N.Y. Lien Law 37 – Bond to discharge all liens
§ 37. Bond to discharge all liens. (1) The owner or contractor between whom a contract exists for the improvement of real property may, either before or after the commencement of the improvement, execute as a principal, a bond to the county clerk of the county where the premises are situated in such amount as the supreme court of this state, or any justice thereof, or the county court or the county judge of such county may direct, which shall not be less than the amount then unpaid under such contract, conditioned for the payment of any judgment or judgments which may be recovered in any action brought for the enforcement of any and all claims, notices of which may be filed as in this section provided, arising by virtue of labor performed or materials furnished in or about the performance of any such contract. As many such bonds may be executed as there are contractors employed upon the improvement.
Terms Used In N.Y. Lien Law 37
- Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
- Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
- Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
- Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
- Counterclaim: A claim that a defendant makes against a plaintiff.
- Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
- Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
- Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
- Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
- Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
- Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
- Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
- Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
(2) Such a bond must be executed as a surety by a fidelity or surety company authorized to do business in this state, and to which a certificate of solvency has been issued and is unrevoked pursuant to § 1111 of the insurance law.
(3) Such bond shall recite the name of the owner, the name of the contractor, the name of the surety company, the date and amount of the contract, and shall contain a description of the real property upon which the improvement is to be made, is being made, or has been made; such description shall be sufficient if it complies with the requirements in respect thereto prescribed for a notice of lien.
(4) Upon the approval of any such bond by such court, judge or justice thereof and upon the filing of such bond with the county clerk of the county where the real property is situated, an order shall be made by such court, judge or justice discharging such property from the lien of each and every contractor, subcontractor, material man or laborer performing labor or furnishing materials in or about the performance of the contract described in such bond. After the filing of such bond, the owner and the contractor named therein shall no longer be obligated to comply with the provisions of section eight of this chapter insofar as said provisions may relate to or in any way affect the contract, described in said bond, or the rights of any person performing labor or furnishing materials in or about the performance thereof.
(5) A contractor, subcontractor, laborer or material man who performs labor or furnishes materials in or about the performance of the contract described in such bond shall have a claim, which shall attach against and be secured by such bond, for the principal and interest of the value, or the agreed price, of such labor and materials. Within the meaning of the provisions of this section, materials actually manufactured for but not delivered to the real property, shall also be deemed to be materials furnished.
The claimant in order to perfect his claim shall within the time prescribed in this chapter for the filing of a notice of lien, file a notice of claim in the office of the clerk of the county where such bond is filed. Any such claimant who has so perfected his claim may bring an action on the bond for the enforcement thereof in any court where an action might have been brought if such claim were a lien filed against such real property.
(6) The notice of claim shall state: (1) the name and residence of the claimant; and if the claimant is a partnership or a corporation, the business address of such firm, or corporation, the names of partners and principal place of business, and if a foreign corporation, its principal place of business within the state; (2) the names of the owner, contractor and surety named in the bond; (3) the name of the person by whom the claimant was employed or to whom he furnished or is to furnish materials; (4) the labor performed or materials furnished, including also materials actually manufactured for but not delivered to the real property, and the agreed price or value thereof; (5) the amount unpaid to the claimant for such labor or materials; (6) a description of the real property such as is required for a notice of lien.
The notice of claim shall be verified by the claimant or his agent in the form required for the verification of notices in section nine of this chapter.
(7) The plaintiff in such an action must, prior to the commencement thereof, file in the office of the clerk of the county where the bond is filed, the summons and complaint in such action and shall join as parties defendant, the principal and surety on the bond, the contractor, and all claimants who have filed notices of claim prior to the date of the filing of such summons and complaint. In case a claimant files his notice of claim on or after the date of such filing of such summons and complaint he may be brought in by amendment at any time up to and including the time and in the manner and under the conditions that a lienor may be brought into an action to foreclose a lien pursuant to section sixty-two of this chapter.
(8) The court may adjust and determine the equities of all the parties to the action and render an appropriate judgment. In case a counterclaim is set forth by any defendant, such defendant shall be deemed to have waived a trial by jury of the issues raised thereby.
(9) An action upon such a bond shall be begun within one year after the completion of the improvement, or if the work thereon is abandoned, then within two years after the last item of work was performed or the last item of materials was furnished by the claimant. The beginning of the action by the plaintiff-claimant shall be deemed a bringing of the action by each defendant-claimant made a party thereto.
(10) The county clerk of each county shall provide and keep a book called the "lien bond docket," which shall be suitably ruled in columns headed "owner," "contractor," "claimant," "property," "surety," "amount of bond," "time of filing," "amount of claim," "proceedings had," in each of which he shall write the particulars of the notice of claim property belonging therein. The date, hour and minute of the filing of notice of each claim and of the filing of the summons and complaint in any action commenced on said bond shall be entered in the proper column. The names of the owners shall be arranged in such book in alphabetical order. The validity of the claim and the right to file a notice thereof shall not be affected by the death of the principal before notice of the claim is filed.
(11) In the event that notwithstanding the provisions of this section a contractor, subcontractor, material man or laborer, whose lien has been discharged in the manner provided in this section, shall thereafter file a notice of lien against the real property, then upon application of the owner or contractor to the supreme court of this state or any justice thereof or the county court or the county judge of the county where such notice of lien is filed and upon proof that the bond approved and filed as in this section provided secures the payment of the claim set forth in any such notice of lien, the court, justice or judge thereof shall make an order discharging such lien. In any such case a copy of the bond and notice of the time and place of making such application for such order to discharge any such lien shall be served upon the lienor or his attorney not less than two days before such time.
(12) A claim which has been perfected by the filing of a notice of claim may be discharged as follows: (1) By the certificate of the claimant duly acknowledged or proved and filed in the office where the notice of claim is filed, stating that the claim is satisfied and may be discharged; (2) By failure to begin an action as and within the time provided in this section.