Terms Used In Arizona Laws > Title 9 > Chapter 1 > Article 1 - Incorporation, Disincorporation and Reincorporation

• Accepted therapeutic purpose: means treatment of a disease, injury, ailment or infirmity that is competent and generally recognized as safe and effective. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Action: includes any matter or proceeding in a court, civil or criminal. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• Active license: means a current valid license to practice naturopathic medicine. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Adequate medical records: means legible medical records containing, at a minimum, sufficient information to identify the patient, support the diagnosis, describe the treatment, accurately document the results, indicate advice and cautionary warning provided to the patient and provide sufficient information for a similarly qualified practitioner to assume continuity of the patient's care at any point in the course of treatment. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Board: means the naturopathic physicians medical board. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Board: means the Arizona medical board. See Arizona Laws 32-1401
• Chelation therapy: means an experimental medical therapy to restore cellular homeostasis through the use of intravenous, metal-binding and bioinorganic agents such as ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• clinical training program: means a program for naturopathic medical students in which the training occurred or is being conducted by or in conjunction with an approved school of naturopathic medicine. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Completed application: means that the applicant paid the required fees and supplied all documents and information as requested by the board and in a manner acceptable to the board. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Controlled substance: means a drug, substance or immediate precursor in schedules I through V of Title 36, Chapter 27, Article 2 or the rules adopted pursuant to Title 36, Chapter 27, Article 2. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Direct supervision: means that a physician who is licensed pursuant to this chapter or chapter 13, 17 or 29 of this title:

  (a) Is physically present and within sight or sound of the person supervised and is available for consultation regarding procedures that the physician has authorized and for which the physician remains responsible. See Arizona Laws 32-1501

• Direct supervision: means that a physician, physician assistant licensed pursuant to chapter 25 of this title or nurse practitioner certified pursuant to chapter 15 of this title is within the same room or office suite as the medical assistant in order to be available for consultation regarding those tasks the medical assistant performs pursuant to section 32-1456. See Arizona Laws 32-1401
• Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
• Dispense: means the delivery by a doctor of medicine of a prescription drug or device to a patient, except for samples packaged for individual use by licensed manufacturers or repackagers of drugs, and includes the prescribing, administering, packaging, labeling and security necessary to prepare and safeguard the drug or device for delivery. See Arizona Laws 32-1401
• doctor: means a natural person who is licensed to practice naturopathic medicine under this chapter. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Doctor of medicine: means a natural person holding a license, registration or permit to practice medicine pursuant to this chapter. See Arizona Laws 32-1401
• Donor: The person who makes a gift.
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• General supervision: means that the physician is available for consultation regarding procedures that the physician has authorized and for which the physician remains responsible. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Health care institution: means any facility as defined in section 36-401, any person authorized to transact disability insurance, as defined in Title 20, Chapter 6, Article 4 or 5, any person who is issued a certificate of authority pursuant to Title 20, Chapter 4, Article 9 or any other partnership, association or corporation that provides health care to consumers. See Arizona Laws 32-1401
• including: means not limited to and is not a term of exclusion. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• internship: means that the program in which the training occurred or is being conducted has been approved for internship training for physicians or for graduates of a school of naturopathic medicine by the board or was approved or accredited by an educational or professional association recognized by the board or by another state's or country's licensing agency recognized by the board. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Jurisprudence: The study of law and the structure of the legal system.
• Letter of concern: means a nondisciplinary advisory letter that is issued by the board to a person who is regulated under this chapter and that states that while there is insufficient evidence to support disciplinary action the board believes that the person should modify or eliminate certain practices and that continuation of the activities that led to the information being submitted to the board may result in action against the person's license, certificate or registration. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Letter of reprimand: means a disciplinary letter that is issued by the board and that informs a person who is regulated under this chapter that the person's conduct violates state or federal law but does not require the board to restrict the person's license, certificate or registration because the person's conduct did not result in harm to a patient or to the public. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• Limit: means taking a nondisciplinary action that alters the physician's practice or professional activities if the board determines that there is evidence that the physician is or may be mentally or physically unable to safely engage in the practice of medicine. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Medical assistant: means an unlicensed person who meets the requirements of section 32-1456, has completed an education program approved by the board, assists in a medical practice under the supervision of a doctor of medicine, physician assistant or nurse practitioner and performs delegated procedures commensurate with the medical assistant's education and training but does not diagnose, interpret, design or modify established treatment programs or perform any functions that would violate any statute applicable to the practice of medicine. See Arizona Laws 32-1401
• Medically incompetent: means a person who is licensed, certified or registered pursuant to this chapter and who lacks sufficient naturopathic medical knowledge or skills, or both, to a degree that is likely to endanger the health of patients. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• medication-assisted treatment: means the use of pharmacological medications that are approved by the United States food and drug administration, in combination with counseling and behavioral therapies, to provide a whole patient approach to the treatment of substance use disorders. See Arizona Laws 32-3201.01
• Medicine: means allopathic medicine as practiced by the recipient of a degree of doctor of medicine. See Arizona Laws 32-1401
• Minor: means a person under eighteen years of age. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• Month: means a calendar month unless otherwise expressed. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• Moral turpitude: means an offense, whether a misdemeanor or felony, that is related to extortion, burglary, larceny, bribery, embezzlement, robbery, racketeering, money laundering, forgery, fraud, murder, voluntary manslaughter or a sexual offense that requires the individual to register pursuant to section 13-3821. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• Natural substance: means a homeopathic, botanical, nutritional or other supplement that does not require a prescription pursuant to federal law before it is prescribed, dispensed or otherwise furnished to a patient and that is prescribed by a physician who is licensed pursuant to this chapter to enhance health, prevent disease or treat a medical condition diagnosed by the physician. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• naturopathic medical assistant: means a person who is certified by the board as a medical assistant, who assists a doctor of naturopathic medicine and who may perform delegated procedures that are commensurate with the assistant's education and training under the direct supervision of a doctor of naturopathic medicine and that do not include diagnosing, designing or modifying established treatment programs or those procedures prohibited by the board or by this chapter. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Naturopathic medical student: means a person who is enrolled in a course of study at an approved school of naturopathic medicine. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Naturopathic medicine: means medicine as taught in approved schools of naturopathic medicine and in clinical, internship, preceptorship and postdoctoral training programs approved by the board and practiced by a recipient of a degree of doctor of naturopathic medicine licensed pursuant to this chapter. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Nurse: means a person who is licensed pursuant to chapter 15 of this title. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Person: includes a corporation, company, partnership, firm, association or society, as well as a natural person. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• Physician: means a doctor of naturopathic medicine who is licensed pursuant to this chapter. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Physician: means a doctor of medicine who is licensed pursuant to this chapter. See Arizona Laws 32-1401
• Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
• Population: means the population according to the most recent United States decennial census. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• postdoctoral training: means that the program in which the training occurred or is being conducted has been approved for specialty training or for graduate medical education in naturopathic medicine by the board or approved or accredited by an educational or professional association recognized by the board or by another state's or country's licensing agency recognized by the board. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Practice of naturopathic medicine: means a medical system of diagnosing and treating diseases, injuries, ailments, infirmities and other conditions of the human mind and body, including by natural means, drugless methods, drugs, nonsurgical methods, devices, physical, electrical, hygienic and sanitary measures and all forms of physical agents and modalities. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• preceptorship: means that the program in which the training occurred or is being conducted has been approved for preceptorship training for physicians or for graduates of a school of naturopathic medicine by the board or was approved or accredited by an educational or professional association recognized by the board or by another state's or country's licensing agency recognized by the board. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
• Process: means a citation, writ or summons issued in the course of judicial proceedings. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• Property: includes both real and personal property. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
• Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
• Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
• Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
• Restrict: means taking a disciplinary action that alters the physician's practice or professional activities if the board determines that there is evidence that the physician is or may be medically incompetent or guilty of unprofessional conduct. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• school of naturopathic medicine: means a school, college or university determined by the board to have an educational program that meets standards prescribed by the council on naturopathic medical education, or its successor agency, and that offers a course of study that, on successful completion, results in the awarding of the degree of doctor of naturopathic medicine and whose course of study is either of the following:

  (a) Accredited or a candidate for accreditation by an accrediting agency recognized by the United States secretary of education as a specialized accrediting agency for schools of naturopathic medicine or its successor. See Arizona Laws 32-1501

• Specialist: means a physician who has successfully completed approved postdoctoral training, who is certified by a specialty board of examiners recognized by the board and who is certified by the board to practice the specialty pursuant to this chapter. See Arizona Laws 32-1501
• Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
• Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
• Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
• United States: includes the District of Columbia and the territories. See Arizona Laws 1-215
• Unprofessional conduct: includes the following, whether occurring in this state or elsewhere:

  (a) Intentionally disclosing a professional secret or intentionally disclosing a privileged communication except as either of these may otherwise be required by law. See Arizona Laws 32-1501

• Writing: includes printing. See Arizona Laws 1-215