Terms Used In Louisiana Revised Statutes > Title 13 > Chapter 7 > Part I > Subpart A - General Provisions

• Address: means street and municipal number, or other definite and ascertainable physical location if street and municipal number are not available; and, if a building not wholly occupied by the addressee, the location in the building. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Adviser: means a person who, at the request of the issuer, a confirmor, or another adviser, notifies, or requests another adviser to notify, the beneficiary that a letter of credit has been issued, confirmed, or amended. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Allegation: something that someone says happened.
• Allocated value: means (1) the par value of par-value shares, plus any amounts in excess of par value transferred from surplus to stated capital in respect of such shares, less any part of such amounts transferred from stated capital to capital surplus as permitted by this Chapter, and (2) the amount allocated to stated capital upon issuance of shares without par value, plus any amounts thereafter transferred from surplus to stated capital in respect of such shares, less any part of such amounts transferred from stated capital to capital surplus as permitted by this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
• Applicant: means a person at whose request or for whose account a letter of credit is issued. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Appraisal: A determination of property value.
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• Articles: means the original articles of incorporation, and all amendments thereto including those contained in merger agreements, or if restated, the latest restatement thereof, except in those instances in which the context expressly refers to the original articles of incorporation only. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Asset forfeiture: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
• Assets: means all of a corporation's property and rights of every kind. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
• Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
• Beneficiary: means a person who under the terms of a letter of credit is entitled to have its complying presentation honored. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
• Board: means the Louisiana Cemetery Board. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Burial: means the placement of human remains in a grave. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Capital surplus: means the aggregate of:

  (a)  The amount of the consideration received on issuance of issued shares in excess of the aggregate allocated value thereof; and

  (b)  Amounts transferred to capital surplus as permitted by this Chapter; and

  (c)  Surplus arising from revaluation to reflect unrealized appreciation in value of assets; less

  (d)  Transfers from, or other reductions in, capital surplus required or permitted by this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201

• Cemetery: means a place used or intended to be used for the interment of the human dead and, to the extent allowed in accordance with this Title, pet remains. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Cemetery space: means a grave, crypt, vault, niche, tomb, lawn crypt, or any other property used or intended to be used for the interment of human remains. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Chief judge: The judge who has primary responsibility for the administration of a court but also decides cases; chief judges are determined by seniority.
• Clerk of court: An officer appointed by the court to work with the chief judge in overseeing the court's administration, especially to assist in managing the flow of cases through the court and to maintain court records.
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Confirmor: means a nominated person who undertakes, at the request or with the consent of the issuer, to honor a presentation under a letter of credit issued by another. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: means any corporation or limited liability company which is authorized by its articles or an operating agreement to conduct any one or more of the businesses of a cemetery. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Court: means any court of competent jurisdiction where the registered office of the corporation is located. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Court reporter: A person who makes a word-for-word record of what is said in court and produces a transcript of the proceedings upon request.
• Cremated remains: means human remains after cremation in a crematory. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Decedent: A deceased person.
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Directors: means persons designated in the articles as such, and persons designated, elected or appointed by any other name or title to act as directors, and their successors. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
• Disposition: means the interment, burial, cremation, or anatomical donation of the body of a deceased person or parts of the body of a deceased person. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
• Document: means a draft or other demand, document of title, investment security, certificate, invoice, or other record, statement, or representation of fact, law, right, or opinion (i) which is presented in a written or other medium permitted by the letter of credit, or unless prohibited by the letter of credit, by the standard practice referred to in La. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Donor: The person who makes a gift.
• En banc: In the bench or "full bench." Refers to court sessions with the entire membership of a court participating rather than the usual quorum. U.S. courts of appeals usually sit in panels of three judges, but may expand to a larger number in certain cases. They are then said to be sitting en banc.
• Enrolled bill: The final copy of a bill or joint resolution which has passed both chambers in identical form. It is printed on parchment paper, signed by appropriate officials, and submitted to the President/Governor for signature.
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• Force majeure: means any of the following circumstances:

              (a) A major storm, major flood, or other similar natural disaster. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1

• Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor
• Good faith: means honesty in fact in the conduct or transaction concerned. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Governing body: means the board or body in which the bond issuing power of a governmental unit is vested. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 13:5121
• Grave: means a space of ground in a cemetery, used or intended to be used, for burial. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Human remains: means the body of a deceased person and includes the body in any stage of decomposition, as well as cremated remains. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
• Inter vivos: Transfer of property from one living person to another living person.
• Interment: means the disposition of human remains by inurnment, scattering, entombment, or burial in a place used or intended to be used, and dedicated, for cemetery purposes. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Issued shares: means outstanding shares and treasury shares. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Issuer: means a financial institution or other person that issues a letter of credit, but does not include an individual who makes an engagement for personal, family, or household purposes. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Legacy: A gift of property made by will.
• Legatee: A beneficiary of a decedent
• Letter of credit: means a definite undertaking that satisfies the requirements of La. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
• Member: means each natural or artificial person admitted to membership in a corporation, and, unless the context indicates otherwise, includes shareholders. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Membership: means an interest in a corporation entitling the holder thereof to participate in the control of the corporation or to a pro rata share of its net assets upon dissolution. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
• Mortgage loan: A loan made by a lender to a borrower for the financing of real property. ^{Source: OCC}
• Mortgagor: The person who pledges property to a creditor as collateral for a loan and who receives the money.
• Net assets: means the excess of assets over liabilities. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Niche: means a space in a columbarium used or intended to be used for inurnment of cremated human remains. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Nominated person: means a person whom the issuer (i) designates or authorizes to pay, accept, negotiate, or otherwise give value under a letter of credit and (ii) undertakes by agreement or custom and practice to reimburse. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• nonprofit corporation: means a corporation formed under this Chapter, as well as a corporation formed under the laws of this state before January 1, 1969 but of a class of corporations that might be formed under this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• Owner: means a person to whom the cemetery authority has transferred full title to or the right of use of or interment in any cemetery space and who appears as the title holder in the official records of the cemetery authority. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• perpetual care: means the maintenance, repair, and care of all places where interments have been or are to be made, including the improvements made upon the places, in keeping with a well-maintained cemetery, and general overhead expense necessary for such purposes. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Person: means an individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, association, trust, or any other legal entity. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
• Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
• Presentation: means delivery of a document to an issuer or nominated person for honor or giving of value under a letter of credit. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Presenter: means a person making a presentation as or on behalf of a beneficiary or nominated person. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium, or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Registered office: means that office maintained by the corporation in this state, the address of which is kept on file in the office of the Secretary of State in the manner required by this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).
• Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
• reuse: means the act of removing and disposing of a previously interred casket and the gathering and placing of human remains in an alternative container within the same cemetery space in order to accommodate additional interments. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Revolving credit: A credit agreement (typically a credit card) that allows a customer to borrow against a preapproved credit line when purchasing goods and services. The borrower is only billed for the amount that is actually borrowed plus any interest due. (Also called a charge account or open-end credit.) ^{Source: OCC}
• Sale: means the sale of the full title to any cemetery space or the sale of the right of use of or interment in any cemetery space. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• Share: means an interest in a corporation, represented by a stock certificate issued after payment for the shares represented thereby, entitling the holder thereof to participate in the control of the corporation or to a pro rata share of its net assets upon dissolution. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Stated capital: means the aggregate amount of:

  (a)  The aggregate allocated value of the issued shares; and

  (b)  Any other amounts transferred from surplus to stated capital; less

  (c)  Transfers from, or other reductions in, stated capital required or permitted by this Chapter. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201

• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Successor of a beneficiary: means a person who succeeds to substantially all of the rights of a beneficiary by operation of law, including a corporation with or into which the beneficiary has been merged or consolidated, an administrator, executor, personal representative, trustee in bankruptcy, debtor in possession, liquidator, and receiver. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 10:5-102
• Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
• Surplus: means the excess of assets over liabilities plus stated capital. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Testator: A male person who leaves a will at death.
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• tomb: means a structure or building for the entombment of human remains in crypts or vaults in a place used or intended to be used, and dedicated, for cemetery purposes. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
• Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
• Treasury shares: means issued shares which have been acquired by and belong to the corporation, if not required by the articles to be cancelled, or if not cancelled by order of the board of directors. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
• Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
• Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. ^{Source: OCC}
• vault: means a space in a mausoleum of sufficient size, used or intended to be used, to entomb human remains. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 8:1
• Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
• Voting member: means a person entitled to vote in accordance with the articles or by-laws. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Voting power: means the right vested, by law or by the articles or the by-laws, in the members, or in one or more classes of members, to vote in the determination of any particular question or matter coming before meetings of the members. See Louisiana Revised Statutes 12:201
• Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.