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Terms Used In Alabama Code 12-12-4

  • Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
  • Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
  • Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.

In disposing of cases within its criminal jurisdiction, the district court may impose and suspend sentences, place criminal defendants on probation, remit fines and court costs and release defendants on personal recognizance in accordance with standards prescribed by law or rule; provided, that the court may enter an order authorizing the defendant to drive under the conditions set forth in the order.