Michigan Laws > Chapter 324 > Act 451 of 1994 > Article III > Chapter 1 > LAND HABITATS > Part 353 – Sand Dunes Protection and Management
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Terms Used In Michigan Laws > Chapter 324 > Act 451 of 1994 > Article III > Chapter 1 > LAND HABITATS > Part 353 - Sand Dunes Protection and Management
- Accession: means goods that are physically united with other goods in such a manner that the identity of the original goods is not lost. See Michigan Laws 440.9102
- Accessory: means any accessory, equipment, additional part or replacement part for a vehicle for which a certificate of title is required to be issued under this act. See Michigan Laws 257.1a
- Account debtor: means a person obligated on an account, chattel paper, or general intangible. See Michigan Laws 440.9102
- account for: means a right to payment of a monetary obligation, whether or not earned by performance, for property that has been or is to be sold, leased, licensed, assigned, or otherwise disposed of, for services rendered or to be rendered, for a policy of insurance issued or to be issued, for a secondary obligation incurred or to be incurred, for energy provided or to be provided, for the use or hire of a vessel under a charter or other contract, arising out of the use of a credit or charge card or information contained on or for use with the card, or as winnings in a lottery or other game of chance operated or sponsored by a state, governmental unit of a state, or person licensed or authorized to operate the game by a state or governmental unit of a state. See Michigan Laws 440.9102
- accounting for: means a record that meets all of the following requirements:
(i) Authenticated by a secured party. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Accuser: means a person who signs and swears to charges, a person who directs that charges be signed and sworn to by another, or a person who has an interest other than an official interest in the prosecution of the accused. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Active service: means service, including active state service and special duty required by law, regulation, or pursuant to order of the governor. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Active service: means service, active state service, or special duty required by law, regulation, or order of the governor. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Active state duty: means the actual weekend, annual training, or special call up duty in the state military forces and includes travel to and from the duty site or station. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Active state service: means military service in support of civil authorities ordered by the governor or as provided by the Michigan military act. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Adjourn: A motion to adjourn a legislative chamber or a committee, if passed, ends that day's session. Administrative adjustment request: means an administrative adjustment request filed by a partnership under section 6227 of the internal revenue code. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Administrator: means the administrator of the authority as provided for in section 21525. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote. advisor: means an individual who has entered into a volunteer agreement with the department to serve as a nondeployable advisor in the Michigan cyber civilian corps. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Advisory board: means the Michigan cyber civilian corps advisory board created under section 9. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths. Affiliate: means a person that directly, or indirectly through 1 or more intermediaries, controls the person specified. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court. Agency: means a department of this state or a local department or agency, including public departments or agencies in a county, city, village, or township that in the course of conducting its business has or maintains access to federal information databases. See Michigan Laws 15.652 Agency: means a governmental agency. See Michigan Laws 15.671 agreement: means a restrictive covenant, evidenced by an instrument in which the owner and the state, for a term of years, agree to jointly hold the right to undertake development of the land, and that contains a covenant running with the land, for a term of years, not to undertake development, subject to permitted uses. See Michigan Laws 324.36101 Agricultural conservation easement: means a conveyance, by a written instrument, in which, subject to permitted uses, the owner relinquishes to the public in perpetuity his or her development rights and makes a covenant running with the land not to undertake development. See Michigan Laws 324.36101 Agricultural conservation easement: means a conveyance, by a written instrument, in which, subject to permitted uses, the owner relinquishes to the public in perpetuity his or her development rights and makes a covenant running with the land not to undertake development. See Michigan Laws 324.36201 Agricultural lien: means an interest, other than a security interest, in farm products that meets all of the following requirements:
(i) The interest secures payment or performance of an obligation for 1 or more of the following:
(A) Goods or services furnished in connection with a debtor's farming operation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Agricultural use: means the production of plants and animals useful to humans, including forages and sod crops; grains, feed crops, and field crops; dairy and dairy products; poultry and poultry products; livestock, including breeding and grazing of cattle, swine, captive cervidae, and similar animals; berries; herbs; flowers; seeds; grasses; nursery stock; fruits; vegetables; maple syrup production; Christmas trees; and other similar uses and activities. See Michigan Laws 324.36101 Agricultural use: means substantially undeveloped land devoted to the production of plants and animals useful to humans, including forages and sod crops; grains, feed crops, and field crops; dairy and dairy products; poultry and poultry products; livestock, including breeding and grazing of cattle, swine, captive cervidae, and similar animals; berries; herbs; flowers; seeds; grasses; nursery stock; fruits; vegetables; Christmas trees; and other similar uses and activities. See Michigan Laws 324.36201 Alcoholic liquor: means that term as defined in section 1d of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257. See Michigan Laws 324.82101 Alcoholic liquor: means that term as defined in section 105 of the Michigan liquor control code of 1998, 1998 PA 58, MCL 436. See Michigan Laws 18.421 Allegation: something that someone says happened. Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it. Amortization: Paying off a loan by regular installments. annual meeting: when applied to townships, mean the annual meeting required by law to be held on the Saturday immediately preceding the first Monday in April. See Michigan Laws 8.3d Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year. Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense. Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant. Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal. Appraisal: A determination of property value. Apprehension: means the taking of a person into custody. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization Approved claim: means a claim that is approved pursuant to section 21510. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Armory: means a building, facility, or the lots and grounds used by an army, navy, or air unit of the national guard or organized militia as a home station or for military training. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Arraignment: A proceeding in which an individual who is accused of committing a crime is brought into court, told of the charges, and asked to plead guilty or not guilty. Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority. Art: means an original, visual creation of quality executed in any size or shape, in any media, using any kind or combination of materials. See Michigan Laws 18.71 As-extracted collateral: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) Oil, gas, or other minerals that are subject to a security interest that is created by a debtor having an interest in the minerals before extraction and attaches to the minerals as extracted. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account. Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court. Attorney-at-law: A person who is legally qualified and licensed to practice law, and to represent and act for clients in legal proceedings. Attorney-in-fact: A person who, acting as an agent, is given written authorization by another person to transact business for him (her) out of court. Audited partnership: means a partnership subject to a partnership level audit resulting in a federal adjustment. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Authority: means the underground storage tank authority created in section 21523. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed. Bank: means an organization that is engaged in the business of banking. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings. Baseline: Projection of the receipts, outlays, and other budget amounts that would ensue in the future without any change in existing policy. Baseline projections are used to gauge the extent to which proposed legislation, if enacted into law, would alter current spending and revenue levels. Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. Source: OCC Bequest: Property gifted by will. Billing address: means the location indicated in the books and records of the financial institution on the first day of the tax year or on a later date in the tax year when the customer relationship began as the address where any notice, statement, or bill relating to a customer's account is mailed. See Michigan Laws 206.651 Biological diversity: means the full range of variety and variability within and among living organisms and the natural associations in which they occur. See Michigan Laws 324.35501 Board: means the board of ethics. See Michigan Laws 15.341 Board: means a board, commission, committee, or subcommittee in the department that has authority in regulatory actions concerning private individuals or entities. See Michigan Laws 15.481 Board: means board of county road commissioners. See Michigan Laws 324.35701 board: means the board of directors of the authority. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Board: means the agricultural preservation fund board created in section 36204. See Michigan Laws 324.36201 Bond proceeds account: means the account within the fund to which proceeds of bonds or notes issued under this part have been credited. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Bonds or notes: means the bonds, notes, commercial paper, other obligations of indebtedness, or any combination of these, issued by the finance authority pursuant to this part. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Branch: includes a separately incorporated foreign branch of a bank. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Buyer in ordinary course of business: means a person that buys goods in good faith, without knowledge that the sale violates the rights of another person in the goods, and in the ordinary course from a person, other than a pawnbroker, in the business of selling goods of that kind. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Cash proceeds: means proceeds that are money, checks, deposit accounts, or the like. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Casino: means that term as defined in section 110. See Michigan Laws 206.701 Casino licensee: means a person licensed to operate a casino under the Michigan Gaming Control and Revenue Act, 1996 IL 1, MCL 432. See Michigan Laws 206.701 Caucus: From the Algonquian Indian language, a caucus meant "to meet together." An informal organization of members of the legislature that exists to discuss issues of mutual concern and possibly to perform legislative research and policy planning for its members. There are regional, political or ideological, ethnic, and economic-based caucuses. Certificate of title: means a certificate of title with respect to which a statute provides for the security interest in question to be indicated on the certificate as a condition or result of the security interest's obtaining priority over the rights of a lien creditor with respect to the collateral. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Chattel paper: means a record or records that evidence both a monetary obligation and a security interest in specific goods, a security interest in specific goods and software used in the goods, a security interest in specific goods and license of software used in the goods, a lease of specific goods, or a lease of specific goods and license of software used in the goods. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Chief information officer: means the individual within the department designated by the governor as the chief information officer for this state. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Child: means an individual, whether over or under the age of majority, who is or is alleged to be owed a duty of support by the individual's parent or who is or is alleged to be the beneficiary of a support order directed to the parent. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Child-support order: means a support order for a child, including a child who has attained the age of majority under the law of the issuing state or foreign country. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 citation: means a complaint or notice upon which a police officer shall record an occurrence involving 1 or more vehicle law violations by the person cited. See Michigan Laws 257.727c City street: means city major street or city local street as described in section 9 of Act No. See Michigan Laws 324.35701 Claim: means the submission by the owner or operator or his or her representative of documentation on an application requesting payment by the authority. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Claim period: means a 1-year period commencing on October 1 of each year and ending on September 30 the following year. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Claimant: means a victim or intervenor who is injured, or any other person eligible for an award under section 4(1) or 5(1), who files a claim under this act. See Michigan Laws 18.351 Claims limit: means $1,000,000. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Client: means a municipal, educational, nonprofit, or critical infrastructure organization that has requested and is using the rapid response assistance of the Michigan cyber civilian corps under the direction of the department. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Closed session: means a meeting or part of a meeting of a public body that is closed to the public. See Michigan Laws 15.262 Collateral: means the property subject to a security interest or agricultural lien. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Commander-in-chief: means the governor of this state. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Commanding officer: includes only a commissioned officer. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Commercial domicile: means the headquarters of the trade or business, that is the place from which the trade or business is principally managed and directed, or if a financial institution is organized under the laws of a foreign country, of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or any territory or possession of the United States, such financial institution's commercial domicile shall be deemed for the purposes of this chapter to be the state of the United States or the District of Columbia from which such financial institution's trade or business in the United States is principally managed and directed. See Michigan Laws 206.651 Commercial tort claim: means a claim arising in tort with respect to which of the following applies:
(i) The claimant is an organization. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Commission: means the civil service commission. See Michigan Laws 15.462 Commission: means the commission of agriculture and rural development. See Michigan Laws 324.36201 Commission: means the Hispanic/Latino commission of Michigan created in section 2. See Michigan Laws 18.301 Commission: means the crime victim services commission. See Michigan Laws 18.351 Commission: means the state commission on criminal justice created in section 2. See Michigan Laws 18.401 Commission: means the Michigan commission on law enforcement standards created in section 3 of the Michigan commission on law enforcement standards act, 1965 PA 203, MCL 28. See Michigan Laws 18.421 Commission: means the commission of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Committee: means the joint legislative working committee on biological diversity created pursuant to section 35504. See Michigan Laws 324.35501 Committee: means the committee on art in public places. See Michigan Laws 18.71 Commodity account: means an account maintained by a commodity intermediary in which a commodity contract is carried for a commodity customer. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Commodity contract: means a commodity futures contract, an option on a commodity futures contract, a commodity option, or another contract if the contract or option is 1 of the following:
(i) Traded on or subject to the rules of a board of trade that has been designated as a contract market for such a contract pursuant to federal commodities laws. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Commodity customer: means a person for which a commodity intermediary carries a commodity contract on its books. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Commodity intermediary: means 1 of the following:
(i) A person that is registered as a futures commission merchant under federal commodities law. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action. Communicate: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) To send a written or other tangible record. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant. Concurrent resolution: A legislative measure, designated "S. Con. Res." and numbered consecutively upon introduction, generally employed to address the sentiments of both chambers, to deal with issues or matters affecting both houses, such as a concurrent budget resolution, or to create a temporary joint committee. Concurrent resolutions are not submitted to the President/Governor and thus do not have the force of law. Confinement: means the physical restraint of a person. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Consignee: means a merchant to which goods are delivered in a consignment. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Consignment: means a transaction, regardless of its form, in which a person delivers goods to a merchant for the purpose of sale and that meets all of the following:
(i) The merchant deals in goods of that kind under a name other than the name of the person making delivery, is not an auctioneer, and is not generally known by its creditors to be substantially engaged in selling the goods of others. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Consignor: means a person that delivers goods to a consignee in a consignment. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Consumer: means an individual who enters into a transaction primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Consumer goods: means goods that are used or bought for use primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Consumer obligor: means an obligor who is an individual and who incurred the obligation as part of a transaction entered into primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Consumer transaction: means a transaction in which an individual incurs an obligation primarily for personal, family, or household purposes, a security interest secures the obligation, and the collateral is held or acquired primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Consumer-goods transaction: means a consumer transaction in which an individual incurs an obligation primarily for personal, family, or household purposes and a security interest in consumer goods secures the obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time. Continuation statement: means an amendment of a financing statement which identifies, by its file number, the initial financing statement to which it relates and indicates that it is a continuation statement for, or that it is filed to continue the effectiveness of, the identified financing statement. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Contour change: includes any grading, filling, digging, or excavating that significantly alters the physical characteristic of a critical dune area, except that which is involved in sand dune mining as defined in part 637. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed. Contribution: means a payment, gift, subscription, assessment, expenditure, contract, payment for services, dues, advance, forbearance, loan, or donation of money or anything of ascertainable monetary value, or a transfer of anything of ascertainable monetary value to a person, made for or allocated to the purpose of defending an elected official in a criminal, civil, or administrative action that arises directly out of the conduct of the elected official's governmental duties. See Michigan Laws 15.523 Controlled substance: means that term as defined in section 7104 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Convention: means the Convention on the International Recovery of Child Support and Other Forms of Family Maintenance, concluded at The Hague on November 23, 2007. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Convicted: means 1 of the following:
(i) Having a judgment of conviction or a probation order entered in any court having jurisdiction over criminal offenses, including, but not limited to, a tribal court or a military court. See Michigan Laws 28.722Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant. Conviction: means a final conviction, the payment of a fine, a plea of guilty or nolo contendere if accepted by the court, or a finding of guilt or probate court disposition on a violation of this part, regardless of whether the penalty is rebated or suspended. See Michigan Laws 324.82101 Corporate partner: means a partner, other than a unitary business group, that is subject to tax under chapter 11, including a partner that has unrelated business activity. See Michigan Laws 206.721 corporation: means that term as defined in section 605. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name. Correctional custody: means the physical restraint of a person during duty or nonduty while on active state duty and includes extra duty, fatigue duty, or hard labor. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Corrective action: means that term as it is defined in section 21302. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 County local road: means county local road as described in section 4 of Act No. See Michigan Laws 324.35701 Credit card: means a credit, travel, or entertainment card. See Michigan Laws 206.651 credit card holder is located in this state: means a borrower, other than a credit card holder, that is engaged in a trade or business which maintains its commercial domicile in this state, or a borrower that is not engaged in a trade or business or a credit card holder whose billing address is in this state. See Michigan Laws 206.651 Creditor: includes a general creditor, a secured creditor, a lien creditor, and any representative of creditors, including an assignee for the benefit of creditors, a trustee in bankruptcy, a receiver in equity, and an executor or administrator of an insolvent debtor's or assignor's estate. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Crest: means the line at which the first lakeward facing slope of a critical dune ridge breaks to a slope of less than 1-foot vertical rise in a 5-1/2-foot horizontal plane for a distance of at least 20 feet, if the areal extent where this break occurs is greater than 1/10 acre in size. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Crime: means an act that is 1 of the following:
(i) A crime under the laws of this state or the United States that causes an injury within this state. See Michigan Laws 18.351Criminal justice in-service training: means a criminal justice program that includes education or training that is designed and intended to enhance the direct delivery of criminal justice services by participants who are authorized to receive education or training as provided in this act. See Michigan Laws 18.421 Critical dune area: means a geographic area designated in the "atlas of critical dune areas" dated February 1989 that was prepared by the department of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Critical infrastructure: means systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital to the United States or this state that the incapacity or destruction of that system or asset would have a debilitating impact on security, economic security, public health or safety, or any combination of these as determined by the department. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Custodial authority: means 1 or more of the following apply:
(i) The actor was a member of the same household as the victim. See Michigan Laws 28.722Cybersecurity incident: means an event occurring on or conducted through a computer network that actually or imminently jeopardizes the integrity, confidentiality, or availability of computers, information or communications systems or networks, physical or virtual infrastructure controlled by computers or information systems, or information resident on any of these. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries. Dating relationship: means frequent, intimate associations primarily characterized by the expectation of affectional involvement. See Michigan Laws 18.351.amended Dealer: means any person engaged in the sale, lease, or rental of snowmobiles as a regular business, other than an auctioneer. See Michigan Laws 324.82101 Debtor: means 1 of the following:
(i) A person having an interest, other than a security interest or other lien, in the collateral, whether or not the person is an obligor. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Decedent: A deceased person. Decision: means a determination, action, vote, or disposition upon a motion, proposal, recommendation, resolution, order, ordinance, bill, or measure on which a vote by members of a public body is required and by which a public body effectuates or formulates public policy. See Michigan Laws 15.262 Deductible amount: means the amount of corrective action costs or indemnification costs that are required to be paid by an owner or operator as provided in section 21510a. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another. Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime. Delivery: means either of the following:
(i) With respect to an electronic document of title, a voluntary transfer of control. See Michigan Laws 440.1201Department: means the department of natural resources unless expressly indicated otherwise. See Michigan Laws 324.33924 Department: means the department of environmental quality. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Department: means the department of licensing and regulatory affairs. See Michigan Laws 15.481 department: means the department of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 324.35801 department: means the department of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 324.35901 Department: means the department of management and budget. See Michigan Laws 18.71 Department: means the department of environmental quality. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Department: means the department of technology, management, and budget. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Department: means the department of agriculture and rural development. See Michigan Laws 324.36201 Department: means the department of state police. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Department: means the director of the department of natural resources or his or her designee to whom the director delegates a power or duty by written instrument. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Department of natural resources: means the principal state department created in section 501. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another. Dependent: means an individual principally dependent on another for support. See Michigan Laws 18.351.amended Deposit account: means a demand, time, savings, passbook, or similar account maintained with a bank. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial. Derivative instrument or product: means either of the following:
(i) A contract or convertible security that changes in value in concert with a related or underlying security, future, or other instrument or index; or that obtains much of its value from price movements in a related or underlying security, future, or other instrument or index; or both. See Michigan Laws 15.422Designated state official: means :
(i) For an election affecting employees and officers in the judicial branch of state government, the state court administrator. See Michigan Laws 15.562Development: means an activity that materially alters or affects the existing conditions or use of any land. See Michigan Laws 324.36101 Development: means an activity that materially alters or affects the existing conditions or use of any land in a manner that is inconsistent with an agricultural use. See Michigan Laws 324.36201 Development rights: means an interest in land that includes the right to construct a building or structure, to improve land for development, to divide a parcel for development, or to extract minerals incidental to a permitted use or as set forth in an instrument recorded under this part. See Michigan Laws 324.36101 Development rights: means an interest in land that includes the right to construct a building or structure, to improve land for development, or to divide a parcel for development purposes. See Michigan Laws 324.36201 Devise: To gift property by will. Direct partner: means a partner that holds an interest directly in a partnership or other flow-through entity. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Director: means the director of the department of management and budget or the designated representative of the director. See Michigan Laws 18.71 Director: means the director of the office of Hispanic/Latino affairs. See Michigan Laws 18.301 Director: means the director of the office of criminal justice. See Michigan Laws 18.401 Director: means the director of the department of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial. Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. Source: Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings. Document: means a document of title or a receipt of the type described in section 7201(2). See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Document of title: means a record that in the regular course of business or financing is treated as adequately evidencing that the person in possession or control of the record is entitled to receive, control, hold, and dispose of the record and the goods the record covers and that purports to be issued by or addressed to a bailee and to cover goods in the bailee's possession which are either identified or are fungible portions of an identified mass. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Duty of support: means an obligation imposed or imposable by law to provide support for a child, spouse, or former spouse, including an unsatisfied obligation to provide support. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 easement: means a grant, by an instrument, in which the owner relinquishes to the public in perpetuity or for a term of years the right to undertake development of the land, and that contains a covenant running with the land, not to undertake development, subject to permitted uses. See Michigan Laws 324.36101 Ecosystem: means an assemblage of species, together with the species' physical environment, considered as a unit. See Michigan Laws 324.35501 Elected official: means an individual who holds an elective office in state or local government in this state. See Michigan Laws 15.523 Elective office: means a public office filled by an election. See Michigan Laws 15.523 Electronic chattel paper: means chattel paper evidenced by a record or records consisting of information stored in an electronic medium. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Electronic funds transfer: The transfer of money between accounts by consumer electronic systems-such as automated teller machines (ATMs) and electronic payment of bills-rather than by check or cash. (Wire transfers, checks, drafts, and paper instruments do not fall into this category.) Source: OCC Eligible entity: means a governmental agency of the executive branch of this state or a subdivision of this state that is established and maintained in accordance with the laws of this state and that is authorized by the laws of this state to employ or appoint law enforcement officers licensed under section 9 and 9a of the Michigan commission on law enforcement standards act, 1965 PA 203, MCL 28. See Michigan Laws 18.421 Eligible person: means an owner or operator who meets the eligibility requirements under this part to submit a claim. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Eligible production company: means that term as defined under section 455 of the Michigan business tax act, 2007 PA 36, MCL 208. See Michigan Laws 206.701 Employee: means an employee, classified or unclassified, of the executive branch of this state. See Michigan Laws 15.341 Employee: means a person who performs a service for wages or other remuneration under a contract of hire, written or oral, express or implied. See Michigan Laws 15.361 Employee: means a person who is employed by or is an employee of a federal agency, an institution of higher education, a local unit of government, or a state agency. See Michigan Laws 15.501 Employee: means an individual employed by this state, an individual working for a private business entity under contract with this state, an individual working for a private business entity under contract with a county, city, village, or township, or an individual who is employed by a county, city, village, or township. See Michigan Laws 15.652 Employee: means an individual who is self-employed or works for any other entity as a full-time or part-time employee, contractual provider, or volunteer, regardless of whether he or she is financially compensated. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Employee or agent: means any of the following:
(i) An individual who is employed by, or under contract with, an agency. See Michigan Laws 15.671Employer: means a person who has 1 or more employees. See Michigan Laws 15.361 Encumbrance: means a right, other than an ownership interest, in real property. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Endangered species: means any species of fish, plant life, or wildlife that is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant part of its range, other than a species of insecta determined by the department or the secretary of the United States department of the interior to constitute a pest whose protection under this part would present an overwhelming and overriding risk to humans. See Michigan Laws 324.36501 Enhanced access: means a public record's immediate availability for public inspection, purchase, or copying by digital means. See Michigan Laws 15.442 Enlisted member: means a person in an enlisted grade. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs. Equipment: means goods other than inventory, farm products, or consumer goods. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. Source: U.S. Courts Escheat: Reversion of real or personal property to the state when 1) a person dies without leaving a will and has no heirs, or 2) when the property (such as a bank account) has been inactive for a certain period of time. Source: OCC Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met. Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other. Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office. Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller. Farm products: means goods, other than standing timber, with respect to which the debtor is engaged in a farming operation and which are 1 of the following:
(i) Crops grown, growing, or to be grown, including crops produced on trees, vines, and bushes, and aquatic goods produced in aquacultural operations. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Farming operation: means raising, cultivating, propagating, fattening, grazing, or any other farming, livestock, or aquacultural operation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Farmland: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) A farm of 40 or more acres in 1 ownership, with 51% or more of the land area devoted to an agricultural use. See Michigan Laws 324.36101Farmland: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) A farm of 40 or more acres in 1 ownership, with 51% or more of the land area devoted to an agricultural use. See Michigan Laws 324.36201Federal adjustment: means a change to an item or amount determined under the internal revenue code that is used by a taxpayer to compute tax liability under this act whether that change results from action by the IRS, including a partnership level audit, or the filing of an amended federal return, federal refund claim, or an administrative adjustment request by the taxpayer. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Federal adjustments report: includes methods or forms required by the department for use by a taxpayer to report final federal adjustments, including an amended tax return or information return. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Federal agency: means an agency, board, bureau, commission, department, division, office, or subdivision thereof of the federal government. See Michigan Laws 15.501 Federal partnership representative: means the person the partnership designates for the reviewed year as the partnership's representative, or the person the IRS has appointed to act as the federal partnership representative, pursuant to section 6223 of the internal revenue code. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Federal Reserve System: The central bank of the United States. The Fed, as it is commonly called, regulates the U.S. monetary and financial system. The Federal Reserve System is composed of a central governmental agency in Washington, D.C. (the Board of Governors) and twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks in major cities throughout the United States. Source: OCC Federal service: means military duty in the armed forces of the United States, including, without limitation, the army national guard of the United States and the air national guard of the United States, while subject to the uniform code of military justice, 10 USC, 801 to 946. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Federal tax information: means any information created by the recipient that is derived from federal return or return information received from the Internal Revenue Service or obtained through a secondary source such as the Social Security Administration, Federal Office of Child Support Enforcement, Bureau of the Fiscal Service, or Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or another entity acting on behalf of the Internal Revenue Service pursuant to an agreement under section 6103 of the internal revenue code, 26 USC 6103. See Michigan Laws 15.652 Felony: means that term as defined in section 1 of chapter I of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 174, MCL 761. See Michigan Laws 28.722 FFIEC: means the federal financial institutions examination council established pursuant to section 1004 of the financial institutions regulatory and interest rate control act of 1978, Public Law 95-630, 12 USC 3303. See Michigan Laws 206.651 Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator. File number: means the number assigned to an initial financing statement pursuant to section 9519(1). See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Filing office: means an office designated in section 9501 as the place to file a financing statement. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Filing-office rule: means a rule adopted pursuant to section 9526. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Final determination date: means that term as defined in section 325. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Finance authority: means the Michigan finance authority created by Executive Reorganization Order No. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Financial institution: means any of the following:
(i) A bank holding company, a national bank, a state chartered bank, a state chartered savings bank, a federally chartered savings association, or a federally chartered farm credit system institution. See Michigan Laws 206.651Financial institution: means a state or nationally chartered bank or a state or federally chartered savings and loan association, savings bank, or credit union whose deposits are insured by an agency of the United States government and that maintains a principal office or branch office located in this state under the laws of this state or the United States. See Michigan Laws 15.523 Financial report: means any of the following:
(i) An audit report or other report for a local unit showing the cost and fiscal year end market value of derivative instruments or products in the local unit's pension or nonpension investment portfolio at fiscal year end reported both on an aggregate basis and itemized by issuer and type of derivative instrument or product, including but not limited to an annual financial report under section 4 of the uniform budgeting and accounting act, Act No. See Michigan Laws 15.422Financial responsibility requirements: means the financial responsibility for taking corrective action and for compensating third parties for bodily injury and property damage caused by a release from a refined petroleum underground storage tank system that the owner or operator of a refined petroleum underground storage tank system must demonstrate under part 211 and the rules promulgated under that part. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Financing statement: means a record or records composed of an initial financing statement and any filed record relating to the initial financing statement. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 firearm: except as otherwise specifically defined in statute, includes any weapon which will, is designed to, or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by action of an explosive. See Michigan Laws 8.3t Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006. Fish or wildlife: means any member of the animal kingdom, including any mammal, fish, amphibian, mollusk, crustacean, arthropod, or other invertebrate, and includes any part, product, egg, or offspring, or the dead body or parts thereof. See Michigan Laws 324.36501 Fixture filing: means the filing of a financing statement covering goods that are or are to become fixtures and satisfying section 9502(1) and (2). See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Fixtures: means goods that have become so related to particular real property that an interest in them arises under real property law. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Flexible spending account: means a medical expense flexible spending account in conjunction with a cafeteria plan as permitted under the federal internal revenue code of 1986. See Michigan Laws 15.562 Flow-through entity: means an entity that for the applicable tax year is treated as an S corporation under section 1362(a) of the internal revenue code, a general partnership, a limited partnership, a limited liability partnership, or a limited liability company, that for the applicable tax year is not taxed as a corporation for federal income tax purposes. See Michigan Laws 206.701 Flow-through entity: means an entity that for the applicable tax year is treated as an S corporation under section 1362(a) of the internal revenue code, a general partnership, a limited partnership, a limited liability partnership, or a limited liability company, that for the applicable tax year is not taxed as a corporation for federal income tax purposes. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Forbearance: A means of handling a delinquent loan. A Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. Source: OCC Foredune: means 1 or more low linear dune ridges that are parallel and adjacent to the shoreline of a Great Lake and are rarely greater than 20 feet in height. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Foreign country: means a country, including a political subdivision thereof, other than the United States, that authorizes the issuance of support orders and 1 or more of the following:
(i) That has been declared under the law of the United States to be a foreign reciprocating country. See Michigan Laws 552.2102Foreign support order: means a support order of a foreign tribunal. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another. Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. Source: OCC Fund: means the agricultural preservation fund created in section 36202. See Michigan Laws 324.36101 Fund: means the state art in public places fund. See Michigan Laws 18.71 Fund: means the underground storage tank cleanup fund created in section 21506b and includes the bond proceeds account established within the fund. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Fund: means the agricultural preservation fund created in section 36202. See Michigan Laws 324.36201 Game: has the meaning given that term in part 401. See Michigan Laws 324.43504 Game and fish protection account: means the game and fish protection account of the Michigan conservation and recreation legacy fund provided for in section 2010. See Michigan Laws 324.43701 Game and fish protection account: means the game and fish protection account of the Michigan conservation and recreation legacy fund provided for in section 2010. See Michigan Laws 324.43504 Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor Gas: means a mixture of hydrocarbons and nonhydrocarbons in a gaseous state which may or may not be associated with oil and includes liquids resulting from the condensation of those hydrocarbons and nonhydrocarbons. See Michigan Laws 324.43701 General intangible: means any personal property, including things in action, other than accounts, chattel paper, commercial tort claims, deposit accounts, documents, goods, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, letters of credit, money, and oil, gas, or other minerals before extraction. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Genetic diversity: means the differences in genetic composition within and among populations of a given species. See Michigan Laws 324.35501 Geographical information system: means an informational unit or network capable of producing customized maps based on a digital representation of geographical data. See Michigan Laws 15.442 Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value. Good faith: except as otherwise provided in article 5, means honesty in fact and the observance of reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Goods: means all things that are movable when a security interest attaches. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Governing institution: means the state university within which the Michigan geological survey is established or continued under section 60102. See Michigan Laws 324.60101 Governmental unit: means a subdivision, agency, department, county, parish, municipality, or other unit of the government of the United States, a state, or a foreign country. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Grade: means a step or degree, in a graduated scale of office or military rank, that is established and designated as a grade by law or rule. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Grant: means a grant for the purchase of an agriculture conservation easement under this part. See Michigan Laws 324.36201 Grant awards: means funds paid to grantees from the Michigan justice training fund as provided in this act. See Michigan Laws 18.421 Grantee: means an entity eligible to receive grant awards from the Michigan justice training fund, including any of the following or a combination of any of the following:
(i) An agency, department, division, bureau, board, commission, council, or authority of this state or of a city, village, township, or county. See Michigan Laws 18.421Gross business: means the sum of the following less transactions between those entities included in a unitary business group:
(i) Fees, commissions, or other compensation for financial services. See Michigan Laws 206.651Guarantor: A party who agrees to be responsible for the payment of another party's debts should that party default. Source: OCC Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs. Habitat: means the area or type of environment in which an organism or biological population normally lives or occurs. See Michigan Laws 324.35501 Health-care-insurance receivable: means an interest in or claim under a policy of insurance which is a right to payment of a monetary obligation for health-care goods or services provided. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Highly restricted personal information: means an individual's photograph or image, Social Security number, digitized signature, and medical and disability information. See Michigan Laws 324.82101 Highway or street: means the entire width between the boundary lines of every way publicly maintained if any part of it is open to public use for vehicular travel. See Michigan Laws 324.82101 Historic snowmobile: means a snowmobile that is over 25 years old and that is owned solely as a collector's item and for occasional use and for participation in club activities, exhibitions, tours, parades, and similar uses, including mechanical testing. See Michigan Laws 324.82101 Holder: means any of the following:
(i) A person in possession of a negotiable instrument that is payable either to bearer or to an identified person that is the person in possession. See Michigan Laws 440.1201Household member: means an individual who resides in the same dwelling unit as a victim or intervenor. See Michigan Laws 18.351.amended Immediate family member: means a grandparent, parent, parent-in-law, stepparent, sibling, spouse, child, or stepchild. See Michigan Laws 15.481 Import: means to bring into, introduce into, or attempt to bring into or introduce into any place subject to the jurisdiction of this state. See Michigan Laws 324.36501 in writing: shall be construed to include printing, engraving, and lithographing; except that if the written signature of a person is required by law, the signature shall be the proper handwriting of the person or, if the person is unable to write, the person's proper mark, which may be, unless otherwise expressly prohibited by law, a clear and classifiable fingerprint of the person made with ink or another substance. See Michigan Laws 8.3q In-kind contributions: means services and goods as approved by the department that are provided by a grant recipient toward completion of a department-approved local snowmobile program under section 82107. See Michigan Laws 324.82101 Income-withholding order: means an order or other legal process directed to an obligor's employer or other debtor, as defined by the support and parenting time enforcement act, 1982 PA 295, MCL 552. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Indemnification: means indemnification of an owner or operator for a legally enforceable judgment entered against the owner or operator by a third party, or a legally enforceable settlement entered between the owner or operator and a third party, compensating that third party for bodily injury or property damage, or both, caused by an accidental release as those terms are defined in R 29. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. Source: FDIC Indigent: means an individual to whom 1 or more of the following apply:
(i) He or she has been found by a court to be indigent within the last 6 months. See Michigan Laws 28.722Indirect partner: means a partner in a partnership or other flow-through entity that itself holds an interest directly, or through another indirect partner, in a partnership or other flow-through entity. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury. Institution of higher education: means a public or private institution of a state which offers a degree or course of study beyond the twelfth grade. See Michigan Laws 15.501 Institution of higher education: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) A public or private community college, college, or university. See Michigan Laws 28.722Instrument: means a negotiable instrument or any other writing that evidences a right to the payment of a monetary obligation, is not itself a security agreement or lease, and is of a type that in ordinary course of business is transferred by delivery with any necessary indorsement or assignment. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Intangible property: Property that has no intrinsic value, but is merely the evidence of value such as stock certificates, bonds, and promissory notes. Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. Source: OCC Intervenor: means a person who goes to the aid of one who has become a victim of a crime and who suffers personal physical injury. See Michigan Laws 18.351 Intestate: Dying without leaving a will. Inventory: means goods, other than farm products, that meet 1 of the following:
(i) Are leased by a person as lessor. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Investment property: means a security, whether certificated or uncertificated, security entitlement, securities account, commodity contract, or commodity account. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Involuntary statement: means information provided by a law enforcement officer, if compelled under threat of dismissal from employment or any other employment sanction, by the law enforcement agency that employs the law enforcement officer. See Michigan Laws 15.391 IRS: means the Internal Revenue Service of the United States Department of the Treasury. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Issuing state: means the state in which a tribunal issues a support order or a judgment determining parentage of a child. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Issuing tribunal: means the tribunal of a state or foreign country that issues a support order or a judgment determining parentage of a child. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Joint committee: Committees including membership from both houses of teh legislature. Joint committees are usually established with narrow jurisdictions and normally lack authority to report legislation. Joint meeting: An occasion, often ceremonial, when the House and Senate each adopt a unanimous consent agreement Judge advocate: means an officer who is designated as a judge advocate by the state judge advocate general. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases. Juror: A person who is on the jury. Law: includes decisional and statutory law and rules and regulations having the force of law. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Law enforcement agency: means the department of state police, the department of natural resources, or a law enforcement agency of a county, township, city, village, airport authority, community college, or university, that is responsible for the prevention and detection of crime and enforcement of the criminal laws of this state. See Michigan Laws 15.391 Law enforcement agency: means an entity that is established and maintained in accordance with the laws of this state and that is authorized by the laws of this state to appoint or employ law enforcement officers. See Michigan Laws 18.421 Law enforcement distribution: means funds paid to eligible entities as provided in this act. See Michigan Laws 18.421 Law enforcement officer: means all of the following:
(i) A person who is trained and licensed or certified under the Michigan commission on law enforcement standards act, 1965 PA 203, MCL 28. See Michigan Laws 15.391Law of another state: means a law or ordinance enacted by any of the following:
(i) Another state. See Michigan Laws 324.82101Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). Source: OCC Legacy: A gift of property made by will. Legal defense fund: means all contributions received, held, or expended for the legal defense of an elected official. See Michigan Laws 15.523 Legislative session: That part of a chamber's daily session in which it considers legislative business (bills, resolutions, and actions related thereto). Letter-of-credit right: means a right to payment or performance under a letter of credit, whether or not the beneficiary has demanded or is at the time entitled to demand payment or performance. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity. License: includes the whole or part of an agency permit, certificate, approval, registration, charter, or similar form of permission required by law. See Michigan Laws 24.205 Licensing: includes agency activity involving the grant, denial, renewal, suspension, revocation, annulment, withdrawal, recall, cancellation, or amendment of a license. See Michigan Laws 24.205 Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt. Lien creditor: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) A creditor that has acquired a lien on the property involved by attachment, levy, or the like. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Life estate: A property interest limited in duration to the life of the individual holding the interest (life tenant). Line of duty: as used in this act means an act performed by a member of the state military establishment in obedience to or in conformity with a law, rule, regulation, order, command or custom of the military service or an act performed which is not in violation of a law, rule, regulation, order, command or custom of the military service, or that will not bring discredit to the military service. See Michigan Laws 32.521 Lineal descendant: Direct descendant of the same ancestors. Listed offense: means a tier I, tier II, or tier III offense. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants. Loan: means any extension of credit resulting from direct negotiations between the financial institution and its customer, or the purchase, in whole or in part, of such extension of credit from another. See Michigan Laws 206.651 Loan secured by real property: means that 50% or more of the aggregate value of the collateral used to secure a loan or other obligation, when valued at fair market value as of the time the original loan or obligation was incurred, was real property. See Michigan Laws 206.651 Local governing body: means 1 of the following:
(i) With respect to farmland or open space land that is located in a city or village, the legislative body of the city or village. See Michigan Laws 324.36101Local law enforcement agency: means the police department of a municipality. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Local unit: means an entity required to make an annual financial report under section 4 of Act No. See Michigan Laws 15.422 local unit: means a municipality or county. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Local unit of government: means a city, county, township, village, school district, intermediate school district, or subdivision thereof of this state or any other state. See Michigan Laws 15.501 Local unit of government: means a city, village, township, or county, a municipal electric utility system as defined in section 4 of the Michigan energy employment act of 1976, 1976 PA 448, MCL 460. See Michigan Laws 15.562 Local unit of government: means a county, city, village, or township. See Michigan Laws 18.1701 Location: means a parcel of property where refined petroleum underground storage tank systems are registered pursuant to part 211. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Majority leader: see Floor Leaders Manufactured home: means a structure, transportable in 1 or more sections, which, in the traveling mode, is 8 body feet or more in width or 40 body feet or more in length, or when erected on site, is 320 or more square feet, and which is built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling with or without a permanent foundation when connected to the required utilities, and includes the plumbing, heating, air-conditioning, and electrical systems contained therein. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Manufactured-home transaction: means a secured transaction that creates a purchase-money security interest in a manufactured home, other than a manufactured home held as inventory, or in which a manufactured home, other than a manufactured home held as inventory, is the primary collateral. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 martial rule: means the exercise of partial or complete military control over domestic territory in time of emergency because of public necessity. See Michigan Laws 32.505 MCOLES information and tracking network: means the commission's web-enabled information system for the licensing, reporting, and tracking of personnel and training records for Michigan law enforcement officers. See Michigan Laws 18.421 Medical benefit plan: means a plan established and maintained by a carrier, a voluntary employees' beneficiary association described in section 501(c)(9) of the internal revenue code of 1986, 26 USC 501, or by 1 or more public employers, that provides for the payment of medical benefits, including, but not limited to, hospital and physician services, prescription drugs, and related benefits, for public employees or elected public officials. See Michigan Laws 15.562 Medical benefit plan coverage year: means the 12-month period after the effective date of the contractual or self-insured medical coverage plan that a public employer provides to its employees or public officials. See Michigan Laws 15.562 Medical benefits: means medical, optical, or dental benefits, including, but not limited to, hospital and physician services, prescription drugs, and related benefits. See Michigan Laws 15.582 Meeting: means the convening of a public body at which a quorum is present for the purpose of deliberating toward or rendering a decision on a public policy, or any meeting of the board of a nonprofit corporation formed by a city under section 4o of the home rule city act, 1909 PA 279, MCL 117. See Michigan Laws 15.262 Member: means a shareholder of an S corporation, a partner in a general partnership, a limited partnership, or a limited liability partnership, a member of a limited liability company, or a beneficiary of a trust, that is a flow-through entity. See Michigan Laws 206.701 Michigan cyber civilian corps: means the program established by this act under which civilian volunteers who have expertise in addressing cybersecurity incidents may volunteer at the invitation of the department to provide rapid response assistance to a municipal, educational, nonprofit, or critical infrastructure organization in need of expert assistance during a cybersecurity incident. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Michigan cyber civilian corps volunteer: means an individual who has entered into a volunteer agreement with the department to serve as a deployable volunteer in the Michigan cyber civilian corps. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Michigan justice training fund: means the Michigan justice training fund created in this act. See Michigan Laws 18.421 Michigan national guard: means the army national guard and the air national guard. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Michigan obligations: means a bond, note, or other obligation issued by a governmental unit described in section 3 of the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 206.651 Michigan register: means the publication described in section 8. See Michigan Laws 24.205 Military: means a reference to all components of the state military establishment. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Military: includes each armed force of the United States and each component of the state military establishment. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Military court: means a court-martial, a court of inquiry, or the military appeals tribunal. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Military establishment: means the organized militia of this state, including the employees and equipment assigned or necessary to carry out the provisions of this act. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Military judge: means a judge advocate designated as a military judge by the state judge advocate general or an official of a general or special court-martial appointed pursuant to section 26. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Mineral: means an inorganic substance that can be extracted from the earth, except for oil or gas, and includes rock, metal ores, and mineral water. See Michigan Laws 324.43701 Mineral: means that term as defined in section 2 of the nonferrous metallic minerals extraction severance tax act. See Michigan Laws 206.31b Minor: means a victim of a listed offense who was less than 18 years of age at the time the offense was committed. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Minor offense: means an offense under a punitive section of this act that a commanding officer considers minor. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Minority leader: See Floor Leaders Model zoning plan: means the model zoning plan provided for in section 35304 to 35309 and 35311a to 35324. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 monetary obligation: means a monetary obligation secured by the goods or owed under a lease of the goods and includes a monetary obligation with respect to software used in the goods. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Money: means a medium of exchange authorized or adopted by a domestic or foreign government. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 month: means a calendar month; the word "year" a calendar year; and the word "year" alone shall be equivalent to the words "year of our Lord". See Michigan Laws 8.3j Mortgage: means a consensual interest in real property, including fixtures, which secures payment or performance of an obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan. Mortgagee: The person to whom property is mortgaged and who has loaned the money. Mortgagor: The person who pledges property to a creditor as collateral for a loan and who receives the money. motor vehicle liability policy: as used in this chapter , shall mean an owner's or an operator's policy of liability insurance, certified as provided in section 518 or section 519 as proof of financial responsibility, and issued, except as otherwise provided in section 519, by an insurance carrier duly authorized to transact business in this state, to or for the benefit of the person named therein as insured. See Michigan Laws 257.520 Municipality: means a city, village, or township of this state. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Municipality: means a city, village, or township. See Michigan Laws 324.301 National Bank: A bank that is subject to the supervision of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency is a bureau of the U.S. Treasury Department. A national bank can be recognized because it must have "national" or "national association" in its name. Source: OCC Native vegetation: means original or indigenous plants of this state including trees, shrubs, vines, wild flowers, aquatic plants, or ground cover. See Michigan Laws 324.35701 Natural: means in a state provided by nature, without human-made changes, wild, or uncultivated. See Michigan Laws 324.35701 Natural area: means a tract of state land or water under control of the department and dedicated and regulated by the department pursuant to this part which:
(i) Has retained or reestablished its natural character, or has unusual flora and fauna or biotic, geologic, scenic, or other similar features of educational or scientific value, but it need not be undisturbed. See Michigan Laws 324.35101New debtor: means a person that becomes bound as debtor under section 9203(4) by a security agreement previously entered into by another person. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 New value: means money, money's worth in property, services, or new credit, or release by a transferee of an interest in property previously transferred to the transferee. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose. Noncash proceeds: means proceeds other than cash proceeds. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Nongame fish and wildlife: means fish or wild animals that are unconfined and not ordinarily taken for sport, fur, or food, and the habitat that supports them. See Michigan Laws 324.43901 Nonresident: means an individual who is not a resident of or domiciled in this state, a business entity that does not have its commercial domicile in this state, or a trust not organized in this state. See Michigan Laws 206.701 Nonresident partner: means an individual, estate, or trust partner that is not a resident partner. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Notice: means a written or electronic record that informs a person of past or future action of the person generating the record. See Michigan Laws 24.205 Notice of objection: means the record adopted by the committee that indicates the committee's formal objection to a proposed rule. See Michigan Laws 24.205 Oath: A promise to tell the truth. oath: shall be construed to include the word "affirmation" in all cases where by law an affirmation may be substituted for an oath; and in like cases the word "sworn" shall be construed to include the word "affirmed". See Michigan Laws 8.3k Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period. Obligee: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) An individual to whom a duty of support is or is alleged to be owed or in whose favor a support order or a judgment determining parentage of a child has been issued. See Michigan Laws 552.2102Obligor: means a person that, with respect to an obligation secured by a security interest in or an agricultural lien on the collateral, owes payment or other performance of the obligation, has provided property other than the collateral to secure payment or other performance of the obligation, or is otherwise accountable in whole or in part for payment or other performance of the obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Obligor: means an individual about whom 1 of the following is true, or the estate of a decedent about whom 1 of the following was true before the individual's death:
(i) Owes or is alleged to owe a duty of support. See Michigan Laws 552.2102Office: means the office of Hispanic/Latino affairs as created in section 4. See Michigan Laws 18.301 Office: means , unless expressly stated otherwise, the office of performance and transformation. See Michigan Laws 24.205 Office: means the office of criminal justice created in section 3. See Michigan Laws 18.401 Officer: means a commissioned officer and a warrant officer, unless a distinction between commissioned officer and warrant officer is clearly evident. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Officer: means a commissioned or warrant officer. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Oil: means natural crude oil or petroleum and other hydrocarbons, regardless of gravity, which are produced at the well in liquid form by ordinary production methods and which are not the result of condensation of gas after it leaves the underground reservoir. See Michigan Laws 324.43701 Open space land: means 1 of the following:
(i) Lands defined as 1 or more of the following:
(A) Any undeveloped site included in a national registry of historic places or designated as a historic site pursuant to state or federal law. See Michigan Laws 324.36101Operate: means to ride in or on and be in actual physical control of the operation of a snowmobile. See Michigan Laws 324.82101 Operating expenses: includes , but is not limited to, a public body's direct cost of creating, compiling, storing, maintaining, processing, upgrading, or enhancing information or data in a form available for enhanced access, including the cost of computer hardware and software, system development, employee time, and the actual cost of supplying the information or record in the form requested by the purchaser. See Michigan Laws 15.442 Operator: means that term as it is defined in section 21303 or a person to whom an approved claim has been assigned or transferred. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Operator: means any individual who operates a snowmobile. See Michigan Laws 324.82101 Opioid antagonist: means naloxone hydrochloride or any other similarly acting and equally safe drug approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of drug overdose. See Michigan Laws 15.671 Opioid-related overdose: means a condition, including, but not limited to, extreme physical illness, decreased level of consciousness, respiratory depression, coma, or death, that results from the consumption or use of an opioid or another substance with which an opioid was combined or that a reasonable person would believe to be an opioid-related overdose that requires medical assistance. See Michigan Laws 15.671 Oral argument: An opportunity for lawyers to summarize their position before the court and also to answer the judges' questions. Organization: means a person other than an individual. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Original debtor: means , except as used in section 9310(3), a person that, as debtor, entered into a security agreement to which a new debtor has become bound under section 9203(4). See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Other services necessary: means recognized medical treatment, convalescent aids, supplies, and other equipment needed by the victim because of physical incapacity sustained as a direct result of the crime. See Michigan Laws 18.351.amended Out-of-pocket loss: means the unreimbursed and unreimbursable expenses or indebtedness reasonably incurred for medical care, psychological counseling, replacement services, any nonmedical remedial treatment rendered in accordance with a recognized religious method of healing, or other services necessary as a result of the injury upon which a claim is based. See Michigan Laws 18.351 Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program. Owner: means a person having a freehold estate in land coupled with possession and enjoyment. See Michigan Laws 324.36101 Owner: means a person having a freehold estate in land coupled with possession and enjoyment. See Michigan Laws 324.36201 Owner: means that term as it is defined in section 21303. See Michigan Laws 324.21502 Owner: means any of the following:
(i) A person that holds the legal title to a snowmobile. See Michigan Laws 324.82101Participation: means an extension of credit in which an undivided ownership interest is held on a pro rata basis in a single loan or pool of loans and related collateral. See Michigan Laws 206.651 Partner: means a person that holds an interest directly or indirectly in a partnership or other flow-through entity. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Partnership: means a taxpayer that is required to or has elected to file as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. See Michigan Laws 206.701 Partnership: means an entity subject to taxation under subchapter K of the internal revenue code. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses. Partnership level audit: means an examination by the IRS at the partnership level pursuant to section 6221 to 6241 of the internal revenue code, which results in federal adjustments. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Party: means a person or agency named, admitted, or properly seeking and entitled of right to be admitted, as a party in a contested case. See Michigan Laws 24.205 Payment intangible: means a general intangible under which the account debtor's principal obligation is a monetary obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Peace officer: means any of the following:
(i) A sheriff. See Michigan Laws 324.82101Permit: means a permit for a use within a critical dune area under this part. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Permitted use: means any use expressly authorized within a development rights agreement, development rights easement, or agriculture conservation easement that is consistent with the farming operation or that does not alter the open space character of the land. See Michigan Laws 324.36101 Permitted use: means any use expressly authorized within an agriculture conservation easement consistent with the farming operation or that does not adversely affect the productivity of the farmland. See Michigan Laws 324.36201 Person: means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, government, governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality, public corporation, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Person: means an individual, sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, association, or any other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 15.361 Person: means an individual, partnership, corporation, association, or other nongovernmental legal entity. See Michigan Laws 324.33924 Person: means that term as defined in section 2 of the freedom of information act, 1976 PA 442, MCL 15. See Michigan Laws 15.442 Person: means a business, individual, proprietorship, firm, partnership, joint venture, syndicate, business trust, labor organization, company, corporation, association, committee, or any other organization or group of persons acting jointly. See Michigan Laws 15.523 Person: includes an individual, corporation, limited liability company, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, or association, or 2 or more persons having a joint or common interest in land. See Michigan Laws 324.36101 Person: means an individual, partnership, corporation, association, governmental entity, or other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 324.21503 Person: means an individual, partnership, association, corporation, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, governmental subdivision, or public or private organization of any kind other than the agency engaged in the particular processing of a rule, declaratory ruling, or contested case. See Michigan Laws 24.205 person: may extend and be applied to bodies politic and corporate, as well as to individuals. See Michigan Laws 8.3l Person: means an individual, partnership, corporation, association, governmental entity, or other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 324.301 Personal information: means information that identifies an individual, including an individual's driver identification number, name, address not including zip code, and telephone number, but does not include information on snowmobile operation or equipment-related violations or civil infractions, operator or snowmobile registration status, accidents, or other behaviorally-related information. See Michigan Laws 324.82101 Personal injury: means either of the following injuries:
(i) Actual bodily harm, including pregnancy or death. See Michigan Laws 18.351.amendedPersonal physical injury: means actual bodily harm and includes pregnancy. See Michigan Laws 18.351 Personal property: All property that is not real property. Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit. Plan: means a comprehensive adult or juvenile justice plan developed under federal or state law requirements. See Michigan Laws 18.401 Planning commission: means the body or entity within a local government that is responsible for zoning and land use planning for the local unit of government. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Planning commission: means a planning commission created under the Michigan planning enabling act, 2008 PA 33, MCL 125. See Michigan Laws 324.36101 Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court. Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer. Political subdivision: includes all public bodies corporate within but not including the state, including all agencies thereof or any non-incorporated body within the state of whatever nature, including all agencies thereof. See Michigan Laws 15.303 Political subdivision: means a municipal corporation, county, county road commission, school district, community college district, public library, port district, metropolitan district, or transportation authority or a combination of 2 or more of these when acting jointly; a district or authority authorized by law or formed by 1 or more political subdivisions; or an agency, department, court, board, or council of a political subdivision. See Michigan Laws 15.671 Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. Source: OCC Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way. Presentence report: A report prepared by a court's probation officer, after a person has been convicted of an offense, summarizing for the court the background information needed to determine the appropriate sentence. Source: U.S. Courts Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents. Prior conviction: means a conviction for any of the following, whether under a law of this state, a local ordinance substantially corresponding to a law of this state, a law of the United States substantially corresponding to a law of this state, or a law of another state substantially corresponding to a law of this state:
(i) A violation or an attempted violation of section 82127(1), (3), (4), (5), (6), or (7), except that only 1 violation or attempted violation of section 82127(6), a local ordinance substantially corresponding to section 82127(6), or a law of another state substantially corresponding to section 82127(6), or a law of the United States substantially corresponding to section 82127(6) may be used as a prior conviction other than for enhancement purposes as provided in section 82129a(1)(b). See Michigan Laws 324.82101private enterprise: means a business which provides goods or services and which is not a governmental entity. See Michigan Laws 17.51 Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law. Probate: Proving a will Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed. Proceeds: means , except as used in section 9609(2), 1 or more of the following property:
(i) Whatever is acquired upon the sale, lease, license, exchange, or other disposition of collateral. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Processing of a rule: means the action required or authorized by this act regarding a rule that is to be promulgated, including the rule's adoption, and ending with the rule's promulgation. See Michigan Laws 24.205 Prohibited use: means a use that is not consistent with an agricultural use for farmland subject to a development rights agreement or is not consistent with the open space character of the land for lands subject to a development rights easement. See Michigan Laws 324.36101 Promissory note: means an instrument that evidences a promise to pay a monetary obligation, does not evidence an order to pay, and does not contain an acknowledgment by a bank that the bank has received for deposit a sum of money or funds. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Property taxes: means general ad valorem taxes levied after January 1, 1974, on lands and structures in this state, including collection fees, but not including special assessments, penalties, or interest. See Michigan Laws 324.36101 Proposal: means a record authenticated by a secured party which includes the terms on which the secured party is willing to accept collateral in full or partial satisfaction of the obligation it secures pursuant to sections 9620, 9621, and 9622. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government. Public body: means any state or local legislative or governing body, including a board, commission, committee, subcommittee, authority, or council, that is empowered by state constitution, statute, charter, ordinance, resolution, or rule to exercise governmental or proprietary authority or perform a governmental or proprietary function; a lessee of such a body performing an essential public purpose and function pursuant to the lease agreement; or the board of a nonprofit corporation formed by a city under section 4o of the home rule city act, 1909 PA 279, MCL 117. See Michigan Laws 15.262 Public body: means all of the following:
(i) A state officer, employee, agency, department, division, bureau, board, commission, council, authority, or other body in the executive branch of state government. See Michigan Laws 15.361Public body: means that term as defined in section 2 of the freedom of information act, 1976 PA 442, MCL 15. See Michigan Laws 15.442 public employee: means an employee of the state classified civil service, or an employee of a political subdivision of the state who is not an elected official. See Michigan Laws 15.401 Public employee: means a person holding a position by appointment or employment in the government of this state; in the government of 1 or more of the political subdivisions of this state; in the public school service; in a public or special district; in the service of an authority, commission, or board of this state or a political subdivision of this state; or in any other branch of the public service. See Michigan Laws 15.582 Public employer: means this state; a local unit of government or other political subdivision of this state; any intergovernmental, metropolitan, or local department, agency, or authority, or other local political subdivision; a school district, a public school academy, or an intermediate school district, as those terms are defined in section 4 to 6 of the revised school code, 1976 PA 451, MCL 380. See Michigan Laws 15.562 Public employer: means a county, township, village, city, authority, school district, or other political subdivision of this state and includes any entity jointly created by 2 or more public employers. See Michigan Laws 15.601 Public entity: means the state including all agencies thereof, any public body corporate within the state, including all agencies thereof, or any non-incorporated public body within the state of whatever nature, including all agencies thereof. See Michigan Laws 15.321 Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide. Public officer: means a person appointed by the governor or another executive department official. See Michigan Laws 15.341 Public organic record: means a record that is available to the public for inspection and is any of the following:
(i) A record consisting of the record initially filed with or issued by a state or the United States to form or organize an organization and any record filed with or issued by the state or the United States which amends or restates the initial record. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Public record: means that term as defined in section 2 of the freedom of information act, 1976 PA 442, MCL 15. See Michigan Laws 15.442 Public servant: includes all persons serving any public entity, except members of the legislature and state officers who are within the provisions of section 10 of article 4 of the state constitution as implemented by legislative act. See Michigan Laws 15.321 Publicly traded partnership: means that term as defined under section 7704 of the internal revenue code. See Michigan Laws 206.701 Purchase: means taking by sale, lease, discount, negotiation, mortgage, pledge, lien, security interest, issue or reissue, gift, or any other voluntary transaction creating an interest in property. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Purchaser: means a person that takes by purchase. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Qualified taxpayer: means a taxpayer subject to the minerals severance tax levied under the nonferrous metallic minerals extraction severance tax act. See Michigan Laws 206.31b Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business. Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land. Reasonable fee: means a charge calculated to enable a public body to recover over time only those operating expenses directly related to the public body's provision of enhanced access. See Michigan Laws 15.442 Receiving agency: means a federal agency, institution of higher education, local unit of government, or a state agency which receives an employee from a sending agency pursuant to this act. See Michigan Laws 15.501 Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Record: means information that is inscribed on a paper or electronic medium. See Michigan Laws 24.205 record owner: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or which is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. Source: FDIC Recreational snowmobile trail improvement subaccount: means the recreational snowmobile trail improvement subaccount of the snowmobile account created in section 82110. See Michigan Laws 324.82101 Refined petroleum: means aviation gasoline, middle distillates, jet fuel, kerosene, gasoline, residual oils, and any oxygenates that have been blended with any of these. See Michigan Laws 324.21503 Refined petroleum fund: means the refined petroleum fund established under section 21506a. See Michigan Laws 324.21503 Refined petroleum underground storage tank: means an underground storage tank system used for the storage of refined petroleum. See Michigan Laws 324.21503 Register: means to record in a tribunal of this state a support order or judgment determining parentage of a child issued in another state or a foreign country. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Registered organization: means an organization organized solely under the law of a single state or the United States by the filing of a public organic record with, the issuance of a public organic record by, or the enactment of legislation by the state or the United States. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Registering authority: means the local law enforcement agency or sheriff's office having jurisdiction over the individual's residence, place of employment, or institution of higher learning, or the nearest department post designated to receive or enter sex offender registration information within a registration jurisdiction. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Registering tribunal: means a tribunal in which a support order or judgment determining parentage of a child is registered. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Registration jurisdiction: means each of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, the United States Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and the Indian tribes within the United States that elect to function as a registration jurisdiction. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Regular place of business: means an office at which the financial institution carries on its business in a regular and systematic manner and which is continuously maintained, occupied, and used by employees of the financial institution. See Michigan Laws 206.651 Release: means that term as it is defined in section 21303. See Michigan Laws 324.21503 Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant. Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings. removed: means a physical transfer other than by evaporation, loss, or destruction of refined petroleum or a refined petroleum product from a refiner, pipeline terminal operator, or marine terminal operator. See Michigan Laws 324.21503 Replacement services: means homemaking tasks, child care, transportation, and other services previously performed by the victim that, because of the victim's injury, must temporarily or permanently be performed by a person other than the victim. See Michigan Laws 18.351 Reporting department: means a state department or agency that is required by the committee under this part to file 1 or more reports. See Michigan Laws 324.35501 Representative: means a person empowered to act for another, including an agent, an officer of a corporation or association, and a trustee, executor, or administrator of an estate. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation. Residence: as used in this act , for registration and voting purposes means that place at which a person habitually sleeps, keeps his or her personal effects, and has a regular place of lodging. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Resident: means that term as defined in section 18. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Resident: means either of the following:
(i) A person who resides in a settled or permanent home or domicile within the boundaries of this state with the intention of remaining in this state. See Michigan Laws 324.44101Resident partner: means an individual, estate, or trust that is a resident for the relevant tax year. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Restabilization: means restoration of the natural contours of a critical dune to the extent practicable, the restoration of the protective vegetative cover of a critical dune through the establishment of indigenous vegetation, and the placement of snow fencing or other temporary sand trapping measures for the purpose of preventing erosion, drifting, and slumping of sand. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action. Return: means any tax or information return, estimated tax declaration, or refund claim, and includes amendments, supplements, supporting schedules, attachments, or lists required by or permitted under the internal revenue code and filed with the Internal Revenue Service by, on behalf of, or with respect to any person or entity. See Michigan Laws 15.652 Return information: means any information collected or generated by the Internal Revenue Service with regard to any person's liability or possible liability under the internal revenue code. See Michigan Laws 15.652 Reviewed year: means the tax year of a partnership that is subject to a partnership level audit from which a federal adjustment arises. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Right: includes remedy. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Right-of-way: means that portion of a highway or street not including the roadway and any shoulder. See Michigan Laws 324.82101 Rolling stock: means railroad freight or passenger cars, locomotives, or other rail cars. See Michigan Laws 206.651 Rule: means a rule promulgated pursuant to the administrative procedures act of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24. See Michigan Laws 324.301 S corporation: means a corporation electing taxation under subchapter S of chapter 1 of subtitle A of the internal revenue code, section 1361 to 1379 of the internal revenue code. See Michigan Laws 206.701 Schedule of costs: means the list of allowable reimbursement amounts that may be paid on a claim, as established in section 21510b. See Michigan Laws 324.21503 School district: means a school district, local act school district, or intermediate school district as those terms are defined in the revised school code, 1976 PA 451, MCL 380. See Michigan Laws 15.601 seal: shall be construed to include any of the following:
(a) The impression of the seal on the paper alone. See Michigan Laws 8.3nSecondary obligor: means an obligor to the extent that the obligor's obligation is secondary or the obligor has a right of recourse with respect to an obligation secured by collateral against the debtor, another obligor, or property of either. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Secured party: means 1 or more of the following:
(i) A person in whose favor a security interest is created or provided for under a security agreement, whether or not any obligation to be secured is outstanding. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Security agreement: means an agreement that creates or provides for a security interest. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Security interest: means an interest in personal property or fixtures which secures payment or performance of an obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Sending agency: means a federal agency, institution of higher education, local unit of government, or a state agency which sends an employee to a receiving agency pursuant to this act. See Michigan Laws 15.501 Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party. Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims. Shall: is a lways mandatory and "may" is always discretionary. See Michigan Laws 206.2 shall not apply: means that the pertinent provision is not operative as to certain persons or things or in conjunction with a particular date or dates. See Michigan Laws 8.4c Site: means that term as it is defined in section 21303. See Michigan Laws 324.21503 Snowmobile: means any motor-driven vehicle that is designed for travel primarily on snow or ice and that utilizes sled-type runners or skis, an endless belt tread, or any combination of these or other similar means of contact with the surface upon which it is operated, but is not a vehicle that must be registered under the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257. See Michigan Laws 324.82101 Snowmobile account: means the snowmobile account of the Michigan conservation and recreation legacy fund provided for in section 2025. See Michigan Laws 324.82101 Snowmobile registration fee subaccount: means the snowmobile registration fee subaccount of the snowmobile account created in section 82111. See Michigan Laws 324.82101 Software: means a computer program and any supporting information provided in connection with a transaction relating to the program. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Software: means a set of statements or instructions that when incorporated in a machine-usable medium is capable of causing a machine or device having information processing capabilities to indicate, perform, or achieve a particular function, task, or result. See Michigan Laws 15.442 Special duty: means military service in support of the full-time operation of the state military establishment for a period of not less than 1 day if ordered by competent authority. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Special use project: means any of the following:
(i) A proposed use in a critical dune area for an industrial or commercial purpose regardless of the size of the site. See Michigan Laws 324.35301Specialty court program: means a program under any of the following:
(i) A drug treatment court, as defined in section 1060 of the revised judicature act of 1961, 1961 PA 236, MCL 600. See Michigan Laws 324.82101Species: includes any subspecies of fish, plant life, or wildlife and any other group of fish, plants, or wildlife of the same species or smaller taxa in common spatial arrangement that interbreed or cross-pollinate when mature. See Michigan Laws 324.36501 Species diversity: means the richness and variety of native species. See Michigan Laws 324.35501 Staff judge advocate: means the commissioned officer responsible for supervising the administration of military justice within a command. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 State: means this state and its agencies, departments, commissions, courts, boards, councils, and statutorily created task forces. See Michigan Laws 15.671 state: when applied to the different parts of the United States, shall be construed to extend to and include the District of Columbia and the several territories belonging to the United States; and the words "United States" shall be construed to include the district and territories. See Michigan Laws 8.3o State agency: means an agency, board, bureau, commission, department, division, office, or subdivision thereof of this state or another state. See Michigan Laws 15.501 State agency: means a state department, board, commission, office, agency, institution, or other unit of state government. See Michigan Laws 18.1701 State geologist: means the chief of the office of oil, gas, and minerals, or a successor office, of the department of environmental quality. See Michigan Laws 324.60101 State income tax act: means the income tax act of 1967, 1967 PA 281, MCL 206. See Michigan Laws 324.36101 State judge advocate general: means the commissioned officer responsible for supervising the administration of the military justice in the state military forces. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 State land use agency: means the department of agriculture and rural development. See Michigan Laws 324.36101 State military forces: means the national guard of the state, as defined in 32 USC 101(3), and any other military force organized under the laws of the state. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 state officer: means only a person occupying one of the following offices established by the constitution: governor; lieutenant governor; secretary of state; state treasurer; attorney general; auditor general; superintendent of public instruction; member of the state board of education; regent of the university of Michigan; trustee of Michigan State University; governor of Wayne State University; member of a board of control of one of the other institutions of higher education named in section 4 of article 8 of the constitution or established by law as therein provided; president of each of the foregoing universities and institutions of higher learning; member of the state board for public community and junior colleges; member of the supreme court; member of the court of appeals; member of the state highway commission; director of the state highway commission; member of the liquor control commission; member of the board of state canvassers; member of the commission on legislative apportionment; member of the civil service commission; state personnel director; or member of the civil rights commission; together with his principal deputy who by law under specified circumstances, may exercise independently some or all of the sovereign powers of his principal whenever the deputy is actually exercising such powers. See Michigan Laws 15.303 State strategy: means the recommended state strategy prepared by the committee. See Michigan Laws 324.35501 State university: means a state university described in section 4, 5, or 6 of article VIII of the state constitution of 1963. See Michigan Laws 324.60101 Statute: A law passed by a legislature. Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights. Street: means city street or village street. See Michigan Laws 324.35701 Student: means an individual enrolled on a full- or part-time basis in a public or private educational institution, including, but not limited to, a secondary school, trade school, professional institution, or institution of higher education. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony. Substantially undeveloped: means any parcel or area of land essentially unimproved except for a dwelling, building, structure, road, or other improvement that is incidental to agricultural and open space uses. See Michigan Laws 324.36101 Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system. Support: means actual monetary payments made by a victim or intervenor to or for a person principally dependent on the victim or intervenor. See Michigan Laws 18.351 Support enforcement agency: means a public official or governmental entity or private agency authorized to do 1 or more of the following:
(i) Seek enforcement of support orders or laws relating to the duty of support. See Michigan Laws 552.2102Support order: means a judgment, decree, order, decision, or directive, whether temporary, final, or subject to modification, issued in a state or foreign country for the benefit of a child, a spouse, or a former spouse, that provides for monetary support, health care, arrearages, retroactive support, or reimbursement for financial assistance provided to an individual obligee in place of child support. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Supporting obligation: means a letter-of-credit right or secondary obligation that supports the payment or performance of an account, chattel paper, a document, a general intangible, an instrument, or investment property. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Sustained yield: means the achievement and maintenance in perpetuity of regular periodic output of the various renewable resources without impairment of the productivity of the land. See Michigan Laws 324.35501 Take: means , in reference to fish and wildlife, to harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, collect, or attempt to engage in any such conduct. See Michigan Laws 324.36501 Tangible chattel paper: means chattel paper evidenced by a record or records consisting of information that is inscribed on a tangible medium. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 Taxpayer: means all of the following:
(i) Any person subject to the taxes imposed by part 1. See Michigan Laws 206.721Temporary restraining order: Prohibits a person from an action that is likely to cause irreparable harm. This differs from an injunction in that it may be granted immediately, without notice to the opposing party, and without a hearing. It is intended to last only until a hearing can be held. Term: means a portion of an agreement that relates to a particular matter. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Termination statement: means an amendment of a financing statement that identifies, by its file number, the initial financing statement to which it relates and indicates either that it is a termination statement or that the identified financing statement is no longer effective. See Michigan Laws 440.9102 termination statement: as used in this act mean those terms as defined in the uniform commercial code, 1962 PA 174, MCL 440. See Michigan Laws 257.58b Testator: A male person who leaves a will at death. Testify: Answer questions in court. Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries. Third party: means a person who requests a geographical information system or output from a geographical information system under this act. See Michigan Laws 15.442 Threatened species: means any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range. See Michigan Laws 324.36501 Tiered partner: means any partner that is a partnership or other flow-through entity. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Top-tiered parent entity: means the highest level entity within the unitary business group that is required to file with a regulatory agency under the standards prescribed by the FFIEC. See Michigan Laws 206.651 Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident. Total equity capital: means that same amount reported by the financial institution or top-tiered parent entity, in the case of a unitary business group of financial institutions, and as reported for the tax year on any of the following forms or successor forms listed in this subdivision and designated by the FFIEC, that are filed with the office of the comptroller of the currency, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or the Federal Reserve System:
(i) The consolidated financial statement for holding companies, FR Y-9C. See Michigan Laws 206.651Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition. Transmitting utility: means a person primarily engaged in the business of 1 of the following:
(i) Operating a railroad, subway, street railway, or trolley bus. See Michigan Laws 440.9102Transportation property: means vehicles and vessels capable of moving under their own power, such as aircraft, trains, water vessels, and motor vehicles, as well as any equipment or containers attached to such property, such as rolling stock, barges, or trailers. See Michigan Laws 206.651 Treasurer: means the individual designated as responsible for a legal defense fund's record keeping, report preparation, or report filing or, in the absence of such an individual, the elected official who is the beneficiary of the legal defense fund. See Michigan Laws 15.523 Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence. Tribunal: means a court, administrative agency, or quasi-judicial entity authorized to establish, enforce, or modify support orders or to determine parentage of a child. See Michigan Laws 552.2102 Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. Source: OCC Trust fund: means the Michigan game and fish protection trust fund established in section 41 of article IX of the state constitution of 1963 and provided for in section 43702. See Michigan Laws 324.43701 Trust fund: means the Michigan nongame fish and wildlife trust fund established in section 42 of article IX of the state constitution of 1963 and provided for in section 43902. See Michigan Laws 324.43901 Trust fund: means the game and fish lifetime license trust fund created in section 44104. See Michigan Laws 324.44101 Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust. Underground storage tank system: means that term as it is defined in section 21303. See Michigan Laws 324.21503 Unethical conduct: means a violation of the standards in section 2. See Michigan Laws 15.341 Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. Source: OCC Unit: means a regularly organized body of the military that is not larger than a company or squadron. See Michigan Laws 32.1002 Unitary business group: means that term as defined in section 611. See Michigan Laws 206.721 United States: shall be construed to include the district and territories. See Michigan Laws 8.3o United States obligations: means all obligations of the United States exempt from taxation under 31 USC 3124(a) or exempt under the United States constitution or any federal statute, including the obligations of any instrumentality or agency of the United States that are exempt from state or local taxation under the United States constitution or any statute of the United States. See Michigan Laws 206.651 Unrelated business activity: means that term as defined in section 611. See Michigan Laws 206.721 Uphold: The decision of an appellate court not to reverse a lower court decision. Use: means a developmental, silvicultural, or recreational activity done or caused to be done by a person that significantly alters the physical characteristic of a critical dune area or a contour change done or caused to be done by a person. See Michigan Laws 324.35301 Variable Rate: Having a "variable" rate means that the APR changes from time to time based on fluctuations in an external rate, normally the Prime Rate. This external rate is known as the "index." If the index changes, the variable rate normally changes. Also see Fixed Rate. Vehicle: means that term as defined in section 79 of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257. See Michigan Laws 28.722 Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried. Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge. Veto: The procedure established under the Constitution by which the President/Governor refuses to approve a bill or joint resolution and thus prevents its enactment into law. A regular veto occurs when the President/Governor returns the legislation to the house in which it originated. The President/Governor usually returns a vetoed bill with a message indicating his reasons for rejecting the measure. In Congress, the veto can be overridden only by a two-thirds vote in both the Senate and the House. Victim: means a person who suffers a personal physical injury as a direct result of a crime. See Michigan Laws 18.351 Victim advocate: work with prosecutors and assist the victims of a crime. Victim services organization: means an organization or agency that has a documented history of providing services to address issues arising from victimization to victims or to family members or household members of victims. See Michigan Laws 18.351.amended Village street: means village major street or village local street as described in section 9 of Act No. See Michigan Laws 324.35701 Vital resource: means a public or private building, facility, property, or location that the governor considers necessary to protect the public health, safety, and welfare of the citizens of this state. See Michigan Laws 32.505 Volunteer agreement: means the contract entered into between the department and a Michigan cyber civilian corps volunteer or advisor under section 4. See Michigan Laws 18.222 Well maintained: means that any structure on the land complies with township building codes and current county and state sanitation codes and part 325 and that the land is adequately protected from erosion. See Michigan Laws 324.33924 Wild area: means a tract of undeveloped state land or water under control of the department and dedicated and regulated by the department pursuant to this part which:
(i) Is less than 3,000 acres of state land. See Michigan Laws 324.35101Wilderness area: means a tract of undeveloped state land or water under control of the department and dedicated and regulated by the department pursuant to this part which:
(i) Has 3,000 or more acres of state land or is an island of any size. See Michigan Laws 324.35101Wildlife and fisheries: includes any member of the wild animal kingdom, including any mammal, bird, fish, reptile, amphibian, or invertebrate found in this state at any point in its natural life cycle. See Michigan Laws 324.43504 Work invoice: means a list of goods or services for costs of corrective action related to a claim, including a statement of the amount due. See Michigan Laws 324.21503 Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act. writing: includes printing, typewriting, or any other intentional reduction to tangible form. See Michigan Laws 440.1201 Zoning ordinance: means an ordinance of a local unit of government that regulates the development of critical dune areas within the local unit of government pursuant to the requirements of this part. See Michigan Laws 324.35301