Terms Used In Louisiana Revised Statutes > Title 37 > Chapter 2 - Accountants

• Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.
• Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year.
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appraisal: A determination of property value.
• Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
• Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
• Attest: means providing the following services, subject to the exceptions provided for in La. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
• Board: means the State Board of Certified Public Accountants of Louisiana. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Certificate: means a certificate as a certified public accountant issued pursuant to the provisions of this Part, as follows:

              (a) An "active certificate" is granted to or renewed by an individual who has met all requirements pursuant to the provisions of this Part, including the experience requirement. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73

• Certificate of origin: means a document establishing the initial chain of ownership, such as a manufacturer's certificate of origin (MCO) or statement of origin (MSO), or an importer's certificate of origin (ICO) or statement of origin (ISO), or a builder's certification (Form CG-1261, under 46 C. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:852.2
• Chambers: A judge's office.
• Civil proceeding: means any civil judicial action, arbitration, administrative proceeding, review panel pursuant to this Chapter, or proceeding before the State Board of Certified Public Accountants of Louisiana. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Claim: means any cause of action against a certified public accountant or firm, regardless of the legal basis of the claim, including but not limited to tort, fraud, breach of contract, or any other legal basis, arising out of any engagement to provide professional services, including but not limited to the following:

  (a)  The providing of attest services as defined in La. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:101

• Claimant: means any person having an interest or right to assert a claim, whether for himself or on behalf of another. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:101
• Client: means a person or entity that agrees with a licensee to receive any professional service. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
• CPA firm: means any sole proprietorship, corporation, partnership, registered limited liability partnership, limited liability company, or other form of organization issued a permit to practice in accordance with the provisions of this Part. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• CPA-Retired: means either of the following:

              (i) A licensee holding an active certificate for a minimum of twenty consecutive years, who has reached the age of fifty-five years, and is no longer an owner, partner, shareholder, member, contractor, contractee, or employee of a CPA firm. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73

• Dealer: means any person who engages wholly or in part in the business of buying, selling, or exchanging for value new or used vessels or outboard motors, or both, either outright or on conditional sale, bailment, lease, chattel mortgage, or otherwise. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:852.2
• Decedent: A deceased person.
• Dental coordinated care network: means a managed care organization or prepaid coordinated care network, as defined in this Section, that provides or administers only dental benefits for Medicaid recipients. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 46:460.51
• Department: means the Department of Wildlife and Fisheries and its duly authorized representatives. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:852.2
• Department: means the Louisiana Department of Health. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 46:460.51
• Department: means the Department of Children and Family Services or the Louisiana Department of Health. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 46:1
• Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
• Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.
• Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
• distrain: as used in this Chapter shall be construed to mean the right to levy upon and seize and sell, or the levying upon or seizing and selling, of any property or rights to property of the taxpayer including goods, chattels, effects, stocks, securities, bank accounts, evidences of debt, wages, real estate and other forms of property, by the collector or his authorized assistants, for the purpose of satisfying any assessment of tax, penalty or interest due. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 47:337.57
• Electronic funds transfer: The transfer of money between accounts by consumer electronic systems-such as automated teller machines (ATMs) and electronic payment of bills-rather than by check or cash. (Wire transfers, checks, drafts, and paper instruments do not fall into this category.) ^{Source: OCC}
• Enrollee: means an individual who is enrolled in the Medicaid program. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 46:460.51
• Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
• Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
• Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• Good moral character: means the propensity to provide professional services in a fair, honest, and open manner and the lack of history of any dishonest or felonious acts. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Hull identification number: means the number assigned to a vessel under Subpart C of 33 C. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:852.2
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• Instrument: means any instrument, whether or not negotiable, which evidences the indebtedness of one or more persons. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 9:5321
• Jurisprudence: The study of law and the structure of the legal system.
• Lawsuit: A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty, resulting in harm to the plaintiff.
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Legatee: A beneficiary of a decedent
• License: means an active certificate of certified public accountant, pursuant to Subparagraph(3)(a) of this Section, or a CPA firm's permit to practice issued in accordance with the provisions of this Part. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Licensee: means the holder of a license. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Lienholder: means a person holding a security interest. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:852.2
• Manager: means a manager of a limited liability company or a limited liability partnership. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Manufacturer: means any person engaged in the business of manufacturing or importing new vessels or outboard motors for the purpose of sale or trade. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:852.2
• Member: means a member of a limited liability company or a limited liability partnership. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
• Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
• operation: means all operations of a vessel or outboard motor when it is at the pier, idle in the water, at anchor, or being propelled through the water. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:852.2
• Outboard motor: means a mechanical combustion engine manufactured to produce a twenty-five or more horsepower engine and designed to attach outboard of the transom of a vessel. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:852.2
• Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
• Owner: means a person, other than a secured party, having property rights in, or title to, a vessel or outboard motor. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:852.2
• Peer review: means a study, appraisal, or review of one or more aspects of the professional work of a CPA firm that performs attest services by a person or persons who hold licenses and who are not affiliated with the CPA firm being reviewed. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Permit: means a permit to practice as a CPA firm issued pursuant to the provisions of this Part or pursuant to corresponding provisions of law of another state. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Person: means any natural person or individual, firm, partnership, corporation, association, limited liability company, or other entity. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:852.2
• Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
• Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
• Political subdivision: means a parish, municipality, and any other unit of local government, including a school board and a special district, authorized by law to levy and collect a sales and use tax. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 47:337.6
• Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Preparation of financial statement: means an engagement by a licensee to prepare financial statements for an entity but not to perform a compilation, review, or audit with respect to those financial statements and as provided in the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' Statement on Standards for Accounting and Review Services. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
• Professional: means arising out of or related to the specialized knowledge or skills associated with CPAs. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
• provider: means a person, partnership, limited liability partnership, limited liability company, corporation, facility, or institution that provides healthcare or professional services to individuals enrolled in the Medicaid program. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 46:460.51
• Recipient: means the person who has received assistance under this Title. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 46:1
• Report: means , when used with reference to any attest services, an opinion, report, or other form of language that states or implies an assurance as to the reliability of any financial statement or assertion. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Rule: means any rule, regulation, or other written directive of general application adopted by the board in accordance with the Administrative Procedure Act. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Secretary: means the secretary of the Department of Children and Family Services or the Louisiana Department of Health. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 46:1
• secretary of revenue: means the secretary of the Department of Revenue for the state of Louisiana. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 47:337.6
• Security interest: means an interest that is reserved or created by an agreement that secures payment or performance of an obligation. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:852.2
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• services: means the services, items, supplies, or drugs for the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, cure, or relief of a health condition, illness, injury, or disease. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 46:460.51
• Society: means the Society of Louisiana Certified Public Accountants. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:101
• State: means any state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, Guam, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• substantially equivalent: means a determination by the board, or its designee, that the education, examination, and experience requirements contained in the statutes and administrative rules of another state or jurisdiction are comparable to or exceed the education, examination, and experience requirements of this state or that an individual CPA's education, examination, and experience qualifications are comparable to or exceed the education, examination, and experience requirements of this state. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 37:73
• Subtitle: means and includes all the Chapters in Subtitle II of this Title 47 and any other Title of the Louisiana Revised Statutes of 1950 except the provisions of Chapter 1 of Subtitle IV of Title 47 of the Louisiana Revised Statutes of 1950 and estate taxes for the assessment, collection, administration, and enforcement of taxes, fees, licenses, penalties, and interest due the state of Louisiana which have been delegated to the Department of Revenue. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 47:1501
• Temporary restraining order: Prohibits a person from an action that is likely to cause irreparable harm. This differs from an injunction in that it may be granted immediately, without notice to the opposing party, and without a hearing. It is intended to last only until a hearing can be held.
• Testify: Answer questions in court.
• Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
• Undocumented vessel: means a vessel for which a certificate of documentation has not been issued by the United States Coast Guard under 46 U. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:852.2
• Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. ^{Source: OCC}
• Vessel: means every description of watercraft and air boats, including homemade boats, other than a seaplane on the water, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on water, valued in excess of two thousand five hundred dollars, to be principally operated on the waters of this state, required to be numbered, not held as inventory for sale or lease, and transferred for the first time on or after July 1, 2008. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 34:852.2
• Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.