North Dakota Code > Chapter 9-06 – Formation of Contract


§ 9-06-01	Express and implied contracts defined
§ 9-06-02	What contracts may be oral
§ 9-06-03	Written contract prevented by fraud – Oral contract enforceable
§ 9-06-04	Contracts invalid unless in writing – Statute of frauds
§ 9-06-06	Auction sale – Auctioneer memorandum sufficient
§ 9-06-07	Written contract supersedes oral negotiations
§ 9-06-08	Written contract takes effect on delivery
§ 9-06-09	Law of transfers of property applies
§ 9-06-11	Seals abolished

Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
following: when used by way of reference to a chapter or other part of a statute means the next preceding or next following chapter or other part. See North Dakota Code 1-01-49
Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
Person: means an individual, organization, government, political subdivision, or government agency or instrumentality. See North Dakota Code 1-01-49
Property: includes property, real and personal. See North Dakota Code 1-01-49
Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
State: when applied to the different parts of the United States, includes the District of Columbia and the territories. See North Dakota Code 1-01-49
Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
written: include "typewriting" and "typewritten" and "printing" and "printed" except in the case of signatures and when the words are used by way of contrast to typewriting and printing. See North Dakota Code 1-01-37
year: means twelve consecutive months. See North Dakota Code 1-01-33