Terms Used In Michigan Laws > Chapter 15 > Act 469 of 1980 - The Whistleblowers' Protection Act

• Absent voter: is a voter who utilizes the process described in section 759. See Michigan Laws 168.2
• Absent voter ballot: means a ballot that is issued to a voter through the absent voter process. See Michigan Laws 168.2
• Accessory: means any exclusively identifiable physical object whose spatial relationship to the corner is recorded on a land corner recordation certificate that has been filed under this act. See Michigan Laws 54.202
• Active patient: means a person who has received any type of dental care in a mobile dental facility in the preceding 24 months. See Michigan Laws 333.21601
• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• Assessment of a patient: means a limited clinical inspection that is performed to identify possible signs of oral or systemic disease, malformation, or injury, and the potential need for referral for diagnosis and treatment. See Michigan Laws 333.21601
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
• Authority: means the underground storage tank authority created in section 21523. See Michigan Laws 324.21502
• Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
• Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
• Bonds or notes: means the bonds, notes, commercial paper, other obligations of indebtedness, or any combination of these, issued by the finance authority pursuant to this part. See Michigan Laws 324.21502
• Claim: means the submission by the owner or operator or his or her representative of documentation on an application requesting payment by the authority. See Michigan Laws 324.21502
• Clinical evaluation: means a diagnostic service provided by a dentist that includes a complete intra- and extra-oral inspection, may include other modalities of examination to identify signs of oral or systemic disease, malformation, or injury, and may include the completion of diagnosis and treatment planning to determine the treatment needs of an individual patient. See Michigan Laws 333.21601
• Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Comprehensive dental services: means clinical evaluation, including diagnosis and treatment planning; imagery services; and indicated treatment that may include preventative, restorative, and surgical procedures that are considered necessary for an individual patient. See Michigan Laws 333.21601
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Conviction: means a final conviction, the payment of a fine, a plea of guilty or nolo contendere if accepted by the court, or a finding of guilt or probate court disposition on a violation of this part, regardless of whether the penalty is rebated or suspended. See Michigan Laws 324.82101
• Corner: means an original public land survey corner, a protracted public land survey corner, a property controlling corner, a witness monument, or a property corner. See Michigan Laws 54.202
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• County representative: means the individual performing the duties of county representative under section 9 of the state survey and remonumentation act, 1990 PA 345, MCL 54. See Michigan Laws 54.202
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Decedent: A deceased person.
• Deductible amount: means the amount of corrective action costs or indemnification costs that are required to be paid by an owner or operator as provided in section 21510a. See Michigan Laws 324.21502
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Dental home: means a network of individualized care based on risk assessment, that includes oral health education, dental screenings, preventative dental services, diagnostic services, comprehensive dental services, and emergency services. See Michigan Laws 333.21601
• Department: means the department of community health. See Michigan Laws 333.21601
• Department: means the department of licensing and regulatory affairs. See Michigan Laws 54.202
• Department: means the department of environmental quality. See Michigan Laws 324.21502
• Department: means the director of the department of natural resources or his or her designee to whom the director delegates a power or duty by written instrument. See Michigan Laws 324.301
• Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
• Donor: The person who makes a gift.
• Election: means an election or primary election at which the electors of this state or of a subdivision of this state choose or nominate by ballot an individual for public office or decide a ballot question lawfully submitted to them. See Michigan Laws 168.2
• election precinct: as used in this act shall mean a political subdivision, the area of which is embraced in its entirety within the confines of a city, ward, township or village, and for which not more than 1 polling place is provided for all qualified and registered electors residing therein. See Michigan Laws 168.654
• Employee: means a person who performs a service for wages or other remuneration under a contract of hire, written or oral, express or implied. See Michigan Laws 15.361
• Employer: means a person who has 1 or more employees. See Michigan Laws 15.361
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
• Finance authority: means the Michigan finance authority created by Executive Reorganization Order No. See Michigan Laws 324.21502
• Financial responsibility requirements: means the financial responsibility for taking corrective action and for compensating third parties for bodily injury and property damage caused by a release from a refined petroleum underground storage tank system that the owner or operator of a refined petroleum underground storage tank system must demonstrate under part 211 and the rules promulgated under that part. See Michigan Laws 324.21502
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fund: means the underground storage tank cleanup fund created in section 21506b and includes the bond proceeds account established within the fund. See Michigan Laws 324.21502
• Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
• Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it.
• grantor: may be construed as including every person from or by whom any estate in lands passes in or by any deed. See Michigan Laws 8.3e
• Guarantor: A party who agrees to be responsible for the payment of another party's debts should that party default. ^{Source: OCC}
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Home hospice care: means a program of planned and continuous hospice care provided by a hospice or a hospice residence that consists of a coordinated set of services rendered to an individual at his or her home on a continuous basis for a disease or condition with a terminal prognosis. See Michigan Laws 52.202
• Imagery: means visualization of oral and facial structures using specialized instruments and techniques for diagnostic purposes. See Michigan Laws 333.21601
• in writing: shall be construed to include printing, engraving, and lithographing; except that if the written signature of a person is required by law, the signature shall be the proper handwriting of the person or, if the person is unable to write, the person's proper mark, which may be, unless otherwise expressly prohibited by law, a clear and classifiable fingerprint of the person made with ink or another substance. See Michigan Laws 8.3q
• Indemnification: means indemnification of an owner or operator for a legally enforceable judgment entered against the owner or operator by a third party, or a legally enforceable settlement entered between the owner or operator and a third party, compensating that third party for bodily injury or property damage, or both, caused by an accidental release as those terms are defined in R 29. See Michigan Laws 324.21502
• Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Land corner recordation certificate: means a written record for a corner in the form prescribed under section 5 that is to be filed as provided by this act. See Michigan Laws 54.202
• Law of another state: means a law or ordinance enacted by any of the following: