Terms Used In Montana Code > Title 7 > Chapter 6 > Part 1 - In-Lieu Payments for Taxes

• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Affidavit: means a sworn written declaration made before an officer authorized to administer oaths or an unsworn written declaration made under penalty of perjury as provided in 1-6-105. See Montana Code 1-1-203
• Agreement: shall mean contract and shall include renewals and alterations of a contract. See Montana Code 7-6-101
• Animal: means any warmblooded or coldblooded animal lawfully confined for food, fur, or fiber production, agriculture and its related activities, research, testing, or education. See Montana Code 81-30-102
• Animal facility: includes a vehicle, building, structure, research facility, or premises where an animal is lawfully kept, handled, housed, exhibited, bred, or offered for sale. See Montana Code 81-30-102
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
• Board: means the board of livestock provided for in 2-15-3102. See Montana Code 81-29-101
• Board: shall mean the board of county commissioners of any county in this state. See Montana Code 7-6-101
• Coal: means a combustible carbonaceous rock formed from the compaction and induration of variously altered plant remains. See Montana Code 82-1-111
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Consent: means agreement in fact, whether express or apparent. See Montana Code 81-30-102
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Deprive: means to:

  (a)withhold an animal or other property from the owner permanently or for such a period of time that a major portion of the value or enjoyment of the animal or property is lost to the owner;

  (b)restore the animal or other property only upon payment of reward or other compensation; or

  (c)dispose of an animal or other property in a manner that makes recovery of the animal or property by the owner unlikely. See Montana Code 81-30-102

• Effective consent: means consent by the owner or by a person legally authorized to act for the owner. See Montana Code 81-30-102
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Feral swine: means a hog, boar, or pig that appears to be untamed, undomesticated, or in a wild state or appears to be contained for commercial hunting or trapping. See Montana Code 81-29-101
• Fund: shall mean , unless otherwise expressed, the government project fund to be established pursuant to 7-6-105. See Montana Code 7-6-101
• Gas: means all natural gases and all other fluid hydrocarbons, including methane gas or any other natural gas found in any coal formation, as produced at the wellhead and not defined as oil in subsection (3). See Montana Code 82-1-111
• Governing body: shall mean the commission, board, body, or persons in which the powers of a subdivision as a body corporate or otherwise are vested. See Montana Code 7-6-101
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Knowingly: means only a knowledge that the facts exist which bring the act or omission within the provisions of this code. See Montana Code 1-1-204
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Notice: means :

  (a)oral or written communication by the owner or someone with apparent authority to act for the owner;

  (b)fencing or other enclosure obviously designed to exclude intruders or to contain animals; or

  (c)a sign or signs posted on the property or at the entrance to a building that are reasonably likely to come to the attention of intruders and that indicate that entry is forbidden. See Montana Code 81-30-102

• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• Oil: means crude petroleum oil and other hydrocarbons, regardless of gravity, that are produced at the wellhead in liquid form by ordinary production methods and that are not the result of condensation of gas before or after it leaves the reservoir. See Montana Code 82-1-111
• Owner: means a person who has:

  (a)title to the property; or

  (b)lawful possession of the property. See Montana Code 81-30-102

• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Person: includes a corporation or other entity as well as a natural person. See Montana Code 1-1-201
• Person: means an individual, state agency, corporation, association, nonprofit corporation, joint-stock company, firm, trust, partnership; two or more persons having a joint or common interest; or some other legal entity. See Montana Code 81-30-102
• Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
• Political subdivision: shall mean any agency or unit of this state which now is or hereafter shall be authorized to levy taxes or empowered to cause taxes to be levied. See Montana Code 7-6-101
• Possession: means actual care, custody, control, or management. See Montana Code 81-30-102
• Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents.
• Printing: means the act of reproducing a design on a surface by any process. See Montana Code 1-1-203
• Process: means a writ or summons issued in the course of judicial proceedings. See Montana Code 1-1-202
• Project: shall mean any resettlement project or rural rehabilitation project for resettlement purposes of the United States or any other lands formerly upon the tax rolls and purchased by the United States and used for resettlement, rehabilitation, or grazing purposes, located within this state or any political subdivision thereof, and shall include the persons inhabiting, occupying, or using any lands so owned or acquired by the United States. See Montana Code 7-6-101
• Property: means real and personal property. See Montana Code 1-1-205
• Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
• Research facility: means a place, laboratory, institution, medical care facility, elementary school, high school, college, or university at which a scientific test, experiment, or investigation involving the use of a living animal is lawfully carried out, conducted, or attempted. See Montana Code 81-30-102
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• Services: shall mean such public and municipal functions as are performed for property in and persons residing within a political subdivision. See Montana Code 7-6-101
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• Several: means two or more. See Montana Code 1-1-201
• State: when applied to the different parts of the United States, includes the District of Columbia and the territories. See Montana Code 1-1-201
• Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
• Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• United States: includes the District of Columbia and the territories. See Montana Code 1-1-201
• United States: shall mean the United States of America. See Montana Code 7-6-101
• Usage: means a reasonable and lawful public custom concerning transactions of the same nature as those which are to be affected thereby, existing at the place where the obligation is to be performed, and either known to the parties or so well established, general, and uniform that the parties must be presumed to have acted with reference thereto. See Montana Code 1-1-206