Terms Used In New York Laws > Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation > Title D - Snowmobiles

• Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Agency: means any state department, agency, board, bureau, commission, division, office, council, or any public authority or public benefit corporation. See N.Y. Environmental Conservation Law 48-0103
• Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
• Arraignment: A proceeding in which an individual who is accused of committing a crime is brought into court, told of the charges, and asked to plead guilty or not guilty.
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• Bequest: Property gifted by will.
• commission: shall mean the Albany Pine Bush preserve commission created pursuant to section 46-0105 of this article. See N.Y. Environmental Conservation Law 46-0103
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Dealer: shall mean a person engaged in the business of selling snowmobiles at wholesale or retail. See N.Y. Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation Law 21.05
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Devise: To gift property by will.
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
• Executive officer: shall mean :
  
  (a) In the case of a county, the county executive unless there is none, in which case it shall mean the county manager if there is one, or the chairman of the county legislative body if there is neither a county executive nor county manager. See N.Y. Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation Law 21.05
• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• Fair treatment: means that no group of people, including a racial, ethnic or socioeconomic group, should be disproportionately exposed to pollution or bear a disproportionate share of the negative environmental consequences resulting from execution of federal, state and local programs and policies, and further means that no such group of people should suffer from inequitable allocation of public resources or financial assistance for environmental protection and stewardship, including environmental remediation, pollution prevention, open space acquisition and other protection and stewardship activities. See N.Y. Environmental Conservation Law 48-0103
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Highway: shall mean the entire width between the boundary lines of any way or place when any part thereof is open to the use of the public, as a matter of right, for the purpose of vehicular traffic. See N.Y. Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation Law 21.05
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Meaningful involvement: means the provision of opportunities for citizen participation in decision making that are as reflective of the diversity of interests and perspective found within the affected community as possible, including those of racial, ethnic and socioeconomic groups; that are provided as early as possible in the decision making process; that provide full, timely and accessible disclosure of public records and sharing of information by the government agency or agencies involved, including the provision of technical data and the assumptions upon which any analyses are based; and that allow all people, regardless of race, color, religion, national origin or income, the opportunity to have their views heard and considered, including opportunities for two-way dialogue. See N.Y. Environmental Conservation Law 48-0103
• Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• Operate: shall mean to ride in or on, other than as a passenger, or use or control the operation of a snowmobile in any manner, whether or not said snowmobile is under way. See N.Y. Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation Law 21.05
• Owner: shall mean any person having title to a snowmobile. See N.Y. Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation Law 21.05
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
• Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
• Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.
• preserve: shall mean lands in the city of Albany and towns of Guilderland and Colonie in the county of Albany characterized by the growth of pitch pine and scrub oak, pine barrens, vernal ponds and/or the presence of sand dunes which are dedicated for protection and beneficial public use pursuant to section 46-0107 of this article. See N.Y. Environmental Conservation Law 46-0103
• Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents.
• Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Register: shall mean the act of assigning a registration number to a snowmobile. See N.Y. Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation Law 21.05
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Roadway: shall mean that portion of a highway improved, designed, or ordinarily used for vehicular travel, exclusive of the shoulder. See N.Y. Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation Law 21.05
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• Shoulder: shall mean that portion of a highway which lies outside the paved or unpaved roadway immediately adjacent to the portion of the roadway which may be used by motor vehicles. See N.Y. Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation Law 21.05
• Snowmobile: shall mean a self-propelled vehicle equipped with a motor, originally manufactured and designed for travel on snow or ice, steered by skis or runners and supported in whole or in part by one or more skis, belts or tracked cleats. See N.Y. Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation Law 21.05
• Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
• Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.