No person can be convicted of a crime or public offense except:

Terms Used In North Dakota Code 29-01-09

  • Person: means an individual, organization, government, political subdivision, or government agency or instrumentality. See North Dakota Code 1-01-49
  • Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.

1.    By the verdict of a jury accepted and recorded by the court; 2.    Upon a plea of guilty; 3.    Upon a judgment against that person, that person’s motion to quash having been denied; 4.    Upon a judgment of a municipal court, or such other court as is or may be created by law for cities in a case in which such judgment may be lawfully given without the intervention of a jury; or

5.    By the judgment of a court, a jury having been waived.