Michigan Laws > Chapter 37 > Act 453 of 1976


§ 37.2301	Definitions
§ 37.2301.amended	Definitions
§ 37.2302	Public accommodations or services; prohibited practices
§ 37.2302.amended	Public accommodations or services; prohibited practices
§ 37.2302a	Applicability to private club
§ 37.2302a.amended	Applicability to private club
§ 37.2303	Exemptions
§ 37.2304	Violation

Terms Used In Michigan Laws > Chapter 37 > Act 453 of 1976 > Article 3

Accessory: means any accessory, equipment, additional part or replacement part for a vehicle for which a certificate of title is required to be issued under this act. See Michigan Laws 257.1a
Account debtor: means a person obligated on an account, chattel paper, or general intangible. See Michigan Laws 440.9102
Administrative adjustment request: means an administrative adjustment request filed by a partnership under section 6227 of the internal revenue code. See Michigan Laws 206.721
Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
Age: means chronological age except as otherwise provided by law. See Michigan Laws 37.2103
Agency: means a department of this state or a local department or agency, including public departments or agencies in a county, city, village, or township that in the course of conducting its business has or maintains access to federal information databases. See Michigan Laws 15.652
Agency: means a governmental agency. See Michigan Laws 15.671
agreement: means a restrictive covenant, evidenced by an instrument in which the owner and the state, for a term of years, agree to jointly hold the right to undertake development of the land, and that contains a covenant running with the land, for a term of years, not to undertake development, subject to permitted uses. See Michigan Laws 324.36101
Agricultural conservation easement: means a conveyance, by a written instrument, in which, subject to permitted uses, the owner relinquishes to the public in perpetuity his or her development rights and makes a covenant running with the land not to undertake development. See Michigan Laws 324.36101
Agricultural conservation easement: means a conveyance, by a written instrument, in which, subject to permitted uses, the owner relinquishes to the public in perpetuity his or her development rights and makes a covenant running with the land not to undertake development. See Michigan Laws 324.36201
Agricultural lien: means an interest, other than a security interest, in farm products that meets all of the following requirements:

(i) The interest secures payment or performance of an obligation for 1 or more of the following:

(A) Goods or services furnished in connection with a debtor's farming operation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Agricultural use: means the production of plants and animals useful to humans, including forages and sod crops; grains, feed crops, and field crops; dairy and dairy products; poultry and poultry products; livestock, including breeding and grazing of cattle, swine, captive cervidae, and similar animals; berries; herbs; flowers; seeds; grasses; nursery stock; fruits; vegetables; maple syrup production; Christmas trees; and other similar uses and activities. See Michigan Laws 324.36101

Agricultural use: means substantially undeveloped land devoted to the production of plants and animals useful to humans, including forages and sod crops; grains, feed crops, and field crops; dairy and dairy products; poultry and poultry products; livestock, including breeding and grazing of cattle, swine, captive cervidae, and similar animals; berries; herbs; flowers; seeds; grasses; nursery stock; fruits; vegetables; Christmas trees; and other similar uses and activities. See Michigan Laws 324.36201

Allegation: something that someone says happened.

Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.

Amortization: Paying off a loan by regular installments.

Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year.

Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.

Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.

Appraisal: A determination of property value.

Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization

Arraignment: A proceeding in which an individual who is accused of committing a crime is brought into court, told of the charges, and asked to plead guilty or not guilty.

Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.

Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.

Attorney-in-fact: A person who, acting as an agent, is given written authorization by another person to transact business for him (her) out of court.

Audited partnership: means a partnership subject to a partnership level audit resulting in a federal adjustment. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Bank: means an organization that is engaged in the business of banking. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.

Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}

Bequest: Property gifted by will.

Billing address: means the location indicated in the books and records of the financial institution on the first day of the tax year or on a later date in the tax year when the customer relationship began as the address where any notice, statement, or bill relating to a customer's account is mailed. See Michigan Laws 206.651

Biological diversity: means the full range of variety and variability within and among living organisms and the natural associations in which they occur. See Michigan Laws 324.35501

Board: means board of county road commissioners. See Michigan Laws 324.35701

Board: means the agricultural preservation fund board created in section 36204. See Michigan Laws 324.36201

Board: means the state historical records advisory board. See Michigan Laws 24.401

Cash proceeds: means proceeds that are money, checks, deposit accounts, or the like. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Casino: means that term as defined in section 110. See Michigan Laws 206.701

Casino licensee: means a person licensed to operate a casino under the Michigan Gaming Control and Revenue Act, 1996 IL 1, MCL 432. See Michigan Laws 206.701

Caucus: From the Algonquian Indian language, a caucus meant "to meet together." An informal organization of members of the legislature that exists to discuss issues of mutual concern and possibly to perform legislative research and policy planning for its members. There are regional, political or ideological, ethnic, and economic-based caucuses.

Certificate of title: means a certificate of title with respect to which a statute provides for the security interest in question to be indicated on the certificate as a condition or result of the security interest's obtaining priority over the rights of a lien creditor with respect to the collateral. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Chattel paper: means a record or records that evidence both a monetary obligation and a security interest in specific goods, a security interest in specific goods and software used in the goods, a security interest in specific goods and license of software used in the goods, a lease of specific goods, or a lease of specific goods and license of software used in the goods. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

City street: means city major street or city local street as described in section 9 of Act No. See Michigan Laws 324.35701

Collateral: means the property subject to a security interest or agricultural lien. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Commercial domicile: means the headquarters of the trade or business, that is the place from which the trade or business is principally managed and directed, or if a financial institution is organized under the laws of a foreign country, of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or any territory or possession of the United States, such financial institution's commercial domicile shall be deemed for the purposes of this chapter to be the state of the United States or the District of Columbia from which such financial institution's trade or business in the United States is principally managed and directed. See Michigan Laws 206.651

Commercial tort claim: means a claim arising in tort with respect to which of the following applies:

(i) The claimant is an organization. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Commission: means the civil rights commission established by section 29 of article V of the state constitution of 1963. See Michigan Laws 37.2103

Commission: means the commission of agriculture and rural development. See Michigan Laws 324.36201

Commission: means the commission of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 324.301

Committee: means the joint legislative working committee on biological diversity created pursuant to section 35504. See Michigan Laws 324.35501

Commodity account: means an account maintained by a commodity intermediary in which a commodity contract is carried for a commodity customer. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Commodity contract: means a commodity futures contract, an option on a commodity futures contract, a commodity option, or another contract if the contract or option is 1 of the following:

(i) Traded on or subject to the rules of a board of trade that has been designated as a contract market for such a contract pursuant to federal commodities laws. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Commodity customer: means a person for which a commodity intermediary carries a commodity contract on its books. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Commodity intermediary: means 1 of the following:

(i) A person that is registered as a futures commission merchant under federal commodities law. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.

Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.

Concurrent resolution: A legislative measure, designated "S. Con. Res." and numbered consecutively upon introduction, generally employed to address the sentiments of both chambers, to deal with issues or matters affecting both houses, such as a concurrent budget resolution, or to create a temporary joint committee. Concurrent resolutions are not submitted to the President/Governor and thus do not have the force of law.

Consignee: means a merchant to which goods are delivered in a consignment. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Consignment: means a transaction, regardless of its form, in which a person delivers goods to a merchant for the purpose of sale and that meets all of the following:

(i) The merchant deals in goods of that kind under a name other than the name of the person making delivery, is not an auctioneer, and is not generally known by its creditors to be substantially engaged in selling the goods of others. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Consignor: means a person that delivers goods to a consignee in a consignment. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Consumer: means an individual who enters into a transaction primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Consumer goods: means goods that are used or bought for use primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Consumer transaction: means a transaction in which an individual incurs an obligation primarily for personal, family, or household purposes, a security interest secures the obligation, and the collateral is held or acquired primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Consumer-goods transaction: means a consumer transaction in which an individual incurs an obligation primarily for personal, family, or household purposes and a security interest in consumer goods secures the obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.

Continuation statement: means an amendment of a financing statement which identifies, by its file number, the initial financing statement to which it relates and indicates that it is a continuation statement for, or that it is filed to continue the effectiveness of, the identified financing statement. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Contour change: includes any grading, filling, digging, or excavating that significantly alters the physical characteristic of a critical dune area, except that which is involved in sand dune mining as defined in part 637. See Michigan Laws 324.35301

Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.

Contribution: means a payment, gift, subscription, assessment, expenditure, contract, payment for services, dues, advance, forbearance, loan, or donation of money or anything of ascertainable monetary value, or a transfer of anything of ascertainable monetary value to a person, made for or allocated to the purpose of defending an elected official in a criminal, civil, or administrative action that arises directly out of the conduct of the elected official's governmental duties. See Michigan Laws 15.523

Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.

Corporate partner: means a partner, other than a unitary business group, that is subject to tax under chapter 11, including a partner that has unrelated business activity. See Michigan Laws 206.721

corporation: means that term as defined in section 605. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.

County local road: means county local road as described in section 4 of Act No. See Michigan Laws 324.35701

Credit card: means a credit, travel, or entertainment card. See Michigan Laws 206.651

credit card holder is located in this state: means a borrower, other than a credit card holder, that is engaged in a trade or business which maintains its commercial domicile in this state, or a borrower that is not engaged in a trade or business or a credit card holder whose billing address is in this state. See Michigan Laws 206.651

Creditor: includes a general creditor, a secured creditor, a lien creditor, and any representative of creditors, including an assignee for the benefit of creditors, a trustee in bankruptcy, a receiver in equity, and an executor or administrator of an insolvent debtor's or assignor's estate. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Crest: means the line at which the first lakeward facing slope of a critical dune ridge breaks to a slope of less than 1-foot vertical rise in a 5-1/2-foot horizontal plane for a distance of at least 20 feet, if the areal extent where this break occurs is greater than 1/10 acre in size. See Michigan Laws 324.35301

Critical dune area: means a geographic area designated in the "atlas of critical dune areas" dated February 1989 that was prepared by the department of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 324.35301

Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.

Debtor: means 1 of the following:

(i) A person having an interest, other than a security interest or other lien, in the collateral, whether or not the person is an obligor. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.

Delivery: means either of the following:

(i) With respect to an electronic document of title, a voluntary transfer of control. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Department: means the department of civil rights or its employees. See Michigan Laws 37.2103

Department: means the department of environmental quality. See Michigan Laws 324.63201

Department: means the department of environmental quality. See Michigan Laws 324.35301

department: means the department of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 324.35801

department: means the department of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 324.35901

Department: means the department of agriculture and rural development. See Michigan Laws 324.36201

Department: means the director of the department of natural resources or his or her designee to whom the director delegates a power or duty by written instrument. See Michigan Laws 324.301

Department: means the department of history, arts, and libraries. See Michigan Laws 24.401

Department of natural resources: means the principal state department created in section 501. See Michigan Laws 324.301

Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.

Deposit account: means a demand, time, savings, passbook, or similar account maintained with a bank. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.

Designated state official: means :

(i) For an election affecting employees and officers in the judicial branch of state government, the state court administrator. See Michigan Laws 15.562

Development: means an activity that materially alters or affects the existing conditions or use of any land. See Michigan Laws 324.36101

Development: means an activity that materially alters or affects the existing conditions or use of any land in a manner that is inconsistent with an agricultural use. See Michigan Laws 324.36201

Development rights: means an interest in land that includes the right to construct a building or structure, to improve land for development, to divide a parcel for development, or to extract minerals incidental to a permitted use or as set forth in an instrument recorded under this part. See Michigan Laws 324.36101

Development rights: means an interest in land that includes the right to construct a building or structure, to improve land for development, or to divide a parcel for development purposes. See Michigan Laws 324.36201

Devise: To gift property by will.

Direct partner: means a partner that holds an interest directly in a partnership or other flow-through entity. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Director: means the director of the department of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 324.301

Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.

Document: means a document of title or a receipt of the type described in section 7201(2). See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Document of title: means a record that in the regular course of business or financing is treated as adequately evidencing that the person in possession or control of the record is entitled to receive, control, hold, and dispose of the record and the goods the record covers and that purports to be issued by or addressed to a bailee and to cover goods in the bailee's possession which are either identified or are fungible portions of an identified mass. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

easement: means a grant, by an instrument, in which the owner relinquishes to the public in perpetuity or for a term of years the right to undertake development of the land, and that contains a covenant running with the land, not to undertake development, subject to permitted uses. See Michigan Laws 324.36101

Ecosystem: means an assemblage of species, together with the species' physical environment, considered as a unit. See Michigan Laws 324.35501

Elected official: means an individual who holds an elective office in state or local government in this state. See Michigan Laws 15.523

Elective office: means a public office filled by an election. See Michigan Laws 15.523

Eligible production company: means that term as defined under section 455 of the Michigan business tax act, 2007 PA 36, MCL 208. See Michigan Laws 206.701

Employee: means a person who is employed by or is an employee of a federal agency, an institution of higher education, a local unit of government, or a state agency. See Michigan Laws 15.501

Employee: means an individual employed by this state, an individual working for a private business entity under contract with this state, an individual working for a private business entity under contract with a county, city, village, or township, or an individual who is employed by a county, city, village, or township. See Michigan Laws 15.652

Employee or agent: means any of the following:

(i) An individual who is employed by, or under contract with, an agency. See Michigan Laws 15.671

Endangered species: means any species of fish, plant life, or wildlife that is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant part of its range, other than a species of insecta determined by the department or the secretary of the United States department of the interior to constitute a pest whose protection under this part would present an overwhelming and overriding risk to humans. See Michigan Laws 324.36501

Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.

Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}

Escheat: Reversion of real or personal property to the state when 1) a person dies without leaving a will and has no heirs, or 2) when the property (such as a bank account) has been inactive for a certain period of time. ^{Source: OCC}

Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.

Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.

Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent

Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.

Farm products: means goods, other than standing timber, with respect to which the debtor is engaged in a farming operation and which are 1 of the following:

(i) Crops grown, growing, or to be grown, including crops produced on trees, vines, and bushes, and aquatic goods produced in aquacultural operations. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Farming operation: means raising, cultivating, propagating, fattening, grazing, or any other farming, livestock, or aquacultural operation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Farmland: means 1 or more of the following:

(i) A farm of 40 or more acres in 1 ownership, with 51% or more of the land area devoted to an agricultural use. See Michigan Laws 324.36101

Farmland: means 1 or more of the following:

(i) A farm of 40 or more acres in 1 ownership, with 51% or more of the land area devoted to an agricultural use. See Michigan Laws 324.36201

Federal adjustment: means a change to an item or amount determined under the internal revenue code that is used by a taxpayer to compute tax liability under this act whether that change results from action by the IRS, including a partnership level audit, or the filing of an amended federal return, federal refund claim, or an administrative adjustment request by the taxpayer. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Federal adjustments report: includes methods or forms required by the department for use by a taxpayer to report final federal adjustments, including an amended tax return or information return. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Federal agency: means an agency, board, bureau, commission, department, division, office, or subdivision thereof of the federal government. See Michigan Laws 15.501

Federal partnership representative: means the person the partnership designates for the reviewed year as the partnership's representative, or the person the IRS has appointed to act as the federal partnership representative, pursuant to section 6223 of the internal revenue code. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Federal Reserve System: The central bank of the United States. The Fed, as it is commonly called, regulates the U.S. monetary and financial system. The Federal Reserve System is composed of a central governmental agency in Washington, D.C. (the Board of Governors) and twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks in major cities throughout the United States. ^{Source: OCC}

Federal tax information: means any information created by the recipient that is derived from federal return or return information received from the Internal Revenue Service or obtained through a secondary source such as the Social Security Administration, Federal Office of Child Support Enforcement, Bureau of the Fiscal Service, or Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or another entity acting on behalf of the Internal Revenue Service pursuant to an agreement under section 6103 of the internal revenue code, 26 USC 6103. See Michigan Laws 15.652

FFIEC: means the federal financial institutions examination council established pursuant to section 1004 of the financial institutions regulatory and interest rate control act of 1978, Public Law 95-630, 12 USC 3303. See Michigan Laws 206.651

Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.

File number: means the number assigned to an initial financing statement pursuant to section 9519(1). See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Filing office: means an office designated in section 9501 as the place to file a financing statement. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Filing-office rule: means a rule adopted pursuant to section 9526. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Final determination date: means that term as defined in section 325. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Financial institution: means any of the following:

(i) A bank holding company, a national bank, a state chartered bank, a state chartered savings bank, a federally chartered savings association, or a federally chartered farm credit system institution. See Michigan Laws 206.651

Financial institution: means a state or nationally chartered bank or a state or federally chartered savings and loan association, savings bank, or credit union whose deposits are insured by an agency of the United States government and that maintains a principal office or branch office located in this state under the laws of this state or the United States. See Michigan Laws 15.523

Financing statement: means a record or records composed of an initial financing statement and any filed record relating to the initial financing statement. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.

Fish or wildlife: means any member of the animal kingdom, including any mammal, fish, amphibian, mollusk, crustacean, arthropod, or other invertebrate, and includes any part, product, egg, or offspring, or the dead body or parts thereof. See Michigan Laws 324.36501

Fixtures: means goods that have become so related to particular real property that an interest in them arises under real property law. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Flexible spending account: means a medical expense flexible spending account in conjunction with a cafeteria plan as permitted under the federal internal revenue code of 1986. See Michigan Laws 15.562

Flow-through entity: means an entity that for the applicable tax year is treated as an S corporation under section 1362(a) of the internal revenue code, a general partnership, a limited partnership, a limited liability partnership, or a limited liability company, that for the applicable tax year is not taxed as a corporation for federal income tax purposes. See Michigan Laws 206.701

Forbearance: A means of handling a delinquent loan. A

Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}

Foredune: means 1 or more low linear dune ridges that are parallel and adjacent to the shoreline of a Great Lake and are rarely greater than 20 feet in height. See Michigan Laws 324.35301

Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. ^{Source: OCC}

Fund: means the nonferrous metallic mineral surveillance fund created in section 63217. See Michigan Laws 324.63201

Fund: means the agricultural preservation fund created in section 36202. See Michigan Laws 324.36101

Fund: means the agricultural preservation fund created in section 36202. See Michigan Laws 324.36201

Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor

Gender identity or expression: means having or being perceived as having a gender-related self-identity or expression whether or not associated with an individual's assigned sex at birth. See Michigan Laws 37.2103.amended

General intangible: means any personal property, including things in action, other than accounts, chattel paper, commercial tort claims, deposit accounts, documents, goods, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, letters of credit, money, and oil, gas, or other minerals before extraction. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Genetic diversity: means the differences in genetic composition within and among populations of a given species. See Michigan Laws 324.35501

Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.

Goods: means all things that are movable when a security interest attaches. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Governmental unit: means a subdivision, agency, department, county, parish, municipality, or other unit of the government of the United States, a state, or a foreign country. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Grant: means a grant for the purchase of an agriculture conservation easement under this part. See Michigan Laws 324.36201

Gross business: means the sum of the following less transactions between those entities included in a unitary business group:

(i) Fees, commissions, or other compensation for financial services. See Michigan Laws 206.651

Guarantor: A party who agrees to be responsible for the payment of another party's debts should that party default. ^{Source: OCC}

Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.

Habitat: means the area or type of environment in which an organism or biological population normally lives or occurs. See Michigan Laws 324.35501

Health-care-insurance receivable: means an interest in or claim under a policy of insurance which is a right to payment of a monetary obligation for health-care goods or services provided. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

in writing: shall be construed to include printing, engraving, and lithographing; except that if the written signature of a person is required by law, the signature shall be the proper handwriting of the person or, if the person is unable to write, the person's proper mark, which may be, unless otherwise expressly prohibited by law, a clear and classifiable fingerprint of the person made with ink or another substance. See Michigan Laws 8.3q

Indirect partner: means a partner in a partnership or other flow-through entity that itself holds an interest directly, or through another indirect partner, in a partnership or other flow-through entity. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.

Institution of higher education: means a public or private institution of a state which offers a degree or course of study beyond the twelfth grade. See Michigan Laws 15.501

Instrument: means a negotiable instrument or any other writing that evidences a right to the payment of a monetary obligation, is not itself a security agreement or lease, and is of a type that in ordinary course of business is transferred by delivery with any necessary indorsement or assignment. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Intangible property: Property that has no intrinsic value, but is merely the evidence of value such as stock certificates, bonds, and promissory notes.

Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. ^{Source: OCC}

Intestate: Dying without leaving a will.

Inventory: means goods, other than farm products, that meet 1 of the following:

(i) Are leased by a person as lessor. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Investment property: means a security, whether certificated or uncertificated, security entitlement, securities account, commodity contract, or commodity account. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

IRS: means the Internal Revenue Service of the United States Department of the Treasury. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Joint committee: Committees including membership from both houses of teh legislature. Joint committees are usually established with narrow jurisdictions and normally lack authority to report legislation.

Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.

Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}

Legal defense fund: means all contributions received, held, or expended for the legal defense of an elected official. See Michigan Laws 15.523

Legislative session: That part of a chamber's daily session in which it considers legislative business (bills, resolutions, and actions related thereto).

Letter-of-credit right: means a right to payment or performance under a letter of credit, whether or not the beneficiary has demanded or is at the time entitled to demand payment or performance. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.

License: includes the whole or part of an agency permit, certificate, approval, registration, charter, or similar form of permission required by law. See Michigan Laws 24.205

Licensing: includes agency activity involving the grant, denial, renewal, suspension, revocation, annulment, withdrawal, recall, cancellation, or amendment of a license. See Michigan Laws 24.205

Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.

Lien creditor: means 1 or more of the following:

(i) A creditor that has acquired a lien on the property involved by attachment, levy, or the like. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Life estate: A property interest limited in duration to the life of the individual holding the interest (life tenant).

Lineal descendant: Direct descendant of the same ancestors.

Loan: means any extension of credit resulting from direct negotiations between the financial institution and its customer, or the purchase, in whole or in part, of such extension of credit from another. See Michigan Laws 206.651

Loan secured by real property: means that 50% or more of the aggregate value of the collateral used to secure a loan or other obligation, when valued at fair market value as of the time the original loan or obligation was incurred, was real property. See Michigan Laws 206.651

Local governing body: means 1 of the following:

(i) With respect to farmland or open space land that is located in a city or village, the legislative body of the city or village. See Michigan Laws 324.36101

local unit: means a municipality or county. See Michigan Laws 324.301

Local unit of government: means a city, county, township, village, school district, intermediate school district, or subdivision thereof of this state or any other state. See Michigan Laws 15.501

Local unit of government: means a city, village, township, or county, a municipal electric utility system as defined in section 4 of the Michigan energy employment act of 1976, 1976 PA 448, MCL 460. See Michigan Laws 15.562

Majority leader: see Floor Leaders

Manufactured home: means a structure, transportable in 1 or more sections, which, in the traveling mode, is 8 body feet or more in width or 40 body feet or more in length, or when erected on site, is 320 or more square feet, and which is built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling with or without a permanent foundation when connected to the required utilities, and includes the plumbing, heating, air-conditioning, and electrical systems contained therein. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Manufactured-home transaction: means a secured transaction that creates a purchase-money security interest in a manufactured home, other than a manufactured home held as inventory, or in which a manufactured home, other than a manufactured home held as inventory, is the primary collateral. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Medical benefit plan: means a plan established and maintained by a carrier, a voluntary employees' beneficiary association described in section 501(c)(9) of the internal revenue code of 1986, 26 USC 501, or by 1 or more public employers, that provides for the payment of medical benefits, including, but not limited to, hospital and physician services, prescription drugs, and related benefits, for public employees or elected public officials. See Michigan Laws 15.562

Medical benefit plan coverage year: means the 12-month period after the effective date of the contractual or self-insured medical coverage plan that a public employer provides to its employees or public officials. See Michigan Laws 15.562

Medical benefits: means medical, optical, or dental benefits, including, but not limited to, hospital and physician services, prescription drugs, and related benefits. See Michigan Laws 15.582

Member: means a shareholder of an S corporation, a partner in a general partnership, a limited partnership, or a limited liability partnership, a member of a limited liability company, or a beneficiary of a trust, that is a flow-through entity. See Michigan Laws 206.701

Metallic product: means a commercially salable mineral produced primarily for its nonferrous metallic mineral content in its final marketable form or state. See Michigan Laws 324.63201

Michigan obligations: means a bond, note, or other obligation issued by a governmental unit described in section 3 of the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 206.651

Michigan register: means the publication described in section 8. See Michigan Laws 24.205

Mineral: means that term as defined in section 2 of the nonferrous metallic minerals extraction severance tax act. See Michigan Laws 206.31b

Mining area: means an area of land from which earth material is removed in connection with nonferrous metallic mineral mining, the lands on which material from that mining is stored or deposited, the lands on which beneficiating or treatment plants and auxiliary facilities are located, the lands on which the water reservoirs used in the nonferrous metallic mineral mining process are located, and auxiliary lands that are used in connection with the mining. See Michigan Laws 324.63201

Mining permit: means a permit issued under this part for conducting nonferrous metallic mineral mining and reclamation operations. See Michigan Laws 324.63201

Model zoning plan: means the model zoning plan provided for in section 35304 to 35309 and 35311a to 35324. See Michigan Laws 324.35301

monetary obligation: means a monetary obligation secured by the goods or owed under a lease of the goods and includes a monetary obligation with respect to software used in the goods. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Money: means a medium of exchange authorized or adopted by a domestic or foreign government. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

month: means a calendar month; the word "year" a calendar year; and the word "year" alone shall be equivalent to the words "year of our Lord". See Michigan Laws 8.3j

Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.

Mortgagor: The person who pledges property to a creditor as collateral for a loan and who receives the money.

Municipality: means a city, village, or township. See Michigan Laws 324.301

National Bank: A bank that is subject to the supervision of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency is a bureau of the U.S. Treasury Department. A national bank can be recognized because it must have "national" or "national association" in its name. ^{Source: OCC}

National origin: includes the national origin of an ancestor. See Michigan Laws 37.2103

Native vegetation: means original or indigenous plants of this state including trees, shrubs, vines, wild flowers, aquatic plants, or ground cover. See Michigan Laws 324.35701

Natural: means in a state provided by nature, without human-made changes, wild, or uncultivated. See Michigan Laws 324.35701

Natural area: means a tract of state land or water under control of the department and dedicated and regulated by the department pursuant to this part which:

(i) Has retained or reestablished its natural character, or has unusual flora and fauna or biotic, geologic, scenic, or other similar features of educational or scientific value, but it need not be undisturbed. See Michigan Laws 324.35101

New debtor: means a person that becomes bound as debtor under section 9203(4) by a security agreement previously entered into by another person. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

New value: means money, money's worth in property, services, or new credit, or release by a transferee of an interest in property previously transferred to the transferee. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Noncash proceeds: means proceeds other than cash proceeds. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Nonresident: means an individual who is not a resident of or domiciled in this state, a business entity that does not have its commercial domicile in this state, or a trust not organized in this state. See Michigan Laws 206.701

Nonresident partner: means an individual, estate, or trust partner that is not a resident partner. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Notice: means a written or electronic record that informs a person of past or future action of the person generating the record. See Michigan Laws 24.205

Notice of objection: means the record adopted by the committee that indicates the committee's formal objection to a proposed rule. See Michigan Laws 24.205

Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.

Obligor: means a person that, with respect to an obligation secured by a security interest in or an agricultural lien on the collateral, owes payment or other performance of the obligation, has provided property other than the collateral to secure payment or other performance of the obligation, or is otherwise accountable in whole or in part for payment or other performance of the obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Office: means , unless expressly stated otherwise, the office of performance and transformation. See Michigan Laws 24.205

Open space land: means 1 of the following:

(i) Lands defined as 1 or more of the following:

(A) Any undeveloped site included in a national registry of historic places or designated as a historic site pursuant to state or federal law. See Michigan Laws 324.36101

operator: means a permittee or other person who is engaged in, or who is preparing to engage in, mining operations for nonferrous metallic minerals, whether individually or jointly, or through agents, employees, or contractors. See Michigan Laws 324.63201

Opioid antagonist: means naloxone hydrochloride or any other similarly acting and equally safe drug approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of drug overdose. See Michigan Laws 15.671

Opioid-related overdose: means a condition, including, but not limited to, extreme physical illness, decreased level of consciousness, respiratory depression, coma, or death, that results from the consumption or use of an opioid or another substance with which an opioid was combined or that a reasonable person would believe to be an opioid-related overdose that requires medical assistance. See Michigan Laws 15.671

Oral argument: An opportunity for lawyers to summarize their position before the court and also to answer the judges' questions.

Organization: means a person other than an individual. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Original debtor: means , except as used in section 9310(3), a person that, as debtor, entered into a security agreement to which a new debtor has become bound under section 9203(4). See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Owner: means a person having a freehold estate in land coupled with possession and enjoyment. See Michigan Laws 324.36101

Owner: means a person having a freehold estate in land coupled with possession and enjoyment. See Michigan Laws 324.36201

Participation: means an extension of credit in which an undivided ownership interest is held on a pro rata basis in a single loan or pool of loans and related collateral. See Michigan Laws 206.651

Partner: means a person that holds an interest directly or indirectly in a partnership or other flow-through entity. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Partnership: means a taxpayer that is required to or has elected to file as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. See Michigan Laws 206.701

Partnership: means an entity subject to taxation under subchapter K of the internal revenue code. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.

Partnership level audit: means an examination by the IRS at the partnership level pursuant to section 6221 to 6241 of the internal revenue code, which results in federal adjustments. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Party: means a person or agency named, admitted, or properly seeking and entitled of right to be admitted, as a party in a contested case. See Michigan Laws 24.205

Payment intangible: means a general intangible under which the account debtor's principal obligation is a monetary obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Permit: means a permit for a use within a critical dune area under this part. See Michigan Laws 324.35301

Permitted use: means any use expressly authorized within a development rights agreement, development rights easement, or agriculture conservation easement that is consistent with the farming operation or that does not alter the open space character of the land. See Michigan Laws 324.36101

Permitted use: means any use expressly authorized within an agriculture conservation easement consistent with the farming operation or that does not adversely affect the productivity of the farmland. See Michigan Laws 324.36201

Permittee: means a person who holds a mining permit. See Michigan Laws 324.63201

Person: means an individual, agent, association, corporation, joint apprenticeship committee, joint stock company, labor organization, legal representative, mutual company, partnership, receiver, trust, trustee in bankruptcy, unincorporated organization, the state or a political subdivision of the state or an agency of the state, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Michigan Laws 37.2103

Person: means any natural person, corporation, association, partnership, receiver, trustee, judiciary or common law trust, guardian, executor, administrator, or fiduciary of any kind. See Michigan Laws 324.63301

Person: means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, government, governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality, public corporation, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Person: means a business, individual, proprietorship, firm, partnership, joint venture, syndicate, business trust, labor organization, company, corporation, association, committee, or any other organization or group of persons acting jointly. See Michigan Laws 15.523

Person: includes an individual, corporation, limited liability company, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, or association, or 2 or more persons having a joint or common interest in land. See Michigan Laws 324.36101

Person: means an individual, partnership, association, corporation, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, governmental subdivision, or public or private organization of any kind other than the agency engaged in the particular processing of a rule, declaratory ruling, or contested case. See Michigan Laws 24.205

person: may extend and be applied to bodies politic and corporate, as well as to individuals. See Michigan Laws 8.3l

Person: means an individual, partnership, corporation, association, governmental entity, or other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 324.301

Personal property: All property that is not real property.

Place of public accommodation: means a business, or an educational, refreshment, entertainment, recreation, health, or transportation facility, or institution of any kind, whether licensed or not, whose goods, services, facilities, privileges, advantages, or accommodations are extended, offered, sold, or otherwise made available to the public. See Michigan Laws 37.2301

Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.

Planning commission: means the body or entity within a local government that is responsible for zoning and land use planning for the local unit of government. See Michigan Laws 324.35301

Planning commission: means a planning commission created under the Michigan planning enabling act, 2008 PA 33, MCL 125. See Michigan Laws 324.36101

Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.

Political subdivision: means a county, city, village, township, school district, or special district or authority of the state. See Michigan Laws 37.2103

Political subdivision: means a municipal corporation, county, county road commission, school district, community college district, public library, port district, metropolitan district, or transportation authority or a combination of 2 or more of these when acting jointly; a district or authority authorized by law or formed by 1 or more political subdivisions; or an agency, department, court, board, or council of a political subdivision. See Michigan Laws 15.671

Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents.

Probate: Proving a will

Proceeds: means , except as used in section 9609(2), 1 or more of the following property:

(i) Whatever is acquired upon the sale, lease, license, exchange, or other disposition of collateral. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Processing of a rule: means the action required or authorized by this act regarding a rule that is to be promulgated, including the rule's adoption, and ending with the rule's promulgation. See Michigan Laws 24.205

Prohibited use: means a use that is not consistent with an agricultural use for farmland subject to a development rights agreement or is not consistent with the open space character of the land for lands subject to a development rights easement. See Michigan Laws 324.36101

Promissory note: means an instrument that evidences a promise to pay a monetary obligation, does not evidence an order to pay, and does not contain an acknowledgment by a bank that the bank has received for deposit a sum of money or funds. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Property taxes: means general ad valorem taxes levied after January 1, 1974, on lands and structures in this state, including collection fees, but not including special assessments, penalties, or interest. See Michigan Laws 324.36101

Proposal: means a record authenticated by a secured party which includes the terms on which the secured party is willing to accept collateral in full or partial satisfaction of the obligation it secures pursuant to sections 9620, 9621, and 9622. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Public employee: means a person holding a position by appointment or employment in the government of this state; in the government of 1 or more of the political subdivisions of this state; in the public school service; in a public or special district; in the service of an authority, commission, or board of this state or a political subdivision of this state; or in any other branch of the public service. See Michigan Laws 15.582

Public employer: means this state; a local unit of government or other political subdivision of this state; any intergovernmental, metropolitan, or local department, agency, or authority, or other local political subdivision; a school district, a public school academy, or an intermediate school district, as those terms are defined in section 4 to 6 of the revised school code, 1976 PA 451, MCL 380. See Michigan Laws 15.562

Public employer: means a county, township, village, city, authority, school district, or other political subdivision of this state and includes any entity jointly created by 2 or more public employers. See Michigan Laws 15.601

Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.

Public organic record: means a record that is available to the public for inspection and is any of the following:

(i) A record consisting of the record initially filed with or issued by a state or the United States to form or organize an organization and any record filed with or issued by the state or the United States which amends or restates the initial record. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Public service: means a public facility, department, agency, board, or commission, owned, operated, or managed by or on behalf of the state, a political subdivision, or an agency thereof or a tax exempt private agency established to provide service to the public, except that public service does not include a state or county correctional facility with respect to actions and decisions regarding an individual serving a sentence of imprisonment. See Michigan Laws 37.2301

Publicly traded partnership: means that term as defined under section 7704 of the internal revenue code. See Michigan Laws 206.701

Qualified taxpayer: means a taxpayer subject to the minerals severance tax levied under the nonferrous metallic minerals extraction severance tax act. See Michigan Laws 206.31b

Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.

Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.

Receiving agency: means a federal agency, institution of higher education, local unit of government, or a state agency which receives an employee from a sending agency pursuant to this act. See Michigan Laws 15.501

Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Record: means information that is inscribed on a paper or electronic medium. See Michigan Laws 24.205

record owner: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or which is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. ^{Source: FDIC}

Registered organization: means an organization organized solely under the law of a single state or the United States by the filing of a public organic record with, the issuance of a public organic record by, or the enactment of legislation by the state or the United States. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Regular place of business: means an office at which the financial institution carries on its business in a regular and systematic manner and which is continuously maintained, occupied, and used by employees of the financial institution. See Michigan Laws 206.651

Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.

Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings.

Reporting department: means a state department or agency that is required by the committee under this part to file 1 or more reports. See Michigan Laws 324.35501

Representative: means a person empowered to act for another, including an agent, an officer of a corporation or association, and a trustee, executor, or administrator of an estate. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.

Resident: means that term as defined in section 18. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Resident partner: means an individual, estate, or trust that is a resident for the relevant tax year. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Restabilization: means restoration of the natural contours of a critical dune to the extent practicable, the restoration of the protective vegetative cover of a critical dune through the establishment of indigenous vegetation, and the placement of snow fencing or other temporary sand trapping measures for the purpose of preventing erosion, drifting, and slumping of sand. See Michigan Laws 324.35301

Return: means any tax or information return, estimated tax declaration, or refund claim, and includes amendments, supplements, supporting schedules, attachments, or lists required by or permitted under the internal revenue code and filed with the Internal Revenue Service by, on behalf of, or with respect to any person or entity. See Michigan Laws 15.652

Return information: means any information collected or generated by the Internal Revenue Service with regard to any person's liability or possible liability under the internal revenue code. See Michigan Laws 15.652

Reviewed year: means the tax year of a partnership that is subject to a partnership level audit from which a federal adjustment arises. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Right: includes remedy. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Rolling stock: means railroad freight or passenger cars, locomotives, or other rail cars. See Michigan Laws 206.651

Royalty interest: means that share of the product or profit that the owner of the land or mineral rights in the land reserves or is entitled to, whether under a lease or under this part, in consideration of permitting the development of the mineral rights. See Michigan Laws 324.63301

Rule: means a rule promulgated pursuant to the administrative procedures act of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24. See Michigan Laws 324.301

S corporation: means a corporation electing taxation under subchapter S of chapter 1 of subtitle A of the internal revenue code, section 1361 to 1379 of the internal revenue code. See Michigan Laws 206.701

School district: means a school district, local act school district, or intermediate school district as those terms are defined in the revised school code, 1976 PA 451, MCL 380. See Michigan Laws 15.601

seal: shall be construed to include any of the following:

(a) The impression of the seal on the paper alone. See Michigan Laws 8.3n

Secondary obligor: means an obligor to the extent that the obligor's obligation is secondary or the obligor has a right of recourse with respect to an obligation secured by collateral against the debtor, another obligor, or property of either. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Secured party: means 1 or more of the following:

(i) A person in whose favor a security interest is created or provided for under a security agreement, whether or not any obligation to be secured is outstanding. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Security agreement: means an agreement that creates or provides for a security interest. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Security interest: means an interest in personal property or fixtures which secures payment or performance of an obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Sending agency: means a federal agency, institution of higher education, local unit of government, or a state agency which sends an employee to a receiving agency pursuant to this act. See Michigan Laws 15.501

Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.

Sexual orientation: means having an orientation for heterosexuality, homosexuality, or bisexuality or having a history of such an orientation or being identified with such an orientation. See Michigan Laws 37.2103.amended

Shall: is a lways mandatory and "may" is always discretionary. See Michigan Laws 206.2

shall not apply: means that the pertinent provision is not operative as to certain persons or things or in conjunction with a particular date or dates. See Michigan Laws 8.4c

Software: means a computer program and any supporting information provided in connection with a transaction relating to the program. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Special use project: means any of the following:

(i) A proposed use in a critical dune area for an industrial or commercial purpose regardless of the size of the site. See Michigan Laws 324.35301

Species: includes any subspecies of fish, plant life, or wildlife and any other group of fish, plants, or wildlife of the same species or smaller taxa in common spatial arrangement that interbreed or cross-pollinate when mature. See Michigan Laws 324.36501

Species diversity: means the richness and variety of native species. See Michigan Laws 324.35501

State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

State: means this state and its agencies, departments, commissions, courts, boards, councils, and statutorily created task forces. See Michigan Laws 15.671

state: when applied to the different parts of the United States, shall be construed to extend to and include the District of Columbia and the several territories belonging to the United States; and the words "United States" shall be construed to include the district and territories. See Michigan Laws 8.3o

State agency: means an agency, board, bureau, commission, department, division, office, or subdivision thereof of this state or another state. See Michigan Laws 15.501

State income tax act: means the income tax act of 1967, 1967 PA 281, MCL 206. See Michigan Laws 324.36101

State land use agency: means the department of agriculture and rural development. See Michigan Laws 324.36101

State strategy: means the recommended state strategy prepared by the committee. See Michigan Laws 324.35501

Statute: A law passed by a legislature.

Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.

Street: means city street or village street. See Michigan Laws 324.35701

Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.

Substantially undeveloped: means any parcel or area of land essentially unimproved except for a dwelling, building, structure, road, or other improvement that is incidental to agricultural and open space uses. See Michigan Laws 324.36101

Supporting obligation: means a letter-of-credit right or secondary obligation that supports the payment or performance of an account, chattel paper, a document, a general intangible, an instrument, or investment property. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Sustained yield: means the achievement and maintenance in perpetuity of regular periodic output of the various renewable resources without impairment of the productivity of the land. See Michigan Laws 324.35501

Tangible chattel paper: means chattel paper evidenced by a record or records consisting of information that is inscribed on a tangible medium. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Taxpayer: means all of the following:

(i) Any person subject to the taxes imposed by part 1. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Term: means a portion of an agreement that relates to a particular matter. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Termination statement: means an amendment of a financing statement that identifies, by its file number, the initial financing statement to which it relates and indicates either that it is a termination statement or that the identified financing statement is no longer effective. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Testify: Answer questions in court.

Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.

Threatened species: means any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range. See Michigan Laws 324.36501

Tiered partner: means any partner that is a partnership or other flow-through entity. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Top-tiered parent entity: means the highest level entity within the unitary business group that is required to file with a regulatory agency under the standards prescribed by the FFIEC. See Michigan Laws 206.651

Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.

Total equity capital: means that same amount reported by the financial institution or top-tiered parent entity, in the case of a unitary business group of financial institutions, and as reported for the tax year on any of the following forms or successor forms listed in this subdivision and designated by the FFIEC, that are filed with the office of the comptroller of the currency, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or the Federal Reserve System:

(i) The consolidated financial statement for holding companies, FR Y-9C. See Michigan Laws 206.651

Transmitting utility: means a person primarily engaged in the business of 1 of the following:

(i) Operating a railroad, subway, street railway, or trolley bus. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Transportation property: means vehicles and vessels capable of moving under their own power, such as aircraft, trains, water vessels, and motor vehicles, as well as any equipment or containers attached to such property, such as rolling stock, barges, or trailers. See Michigan Laws 206.651

Treasurer: means the individual designated as responsible for a legal defense fund's record keeping, report preparation, or report filing or, in the absence of such an individual, the elected official who is the beneficiary of the legal defense fund. See Michigan Laws 15.523

Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.

Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. ^{Source: OCC}

Unitary business group: means that term as defined in section 611. See Michigan Laws 206.721

United States: shall be construed to include the district and territories. See Michigan Laws 8.3o

United States obligations: means all obligations of the United States exempt from taxation under 31 USC 3124(a) or exempt under the United States constitution or any federal statute, including the obligations of any instrumentality or agency of the United States that are exempt from state or local taxation under the United States constitution or any statute of the United States. See Michigan Laws 206.651

Unrelated business activity: means that term as defined in section 611. See Michigan Laws 206.721

Uphold: The decision of an appellate court not to reverse a lower court decision.

Use: means a developmental, silvicultural, or recreational activity done or caused to be done by a person that significantly alters the physical characteristic of a critical dune area or a contour change done or caused to be done by a person. See Michigan Laws 324.35301

Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.

Village street: means village major street or village local street as described in section 9 of Act No. See Michigan Laws 324.35701

Wild area: means a tract of undeveloped state land or water under control of the department and dedicated and regulated by the department pursuant to this part which:

(i) Is less than 3,000 acres of state land. See Michigan Laws 324.35101

Wilderness area: means a tract of undeveloped state land or water under control of the department and dedicated and regulated by the department pursuant to this part which:

(i) Has 3,000 or more acres of state land or is an island of any size. See Michigan Laws 324.35101

writing: includes printing, typewriting, or any other intentional reduction to tangible form. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Zoning ordinance: means an ordinance of a local unit of government that regulates the development of critical dune areas within the local unit of government pursuant to the requirements of this part. See Michigan Laws 324.35301