An emergency services provider or first aid volunteer who is significantly exposed during the course of performing the emergency services provider’s duties or during the course of performing emergency assistance or first aid, or a health care provider acting in the course and scope of the health care provider’s duties as a health care provider may:
Terms Used In Utah Code 78B-8-402
Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
Disease: means Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection, acute or chronic Hepatitis B infection, Hepatitis C infection, COVID-19 or another infectious disease that may cause Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, and any other infectious disease specifically designated by the Labor Commission, in consultation with the Department of Health and Human Services, for the purposes of this part. See Utah Code 78B-8-401
Emergency services provider: means :
(a)
an individual licensed under Section 26B-4-116, a peace officer, local fire department personnel, or personnel employed by the Department of Corrections or by a county jail, who provide prehospital emergency care for an emergency services provider either as an employee or as a volunteer; or
(b)
an individual who provides for the care, control, support, or transport of a prisoner. See Utah Code 78B-8-401
First aid volunteer: means a person who provides voluntary emergency assistance or first aid medical care to an injured person prior to the arrival of an emergency medical services provider or peace officer. See Utah Code 78B-8-401
Medical testing procedure: means a nasopharyngeal swab, a nasal swab, a capillary blood sample, a saliva test, or a blood draw. See Utah Code 78B-8-401
Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
Process: means a writ or summons issued in the course of a judicial proceeding. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
(a)
request that the person to whom the emergency services provider, first aid volunteer, or health care provider was significantly exposed voluntarily submit to testing; or
(b)
petition the district court or a magistrate for an order requiring that the person to whom the emergency services provider, first aid volunteer, or health care provider was significantly exposed submit to testing to determine the presence of a disease and that the results of that test be disclosed to the petitioner by the Department of Health and Human Services.
(2)
(a)
A law enforcement agency may submit on behalf of the petitioner by electronic or other means an ex parte request for a warrant ordering a medical testing procedure of the respondent.
(b)
The court or magistrate shall issue a warrant ordering the respondent to submit to a medical testing procedure within two hours, and that reasonable force may be used, if necessary, if the court or magistrate finds that:
(i)
the petitioner was significantly exposed during the course of performing the petitioner’s duties as an emergency services provider, first aid volunteer, or health care provider;
(ii)
the respondent refused to give consent to the medical testing procedure or is unable to give consent;
(iii)
there may not be an opportunity to obtain a sample at a later date; and
(iv)
a delay in administering available FDA-approved post-exposure treatment or prophylaxis could result in a lack of effectiveness of the treatment or prophylaxis.
(c)
(i)
If the petitioner requests that the court order the respondent to submit to a blood draw, the petitioner shall request a person authorized under Section 41-6a-523 to perform the blood draw.
(ii)
If the petitioner requests that the court order the respondent to submit to a medical testing procedure, other than a blood draw, the petitioner shall request that a qualified medical professional, including a physician, a physician’s assistant, a registered nurse, a licensed practical nurse, or a paramedic, perform the medical testing procedure.
(d)
(i)
A sample drawn in accordance with a warrant following an ex parte request shall be sent to the Department of Health and Human Services for testing.
(ii)
If the Department of Health and Human Services is unable to perform a medical testing procedure ordered by the court under this section, a qualified medical laboratory may perform the medical testing procedure if:
(A)
the Department of Health and Human Services requests that the medical laboratory perform the medical testing procedure; and
(B)
the result of the medical testing procedure is provided to the Department of Health and Human Services.
(3)
If a petitioner does not seek or obtain a warrant pursuant to Subsection (2), the petitioner may file a petition with the district court seeking an order to submit to testing and to disclose the results in accordance with this section.
(4)
(a)
The petition described in Subsection (3) shall be accompanied by an affidavit in which the petitioner certifies that the petitioner has been significantly exposed to the individual who is the subject of the petition and describes that exposure.
(b)
The petitioner shall submit to testing to determine the presence of a disease, when the petition is filed or within three days after the petition is filed.
(5)
The petitioner shall cause the petition required under this section to be served on the person who the petitioner is requesting to be tested in a manner that will best preserve the confidentiality of that person.
(6)
(a)
The court shall set a time for a hearing on the matter within 10 days after the petition is filed and shall give the petitioner and the individual who is the subject of the petition notice of the hearing at least 72 hours prior to the hearing.
(b)
The individual who is the subject of the petition shall also be notified that the individual may have an attorney present at the hearing and that the individual’s attorney may examine and cross-examine witnesses.
(c)
The hearing shall be conducted in camera.
(7)
The district court may enter an order requiring that an individual submit to testing, including a medical testing procedure, for a disease if the court finds probable cause to believe:
(a)
the petitioner was significantly exposed; and
(b)
the exposure occurred during the course of the emergency services provider’s duties, the provision of emergency assistance or first aid by a first aid volunteer, or the health care provider acting in the course and scope of the provider’s duties as a health care provider.
(8)
The court may order that the use of reasonable force is permitted to complete an ordered test if the individual who is the subject of the petition is a prisoner.
(9)
The court may order that additional, follow-up testing be conducted and that the individual submit to that testing, as it determines to be necessary and appropriate.
(10)
The court is not required to order an individual to submit to a test under this section if it finds that there is a substantial reason, relating to the life or health of the individual, not to enter the order.
(11)
(a)
Upon order of the district court that an individual submit to testing for a disease, that individual shall report to the designated local health department to provide the ordered specimen within five days after the day on which the court issues the order, and thereafter as designated by the court, or be held in contempt of court.
(b)
The court shall send the order to the Department of Health and Human Services and to the local health department ordered to conduct or oversee the test.
(c)
Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 26B-7-217, the Department of Health and Human Services and a local health department may disclose the test results pursuant to a court order as provided in this section.
(d)
Under this section, anonymous testing as provided under Section 26B-7-203 may not satisfy the requirements of the court order.
(12)
The local health department or the Department of Health and Human Services shall inform the subject of the petition and the petitioner of the results of the test and advise both parties that the test results are confidential. That information shall be maintained as confidential by all parties to the action.
(13)
The court, the court’s personnel, the process server, the Department of Health and Human Services, local health department, and petitioner shall maintain confidentiality of the name and any other identifying information regarding the individual tested and the results of the test as they relate to that individual, except as specifically authorized by this chapter.
(14)
(a)
Except as provided in Subsection (14)(b), the petitioner shall remit payment for each test performed in accordance with this section to the entity that performs the procedure.
(b)
If the petitioner is an emergency services provider, the agency that employs the emergency services provider shall remit payment for each test performed in accordance with this section to the entity that performs the procedure.
(15)
The entity that obtains a specimen for a test ordered under this section shall cause the specimen and the payment for the analysis of the specimen to be delivered to the Department of Health and Human Services for analysis.
(16)
If the individual is incarcerated, the incarcerating authority shall either obtain a specimen for a test ordered under this section or shall pay the expenses of having the specimen obtained by a qualified individual who is not employed by the incarcerating authority.
(17)
The ex parte request or petition shall be sealed upon filing and made accessible only to the petitioner, the subject of the petition, and their attorneys, upon court order.
