To the extent necessary for a securities intermediary to satisfy all security entitlements with respect to a particular financial asset, all interests in that financial asset held by the securities intermediary are held by the securities intermediary for the entitlement holders, are not property of the securities intermediary, and are not subject to claims of creditors of the securities intermediary, except as otherwise provided in Section 70A-8-511.
Terms Used In Utah Code 70A-8-503
Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
Entitlement holder: means a person identified in the records of a securities intermediary as the person having a security entitlement against the securities intermediary. See Utah Code 70A-8-101
Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. Source: U.S. Courts
Financial asset: except as otherwise provided in Section 70A-8-102, means:
(A)
a security;
(B)
an obligation of a person or a share, participation, or other interest in a person or in property or an enterprise of a person, which is or is of a type, dealt in or traded on financial markets, or which is recognized in any area in which it is issued or dealt in as a medium for investment; or
(C)
any property that is held by a securities intermediary for another person in a securities account if that securities intermediary has expressly agreed with the other person that the property is to be treated as a financial asset under this chapter. See Utah Code 70A-8-101
Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
a person, including a bank or broker, that in the ordinary course of its business maintains securities accounts for others and is acting in that capacity. See Utah Code 70A-8-101
Security: except as otherwise provided in Section 70A-8-102, means an obligation of an issuer or a share, participation, or other interest in an issuer or in property or an enterprise of an issuer that:
(i)
is represented by a security certificate in bearer or registered form, or the transfer of which may be registered upon books maintained for that purpose by or on behalf of the issuer;
(ii)
is one of a class or series or by its terms is divisible into a class or series of shares, participations, interests, or obligations; and
(iii)
(A)
is, or is of a type, dealt in or traded on securities exchanges or securities markets; or
(B)
is a medium for investment and by its terms expressly provides that it is a security governed by this chapter. See Utah Code 70A-8-101
Security entitlement: means the rights and property interest of an entitlement holder with respect to a financial asset specified in 5. See Utah Code 70A-8-101
Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
(2)
An entitlement holder‘s property interest with respect to a particular financial asset under Subsection (1) is a pro rata property interest in all interests in that financial asset held by the securities intermediary, without regard to the time the entitlement holder acquired the security entitlement or the time the securities intermediary acquired the interest in that financial asset.
(3)
An entitlement holder’s property interest with respect to a particular financial asset under Subsection (1) may be enforced against the securities intermediary only by exercise of that entitlement holder’s rights under Sections 70A-8-505 through 70A-8-508.
(4)
(a)
An entitlement holder’s property interest with respect to a particular financial asset under Subsection (1) may be enforced against a purchaser of the financial asset or interest therein only if:
(i)
insolvency proceedings have been initiated by or against the securities intermediary;
(ii)
the securities intermediary does not have sufficient interests in the financial asset to satisfy the security entitlements of all of its entitlement holders to that financial asset;
(iii)
the securities intermediary violated its obligations under Section 70A-8-504 by transferring the financial asset or interest therein to the purchaser; and
(iv)
the purchaser is not protected under Subsection (5).
(b)
The trustee or other liquidator, acting on behalf of all entitlement holders having security entitlements with respect to a particular financial asset, may recover the financial asset, or interest therein, from the purchaser. If the trustee or other liquidator elects not to pursue that right, an entitlement holder whose security entitlement remains unsatisfied has the right to recover its interest in the financial asset from the purchaser.
(5)
An action based on the entitlement holder’s property interest with respect to a particular financial asset under Subsection (1), whether framed in conversion, replevin, constructive trust, equitablelien, or other theory, may not be asserted against any purchaser of a financial asset or interest therein who gives value, obtains control, and does not act in collusion with the securities intermediary in violating the securities intermediary’s obligations under Section 70A-8-504.
