N.Y. State Finance Law 191 – Remedies
§ 191. Remedies. 1. Any current or former employee, contractor, or agent of any private or public employer who is discharged, demoted, suspended, threatened, harassed or in any other manner discriminated against in the terms and conditions of employment, or otherwise harmed or penalized by an employer, or a prospective employer, because of lawful acts done by the employee, contractor, agent, or associated others in furtherance of an action brought under this article or other efforts to stop one or more violations of this article, shall be entitled to all relief necessary to make the employee, contractor or agent whole. Such relief shall include but not be limited to:
Terms Used In N.Y. State Finance Law 191
- Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
- Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
- Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
- Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
- Local government: means any New York county, city, town, village, school district, board of cooperative educational services, local public benefit corporation or other municipal corporation or political subdivision of the state, or of such local government. See N.Y. State Finance Law 188
- Person: means any natural person, partnership, corporation, association or any other legal entity or individual, other than the state or a local government. See N.Y. State Finance Law 188
- Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
- State: means the state of New York and any state department, board, bureau, division, commission, committee, public benefit corporation, public authority, council, office or other governmental entity performing a governmental or proprietary function for the state. See N.Y. State Finance Law 188
(a) an injunction to restrain continued discrimination;
(b) hiring, contracting or reinstatement to the position such person would have had but for the discrimination or to an equivalent position;
(c) reinstatement of full fringe benefits and seniority rights;
(d) payment of two times back pay, plus interest; and
(e) compensation for any special damages sustained as a result of the discrimination, including litigation costs and reasonable attorneys' fees.
2. For purposes of this section, a "lawful act" shall include, but not be limited to, obtaining or transmitting to the state, a local government, a qui tam plaintiff, or private counsel solely employed to investigate, potentially file, or file a cause of action under this article, documents, data, correspondence, electronic mail, or any other information, even though such act may violate a contract, employment term, or duty owed to the employer or contractor, so long as the possession and transmission of such documents are for the sole purpose of furthering efforts to stop one or more violations of this article. Nothing in this subdivision shall be interpreted to prevent any law enforcement authority from bringing a civil or criminal action against any person for violating any provision of law.
3. An employee, contractor or agent described in subdivision one of this section may bring an action in the appropriate supreme court for the relief provided in this section.