§ 42.1 Short title; charter townships; incorporation; powers, privileges, immunities and liabilities; petition; special census; expenses
§ 42.1a Emergency financial manager; authority and responsibilities
§ 42.1b Minimum staffing requirement; adoption of ordinance prohibited
§ 42.2 Incorporation; referendum; ballot, form and content; filing of petition or resolution by township clerk; finality of proceedings; term of incumbent officers; disincorporation
§ 42.2a Violation of MCL 168.1 to 168.992 applicable to petitions; penalties
§ 42.3 Incorporation; submission of proposition to electors, time; petitions, verification of signatures
§ 42.3a Notice to clerk of township not incorporated as charter township; resolution of township board; notice of right to referendum; petition; signatures; submitting question of incorporation at genera
§ 42.4 Nomination of candidates for township office; conducting primary election; duties of township clerk; duties and composition of board of township election commissioners
§ 42.5 Township board; election of members; powers and duties; supervisor as presiding and executive officer; authentication of instruments; president pro tem; clerk; record of proceedings; temporary cl
§ 42.6 Charter township board; compensation and expenses of members
§ 42.6a Ordinance establishing procedure for determining salary of elected official; contents; conducting business at public meeting; public notice; resolution implementing ordinance; petition for refere
§ 42.7 Township board; meetings; conducting business at public meeting; notice of meeting; transacting business at special meeting; quorum; adjournment; rules and order of business; journal; voting; ava
§ 42.8 Charter township board; monthly publication of proceedings; notices and ordinances; posting
§ 42.9 Township officers; powers and duties; additional officers, limitations
§ 42.10 Township superintendent; appointment; delegation of powers and duties of township supervisor
§ 42.10a Township manager; employment; service; duties
§ 42.11 Township superintendent; tenure; qualifications; residency requirements; waiver
§ 42.11a Township assessors; appointment, powers and duties, compensation
§ 42.12 Township police force; establishment; township marshal, appointment; rules; policemen, powers and duties
§ 42.13 Township fire department; establishment; township fire chief, appointment; rules and regulations; refusal to aid at fire, penalty
§ 42.13a Free public library; establishment or reestablishment and maintenance; conditions; ordinance; resolution; board of directors; appointment of library advisory committee; rules and regulations; sta
§ 42.14 Charter township; power to acquire property; approval of electors
§ 42.14a Bonds for public improvements; issuance; approval required; exceptions; limitation on net indebtedness; computation of net indebtedness; bonds subject to MCL 141.2101 to 141.2821; computation of
§ 42.15 Ordinances to provide for peace, health, and safety; licenses, granting, fees, bonds
§ 42.16 Streets, alleys, bridges and public places; regulation of use; record of ordinances, filing
§ 42.17 Construction of buildings; powers and liabilities of charter townships as to public health and safety
§ 42.18 Joint action with other governmental unit or agency
§ 42.19 Ordinances, resolutions, rules and regulations of former township; continuation
§ 42.20 Legislation to be ordinance or resolution; form, passage, amendment, recording, authentication, and compilation of ordinances
§ 42.21 Violation of ordinances; sanction; designation as civil infraction; act or omission constituting crime; penalty; distribution of fines
§ 42.21a Police officers; right to pursue, arrest, and detain person outside of charter township limits
§ 42.21b Police officer or constable; authority to execute bench warrant
§ 42.21c Regulation of recreational trailway; posting of ordinance; violation as municipal civil infraction; penalty
§ 42.22 Ordinance; publication; effective date; publication of summary or true copy; catch lines required; drafting of summary
§ 42.23 State law or standard code; adoption as township ordinance by citation; publication, distribution, charge
§ 42.24 Submission of itemized estimates of anticipated expenditures; preparation and submission of budget proposal; time
§ 42.25 Budget proposal; contents; commencement of fiscal year
§ 42.26 Budget; notice, public hearing, prior public inspection
§ 42.27 Adoption of budget by township board; resolution; appropriation; tax levy; limitation; separate appropriation for fire and police departments; tax collection; interim budget
§ 42.28 Budget or supplemental appropriations; expenditure, restrictions; unencumbered balances, transfer, reappropriation
§ 42.29 Quarterly statement of estimated and actual income and expenses; submission by supervisor to township board; reduction of appropriations, exceptions
§ 42.30 Annual audit of accounts; results, filing, public inspection; annual report of township business
§ 42.31 Local or public improvements; approval; determination of necessity; special assessments; bonds
§ 42.32 Succession to properties of former township; suits or prosecutions, debts and liabilities, uncollected taxes and assessments
§ 42.33 Liberal construction of act
§ 42.34 Exemption of charter township from annexation to contiguous city or village; exceptions
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Terms Used In Michigan Laws > Chapter 42 > Act 359 of 1947 - The Charter Township Act

  • Adjourn: A motion to adjourn a legislative chamber or a committee, if passed, ends that day's session.
  • Aeronaut: includes aviator, pilot, balloonist, and every other person having any part in the operation of aircraft while in flight. See Michigan Laws 750.43
  • Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
  • Agreement: means the bargain of the parties in fact, as found in their language or inferred from other circumstances and from rules, regulations, and procedures given the effect of agreements under laws otherwise applicable to a particular transaction. See Michigan Laws 450.832
  • Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
  • Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
  • Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
  • Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
  • Appraisal: A determination of property value.
  • Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
  • Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
  • Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
  • Assisted reproduction: means a method of causing pregnancy through means other than by sexual intercourse including, but not limited to, all of the following:
    (i) Intrauterine, intracervical, or vaginal insemination. See Michigan Laws 722.1703
  • Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
  • Attorney-at-law: A person who is legally qualified and licensed to practice law, and to represent and act for clients in legal proceedings.
  • Automated transaction: means a transaction conducted or performed, in whole or in part, by electronic means or electronic records, in which the acts or records of 1 or both parties are not reviewed by an individual in the ordinary course in forming a contract, performing under an existing contract, or fulfilling an obligation required by the transaction. See Michigan Laws 450.832
  • Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
  • Ballot container: means a container that is used for transporting and storing voted ballots, as described and approved under section 24j. See Michigan Laws 168.14a
  • Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
  • Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. Source: OCC
  • bonds: means bonds or other obligations outstanding and secured by any such "trust mortgage. See Michigan Laws 451.401
  • Business of debt management: means providing or offering to provide debt management to 1 or more residents of this state. See Michigan Laws 451.412
  • Business owned by persons with disabilities: means a business in which all of the following apply:
    •     (i) More than 50% of the voting shares or interest in the business is owned, controlled, and operated by 1 or more persons with disabilities. See Michigan Laws 450.792
  • Certified counselor: means an individual who is certified by a training program or certifying organization, approved by the director, that authenticates the competence of individuals who provide education and assistance to other individuals in connection with debt counseling and financial counseling functions. See Michigan Laws 451.412
  • Charitable purpose: means the relief of poverty, the advancement of education or religion, the promotion of health, the promotion of a governmental purpose, or any other purpose the achievement of which is beneficial to the community. See Michigan Laws 451.922
  • Child: means an individual who is younger than 18 years of age. See Michigan Laws 722.1102
  • Child: means an individual born as a result of assisted reproduction or under a surrogacy agreement, whose parentage may be determined under this act. See Michigan Laws 722.1703
  • Child-custody determination: means a judgment, decree, or other court order providing for legal custody, physical custody, or parenting time with respect to a child. See Michigan Laws 722.1102
  • Child-custody proceeding: means a proceeding in which legal custody, physical custody, or parenting time with respect to a child is an issue. See Michigan Laws 722.1102
  • Closing: means the permanent shutting down of operations at any establishment at which at least 25 persons are employed. See Michigan Laws 450.732
  • commission: means the public trust commission as hereinbefore created. See Michigan Laws 451.302
  • Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
  • Computer program: means a set of statements or instructions to be used directly or indirectly in an information processing system in order to bring about a certain result. See Michigan Laws 450.832
  • Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
  • Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
  • Contract: means the total legal obligation resulting from the parties' agreement as affected by this act and other applicable law. See Michigan Laws 450.832
  • Controlled: means exercising the power to make policy decisions in a business. See Michigan Laws 450.771
  • Controlled: means exercising the power to make policy decisions in a business. See Michigan Laws 450.792
  • Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
  • Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
  • Counselor: means a certified counselor who is an employee or agent of a licensee who engages in financial counseling and debt counseling functions. See Michigan Laws 451.412
  • Court: means an entity authorized under the law of a state to establish, enforce, or modify a child-custody determination. See Michigan Laws 722.1102
  • Creditor: means a person for whose benefit a licensee collects and disperses money. See Michigan Laws 451.412
  • Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
  • Debt management: means the planning and management of the financial affairs of a debtor and the receipt of money from the debtor for distribution to 1 or more of the debtor's creditors in payment or partial payment of the debtor's obligations. See Michigan Laws 451.412
  • Debtor: means a person from which money is collected for the benefit of a creditor of the debtor. See Michigan Laws 451.412
  • Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
  • Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
  • Department: means the department of labor. See Michigan Laws 450.732
  • Department: means a principal department of the executive branch of the state government. See Michigan Laws 450.771
  • Department: means a principal department of the executive branch of the state government. See Michigan Laws 450.792
  • Department: means the department of insurance and financial services. See Michigan Laws 451.412
  • depositary: shall include all persons who propose to act, or who are now acting, in connection with a protective committee for the purpose of accepting securities for deposit under and/or consents to a protective committee agreement. See Michigan Laws 451.302
  • Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.
  • Devise: To gift property by will.
  • Diagnostic pharmaceutical agent: means a topically administered prescription drug or other topically administered drug used for the purpose of investigating, analyzing, and diagnosing a defect or abnormal condition of the human eye or ocular adnexa. See Michigan Laws 333.17401
  • Director: means the director of the department or his or her authorized representative. See Michigan Laws 451.412
  • Disability: means a determinable physical or mental impairment of an individual or the history of an impairment that may result from disease, injury, congenital condition of birth, or functional disorder. See Michigan Laws 450.792
  • Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
  • Donor: The person who makes a gift.
  • Donor: means an individual who provides gametes intended for use in assisted reproduction, whether or not for compensation. See Michigan Laws 722.1703
  • Drug: means that term as defined in section 17703, but does not include a controlled substance as defined in section 7104 and included in schedule 2 under section 7214, an oral cortical steroid, or a prescription drug. See Michigan Laws 333.17401
  • Election: means an election or primary election at which the electors of this state or of a subdivision of this state choose or nominate by ballot an individual for public office or decide a ballot question lawfully submitted to them. See Michigan Laws 168.2
  • election precinct: as used in this act shall mean a political subdivision, the area of which is embraced in its entirety within the confines of a city, ward, township or village, and for which not more than 1 polling place is provided for all qualified and registered electors residing therein. See Michigan Laws 168.654
  • Electrodiagnostic studies: means the testing of neuromuscular functions utilizing nerve conduction tests and needle electromyography. See Michigan Laws 333.17501
  • Electronic: means relating to technology having electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities. See Michigan Laws 450.832
  • Electronic agent: means a computer program or an electronic or other automated means used independently to initiate an action or respond to electronic records or performances in whole or in part, without review or action by an individual. See Michigan Laws 450.832
  • Electronic record: means a record created, generated, sent, communicated, received, or stored by electronic means. See Michigan Laws 450.832
  • Electronic signature: means an electronic sound, symbol, or process attached to or logically associated with a record and executed or adopted by a person with the intent to sign the record. See Michigan Laws 450.832
  • Embezzlement: In most states, embezzlement is defined as theft/larceny of assets (money or property) by a person in a position of trust or responsibility over those assets. Embezzlement typically occurs in the employment and corporate settings. Source: OCC
  • Employee-owned corporation: means a business operation that is controlled by, and designed to maintain control by, its employees, and in which control is distributed among its employees according to a democratic formula, if the business operation is 1 of the following:
    •     (i) A business operation the management rights of which are represented by voting stock that may be owned only by: employees of the operation, a nonprofit community development corporation, or an employee-owned stock ownership plan in which not less than 50% of the employees participate in each portion of the plan. See Michigan Laws 450.732
  • Endowment fund: means an institutional fund or part of an institutional fund that, under the terms of a gift instrument, is not wholly expendable by the institution on a current basis. See Michigan Laws 451.922
  • Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. Source: U.S. Courts
  • Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
  • Establishment: includes a factory, plant, office, or other facility, but does not include a construction site or other work place that was intended to be a temporary work place. See Michigan Laws 450.732
  • Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
  • Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
  • Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
  • Expenditures: means payments and contracts for goods, services, and construction which may be acquired competitively and are not regulated by separate authority, and, where the department acts as the sole or primary contracting officer and has selective discretion as to the supplier, vendor, or contractor. See Michigan Laws 450.771
  • Expenditures: means payments and contracts for goods, services, and construction which may be acquired competitively and are not regulated by separate authority, and, where the department acts as the sole or primary contracting officer and has selective discretion as to the supplier, vendor, or contractor. See Michigan Laws 450.792
  • Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
  • Fair share program: means a program in which voluntary contributions are made by some creditors to a licensee based on a percentage of the amount disbursed by the licensee on behalf of a debtor. See Michigan Laws 451.412
  • Fees and charges of the licensee: means the total amount of money charged a debtor by a licensee, including the $50. See Michigan Laws 451.412
  • felony: when used in this act, shall be construed to mean an offense for which the offender, on conviction may be punished by death, or by imprisonment in state prison. See Michigan Laws 750.7
  • Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
  • firearm: except as otherwise specifically defined in statute, includes any weapon which will, is designed to, or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by action of an explosive. See Michigan Laws 8.3t
  • Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
  • Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. Source: OCC
  • Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. Source: OCC
  • Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
  • Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. Source: OCC
  • Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor
  • general November election: means the election held on the November regular election date in an even numbered year. See Michigan Laws 168.2
  • Genetic surrogate: means an individual, not an intended parent, who agrees to become pregnant through assisted reproduction using the individual's own gametes. See Michigan Laws 722.1703
  • Gestational surrogate: means an individual, not an intended parent, who agrees to become pregnant through assisted reproduction using gametes that are not the individual's own. See Michigan Laws 722.1703
  • Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
  • Gift instrument: means a record or records, including an institutional solicitation, under which property is granted to, transferred to, or held by an institution as an institutional fund. See Michigan Laws 451.922
  • Governmental agency: means an executive, legislative, or judicial agency, department, board, commission, authority, institution, or instrumentality of the federal, state, or local government. See Michigan Laws 450.832
  • Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
  • Impeachment: (1) The process of calling something into question, as in "impeaching the testimony of a witness." (2) The constitutional process whereby the House of Representatives may "impeach" (accuse of misconduct) high officers of the federal government for trial in the Senate.
  • in writing: shall be construed to include printing, engraving, and lithographing; except that if the written signature of a person is required by law, the signature shall be the proper handwriting of the person or, if the person is unable to write, the person's proper mark, which may be, unless otherwise expressly prohibited by law, a clear and classifiable fingerprint of the person made with ink or another substance. See Michigan Laws 8.3q
  • industrial cooperative: means an establishment in which the owners or members all work in the establishment and are the only persons who work in the establishment. See Michigan Laws 450.732
  • Information: means , but is not limited to, data, text, images, sounds, codes, computer programs, software and databases. See Michigan Laws 450.832
  • Information processing system: means an electronic system for creating, generating, sending, receiving, storing, displaying, or processing information. See Michigan Laws 450.832
  • Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
  • Institution: means any of the following:
    •     (i) A person, other than an individual, organized and operated exclusively for charitable purposes. See Michigan Laws 451.922
  • Institutional fund: means a fund held by an institution exclusively for charitable purposes. See Michigan Laws 451.922
  • Intended parent: means an individual, married or unmarried, who manifests an intent to be legally bound as a parent of a child conceived by assisted reproduction or by assisted reproduction under a surrogacy agreement. See Michigan Laws 722.1703
  • Invasive procedures: means all of the following:
    •     (i) The use of lasers other than for observation. See Michigan Laws 333.17401
  • Issuing court: means the court that makes a child-custody determination for which enforcement is sought under this act. See Michigan Laws 722.1102
  • Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
  • Juror: A person who is on the jury.
  • Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). Source: OCC
  • Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
  • License: means a written certificate or exemption order issued by the director under this act. See Michigan Laws 451.412
  • Licensee: means a person that is licensed, or is required to be licensed, under this act to perform debt management services and is located inside or outside the boundaries of this state. See Michigan Laws 451.412
  • Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
  • Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
  • Locator service: means a telephone service that automatically connects callers to a network of member service providers, based on geographic location or another parameter. See Michigan Laws 451.412
  • Manufacturer: means a person that prepares, produces, derives, propagates, compounds, processes, packages, or repackages a drug or device salable on prescription only, or otherwise changes the container or the labeling of a drug or device salable on prescription only, and that supplies, distributes, sells, offers for sale, barters, or otherwise disposes of that drug or device and any other drug or device salable on prescription only, to another person for resale, compounding, or dispensing. See Michigan Laws 333.17706
  • Medical evaluation: means a complete consultation with and evaluation by a physician. See Michigan Laws 722.1703
  • Mental health consultation: means a consultation with and, when required by this act, an assessment by a mental health professional. See Michigan Laws 722.1703
  • Mental health professional: means that term as defined in section 100b of the mental health code, 1974 PA 258, MCL 330. See Michigan Laws 722.1703
  • Minority: means a person who is black, hispanic, oriental, eskimo, or an American Indian who is not less than 1/4 quantum Indian blood as certified by the person's tribal association and verified by the Indian affairs commission. See Michigan Laws 450.771
  • Minority leader: See Floor Leaders
  • Minority owned business: means a business enterprise of which more than 50% of the voting shares or interest in the business is owned, controlled, and operated by individuals who are members of a minority and with respect to which more than 50% of the net profit or loss attributable to the business accrues to shareholders who are members of a minority. See Michigan Laws 450.771
  • month: means a calendar month; the word "year" a calendar year; and the word "year" alone shall be equivalent to the words "year of our Lord". See Michigan Laws 8.3j
  • Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
  • Mortgagor: The person who pledges property to a creditor as collateral for a loan and who receives the money.
  • Nursing home: means that term as defined in section 20109. See Michigan Laws 333.17301
  • Nursing home administrator: means the individual licensed under this article to engage in the practice of nursing home administration. See Michigan Laws 333.17301
  • Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
  • oath: shall be construed to include the word "affirmation" in all cases where by law an affirmation may be substituted for an oath; and in like cases the word "sworn" shall be construed to include the word "affirmed". See Michigan Laws 8.3k
  • Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
  • Office: means each location, described by street name, building number, city, and state, where a person engages in the business of debt management. See Michigan Laws 451.412
  • Operated: means the activity of being involved in the day to day management of a business. See Michigan Laws 450.771
  • Operated: means the activity of being involved in the day-to-day management of a business. See Michigan Laws 450.792
  • Optometrist: means an individual licensed under this article to engage in the practice of optometry. See Michigan Laws 333.17401
  • Participating physician: means a physician, a physician designated by a group of physicians under section 17549 to represent that group, or a physician designated by a health facility or agency under section 20174 to represent that health facility or agency. See Michigan Laws 333.17501
  • Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
  • Passenger: means any person not the pilot or member of the crew of any aircraft. See Michigan Laws 750.43
  • Person: means an individual, sole proprietorship, partnership, association, or corporation. See Michigan Laws 450.771
  • Person: means an individual, sole proprietorship, partnership, association, or corporation. See Michigan Laws 450.792
  • Person: means an individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, governmental entity, or any other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 450.832
  • Person: means an individual, corporation, partnership, association, joint stock company, trust if the interests of the beneficiaries are evidenced by a security, limited liability company, or other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 451.412
  • Person: means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, association, joint venture, public corporation, government or governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Michigan Laws 451.922
  • Person: means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, or government; governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality; public corporation; or any other legal or commercial entity. See Michigan Laws 722.1102
  • person: may extend and be applied to bodies politic and corporate, as well as to individuals. See Michigan Laws 8.3l
  • Person acting as a parent: means a person, other than a parent, who meets both of the following criteria:
    •     (i) Has physical custody of the child or has had physical custody for a period of 6 consecutive months, including a temporary absence, within 1 year immediately before the commencement of a child-custody proceeding. See Michigan Laws 722.1102
  • Person with disabilities: means an individual with 1 or more disabilities. See Michigan Laws 450.792
  • Personal property: All property that is not real property.
  • persons: shall include natural persons, corporations, partnerships, associations, companies, and syndicates. See Michigan Laws 451.302
  • Petitioner: means a person who seeks enforcement of a child-custody determination or enforcement of an order for return of a child under the Hague convention on the civil aspects of international child abduction. See Michigan Laws 722.1301
  • Physical custody: means the physical care and supervision of a child. See Michigan Laws 722.1102
  • Physician: means an individual licensed under part 170 or 175 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333. See Michigan Laws 722.1703
  • Physician: means a physician who is licensed under part 170 or part 175. See Michigan Laws 333.17201
  • Physician: means that term as defined in section 17001 or 17501. See Michigan Laws 333.17401
  • Physician: means an individual who is licensed or authorized under this article to engage in the practice of osteopathic medicine and surgery. See Michigan Laws 333.17501
  • Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
  • Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
  • Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. Source: OCC
  • Practice agreement: means an agreement described in section 17547. See Michigan Laws 333.17501
  • Practice of nursing: means the systematic application of substantial specialized knowledge and skill, derived from the biological, physical, and behavioral sciences, to the care, treatment, counsel, and health teaching of individuals who are experiencing changes in the normal health processes or who require assistance in the maintenance of health and the prevention or management of illness, injury, or disability. See Michigan Laws 333.17201
  • Practice of nursing home administration: means planning, organizing, directing, and controlling the total operation of the nursing home on behalf of the governing board or owner of a nursing home. See Michigan Laws 333.17301
  • Practice of optometry: means 1 or more of the following, but does not include the performance of invasive procedures:
    •     (i) The examination of the human eye to ascertain the presence of defects or abnormal conditions that may be corrected, remedied, or relieved, or the effects of which may be corrected, remedied, or relieved by the use of lenses, prisms, or other mechanical devices. See Michigan Laws 333.17401
  • Practice of osteopathic medicine and surgery: means a separate, complete, and independent school of medicine and surgery utilizing full methods of diagnosis and treatment in physical and mental health and disease, including the prescription and administration of drugs and biologicals, operative surgery, obstetrics, radiological and other electromagnetic emissions, and placing special emphasis on the interrelationship of the musculoskeletal system to other body systems. See Michigan Laws 333.17501
  • Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.
  • Prescription drug: means that term as defined in section 17708, but does not include a controlled substance as defined in section 7104 and included in schedule 2 under section 7214 or an oral cortical steroid. See Michigan Laws 333.17401
  • Presentence report: A report prepared by a court's probation officer, after a person has been convicted of an offense, summarizing for the court the background information needed to determine the appropriate sentence. Source: U.S. Courts
  • Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
  • Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
  • protective committee: shall include all persons who propose or purport to act, or who are now acting, for and in behalf of others and/or themselves with respect to a security and/or for the purpose of protecting and preserving the common interests of the holders or owners of the particular security. See Michigan Laws 451.302
  • Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
  • qualified elector: as used in this act , means a person who possesses the qualifications of an elector as prescribed in section 1 of article II of the state constitution of 1963 and who has resided in the city or township 30 days. See Michigan Laws 168.10
  • Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
  • Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
  • Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Michigan Laws 450.832
  • Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Michigan Laws 451.922
  • Relocation: means the transfer of a part of a corporation's operation from 1 establishment to another existing or proposed establishment located at a distance from the first establishment which results in at least a 25-person reduction in the number of employees at the first establishment, but does not include a transfer from an establishment in 1 part of a political subdivision to an establishment in another part of the same political subdivision. See Michigan Laws 450.732
  • Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
  • Respondent: means a person against whom a proceeding has been commenced for enforcement of a child-custody determination or enforcement of an order for the return of a child under the Hague convention on the civil aspects of international child abduction. See Michigan Laws 722.1301
  • School district: means a school district, a local act school district, or an intermediate school district, as those terms are defined in the revised school code, 1976 PA 451, MCL 380. See Michigan Laws 168.4
  • seal: means a seal of high tensile strength that is approved by the secretary of state under section 36. See Michigan Laws 168.14a
  • seal: shall be construed to include any of the following:
    •     (a) The impression of the seal on the paper alone. See Michigan Laws 8.3n
  • securities: shall include bonds, notes, debentures, and any other instrument of like character used to evidence indebtedness. See Michigan Laws 451.302
  • Security procedure: means a procedure employed for the purpose of verifying that an electronic signature, record, or performance is that of a specific person or for detecting changes or errors in the information in an electronic record. See Michigan Laws 450.832
  • Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
  • shall not apply: means that the pertinent provision is not operative as to certain persons or things or in conjunction with a particular date or dates. See Michigan Laws 8.4c
  • solicitor: shall include all persons who procure or solicit directly or indirectly, or who are now procuring or soliciting directly or indirectly the deposit of securities with a depositary under a protective committee agreement or similar instrument and/or who procure or solicit directly or indirectly, or who are now procuring or soliciting directly or indirectly, the consent of holders or owners of securities to a protective committee agreement or similar instrument. See Michigan Laws 451.302
  • State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Michigan Laws 450.832
  • State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or a territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Michigan Laws 722.1102
  • state: when applied to the different parts of the United States, shall be construed to extend to and include the District of Columbia and the several territories belonging to the United States; and the words "United States" shall be construed to include the district and territories. See Michigan Laws 8.3o
  • Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
  • Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.
  • Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
  • Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
  • Supplemental appropriation: Budget authority provided in an appropriations act in addition to regular or continuing appropriations already provided. Supplemental appropriations generally are made to cover emergencies, such as disaster relief, or other needs deemed too urgent to be postponed until the enactment of next year's regular appropriations act.
  • Surrogacy agreement: means an agreement between 1 or more intended parents and a surrogate in which the surrogate agrees to become pregnant by assisted reproduction and that provides that each intended parent is a parent of a child conceived under the agreement. See Michigan Laws 722.1703
  • Surrogate: means an individual who is not an intended parent and who agrees to become pregnant through assisted reproduction under a surrogacy agreement. See Michigan Laws 722.1703
  • Sweep arrangement: means an arrangement that provides for a temporary or permanent transfer of funds from 1 trust account to another trust account when a predetermined time, account balance, or other condition occurs or is fulfilled. See Michigan Laws 451.412
  • Task force: means the joint task force created in section 17025. See Michigan Laws 333.17501
  • Testify: Answer questions in court.
  • Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
  • Transaction: means an action or set of actions occurring between 2 or more persons relating to the conduct of business, commercial, or governmental affairs. See Michigan Laws 450.832
  • Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
  • Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
  • Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. Source: OCC
  • trust mortgage: means any trust mortgage, trust indenture or deed of trust given to secure bonds or other obligations issued and authenticated as therein set forth. See Michigan Laws 451.401
  • Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
  • trustee: means the trustee or trustees of any such "trust mortgage. See Michigan Laws 451.401
  • Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. Source: OCC
  • Uniform voting system: means the type of voting system that is used at all elections in every election precinct throughout the state. See Michigan Laws 168.4
  • United States: shall be construed to include the district and territories. See Michigan Laws 8.3o
  • Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
  • Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
  • village: as used in this act , shall mean an incorporated village. See Michigan Laws 168.9
  • Warrant: means a court order authorizing a law enforcement officer to take physical custody of a child. See Michigan Laws 722.1102
  • Woman owned business: means a business of which more than 50% of the voting shares or interest in the business is owned, controlled, and operated by women and with respect to which more than 50% of the net profit or loss attributable to the business accrues to the women shareholders. See Michigan Laws 450.771