such ordinance shall become effective on the day following the last such election. Elections to which this section shall apply are: (1) Primary and general election of state, county and national officers, and (2) primary and general city elections, and (3) primary and general school elections. The provisions of this section shall not apply to any special election.