Gross receipts from sales for human consumption of food and food ingredients are exempt from taxes imposed under this chapter. Gross receipts from sales for human consumption of food and food products given, or to be given, as samples to consumers for consumption on the premises of a food store are exempt from the sales tax imposed by this chapter. For purposes of this section, “food and food ingredients” means substances, whether in liquid, concentrated, solid, frozen, dried, or dehydrated form, that are sold for ingestion or chewing by humans and are consumed for taste or nutritional value.

1.    For purposes of this section, “food” and “food ingredients” do not include:

a.    Alcoholic beverages.

b.    Candy or chewing gum. c.    Dietary supplements.

d.    Prepared food.

e.    Soft drinks containing fifty percent or less fruit juice. f.    Tobacco.

2.    For purposes of this section:

a.    “Alcoholic beverages” means beverages that are suitable for human consumption and contain one-half of one percent or more of alcohol by volume.

b.    “Candy” means a preparation of sugar, honey, or other natural or artificial sweeteners in combination with chocolate, fruits, nuts, or other ingredients or flavoring in the form of bars, drops, or pieces. Candy does not include any preparation containing flour and does not require refrigeration.

c.    “Dietary supplement” means any product, other than tobacco, intended to supplement the diet which contains one or more of the following dietary ingredients: a vitamin; a mineral; an herb or other botanical; an amino acid; a dietary substance for use by humans to supplement the diet by increasing the total dietary intake; an oral concentrate, metabolite, constitute, extract, or combination of any dietary ingredients described in this sentence and which is intended for ingestion in tablet, capsule, powder, soft gel, gel cap, or liquid form, or if not represented for use as a sole item of a meal or of a diet; and is required to be labeled as a dietary supplement, identifiable by the supplemental facts box found on the label and as required pursuant to 21 C.F.R. § part section 101.36.

d.    “Prepared food” means:

(1) Food sold in a heated state or heated by the seller; (2) Two or more food ingredients mixed or combined by the seller for sale as a single item; or

(3) Food sold with eating utensils provided by the seller, including plates, knives, forks, spoons, glasses, cups, napkins, or straws. A plate does not include a container or packaging used to transport the food. e.    “Prepared food” does not mean:

(1) Food that is only cut, repackaged, or pasteurized by the seller.

(2) Eggs, fish, meat, poultry, and foods containing these raw animal foods requiring cooking by the consumer as recommended by the food and drug administration in chapter 3, part 401.11, of its food code so as to prevent foodborne illness.

(3) If sold without eating utensils provided by the seller:

(a)    Food sold by a seller whose proper primary North American industry classification system classification is manufacturing in sector 311, except subsector 3118, bakeries.

(b)    Food sold in an unheated state by weight or volume as a single item. (c)    Bakery items, including bread, rolls, buns, biscuits, bagels, croissants, pastries, donuts, Danish, cakes, tortes, pies, tarts, muffins, bars, cookies, and tortillas.

(d)    Food sold that ordinarily requires additional cooking, as opposed to just reheating, by the consumer prior to consumption.

f.    “Soft drinks” means nonalcoholic beverages that contain natural or artificial sweeteners. “Soft drinks” does not include beverages that contain milk or milk products, soy, rice, or similar milk substitutes, or greater than fifty percent of vegetable or fruit juice by volume.

g.    “Tobacco” means cigarettes, cigars, chewing or pipe tobacco, or any other item that contains tobacco.

3.    For purposes of this section, “eating utensils provided by the seller” is determined as follows:

a.    Determine the prepared food ratio, where the numerator is the sum of food defined in paragraphs 1 and 2 of subdivision d of subsection 2 plus food when plates, bowls, glasses, or cups are necessary for the purchaser to receive the food and the denominator is all sales of food and food ingredients, including prepared food, candy, dietary supplements, and soft drinks. Alcoholic beverages are not included in either the numerator or denominator.

b.    If the prepared food ratio is seventy-five percent or less, utensils are provided by the seller if the seller’s practice is to physically give or hand them to the purchaser, except plates, bowls, glasses, or cups necessary for the purchaser to receive the food need only be made available.

c.    If the prepared food ratio is greater than seventy-five percent, utensils are provided by the seller if they are made available to the purchaser. When sellers with a food ratio greater than seventy-five percent sell items that contain four or more servings packaged as one item and sold for a single price, the item does not become prepared food unless the seller’s practice is to physically give or hand the purchaser utensils as in subdivision b. Serving size is determined by the label of the item sold. If no label is available, the seller will reasonably determine the number of servings.

d.    When a seller sells food items that have a utensil placed in a package by a person other than the seller and that person’s North American industry classification system classification code is that of manufacturers (sector 311), the seller shall not be considered to have provided the utensils except as in subdivisions b and c. For any other packager with any other North American industry classification system classification code, the seller shall be considered to have provided the utensil.

e.    The prepared food ratio is to be calculated by the seller for each calendar or fiscal year not later than ninety days after the end of each year and based on the seller’s data from the previous year.

f.    A single prepared food ratio will be determined annually and used for all of the seller’s locations in the state.

g.    A new business shall make a good-faith estimate of the prepared food ratio for the first year and shall adjust its good-faith estimate after the first three months if the actual prepared food ratio is materially different than the estimate.