Part 1 General Provisions 32B-5-101 – 32B-5-102
Part 2 Retail Licensing Process 32B-5-201 – 32B-5-207
Part 3 Retail Licensee Operational Requirements 32B-5-301 – 32B-5-311

Terms Used In Utah Code > Title 32B > Chapter 5 - Retail License Act

  • Administrator: includes "executor" when the subject matter justifies the use. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
  • Affected entity: means a county, municipality, special district, special service district under Title 17D, Chapter 1, Special Service District Act, school district, interlocal cooperation entity established under Title 11, Chapter 13, Interlocal Cooperation Act, specified property owner, property owner's association, public utility, or the Department of Transportation, if:
    (a) the entity's services or facilities are likely to require expansion or significant modification because of an intended use of land;
    (b) the entity has filed with the county a copy of the entity's general or long-range plan; or
    (c) the entity has filed with the county a request for notice during the same calendar year and before the county provides notice to an affected entity in compliance with a requirement imposed under this chapter. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • Airport lounge: means a business location:
    (a) at which an alcoholic product is sold at retail for consumption on the premises; and
    (b) that is located at an international airport or domestic airport. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Alcohol training and education seminar: means a seminar that is:
    (a) required by 7; and
    (b) described in Section 26B-5-205. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Alcoholic beverage: means the following:
    (a) beer; or
    (b) liquor. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
  • Applicant: means :
    (i) the person filing an application for registration of a mark under this chapter; and
    (ii) a legal representative, successor, or assign of a person described in Subsection (1)(b)(i). See Utah Code 70-3a-103
  • Arena: means an enclosed building:
    (a) that is managed by:
    (i) the same person who owns the enclosed building;
    (ii) a person who has a majority interest in each person who owns or manages a space in the enclosed building; or
    (iii) a person who has authority to direct or exercise control over the management or policy of each person who owns or manages a space in the enclosed building;
    (b) that operates as a venue; and
    (c) that has an occupancy capacity of at least 12,500. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Arena license: means a license issued in accordance with Chapter 5, Retail License Act, and Chapter 8c, Arena License Act. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
  • Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
  • Banquet: means an event:
    (a) that is a private event or a privately sponsored event;
    (b) that is held at one or more designated locations approved by the commission in or on the premises of:
    (i) a hotel;
    (ii) a resort facility;
    (iii) a sports center;
    (iv) a convention center;
    (v) a performing arts facility;
    (vi) an arena; or
    (vii) a restaurant venue;
    (c) for which there is a contract:
    (i) between a person operating a facility listed in Subsection (8)(b) and another person that has common ownership of less than 20% with the person operating the facility; and
    (ii) under which the person operating a facility listed in Subsection (8)(b) is required to provide an alcoholic product at the event; and
    (d) at which food and alcoholic products may be sold, offered for sale, or furnished. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Bar license: means a license issued in accordance with Chapter 5, Retail License Act, and 4. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Beer: means a product that:
    (i) contains:
    (A) at least . See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Beer retailer: means a business that:
    (a) is engaged, primarily or incidentally, in the retail sale of beer to a patron, whether for consumption on or off the business premises; and
    (b) is licensed as:
    (i) an off-premise beer retailer, in accordance with 2; or
    (ii) an on-premise beer retailer, in accordance with Chapter 5, Retail License Act, and 7. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Brewer: means a person engaged in manufacturing:
    (a) beer;
    (b) heavy beer; or
    (c) a flavored malt beverage. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Buyer: means a person who buys or contracts to buy goods. See Utah Code 70A-2-103
  • Commission: means the Alcoholic Beverage Services Commission created in Section 32B-2-201. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Commissioner: means a member of the commission. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
  • Community location: means :
    (a) a public or private school;
    (b) a church;
    (c) a public library;
    (d) a public playground; or
    (e) a public park. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
  • Container: means a receptacle that contains an alcoholic product, including:
    (a) a bottle;
    (b) a vessel; or
    (c) a similar item. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
  • Contract for sale: includes both a present sale of goods and a contract to sell goods at a future time. See Utah Code 70A-2-106
  • Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
  • Counterclaim: A claim that a defendant makes against a plaintiff.
  • County utility easement: means an easement that:
    (a) a plat recorded in a county recorder's office described as a county utility easement or otherwise as a utility easement;
    (b) is not a protected utility easement or a public utility easement as defined in Section 54-3-27;
    (c) the county or the county's affiliated governmental entity owns or creates; and
    (d) 
    (i) either:
    (A) no person uses or occupies; or
    (B) the county or the county's affiliated governmental entity uses and occupies to provide a utility service, including sanitary sewer, culinary water, electrical, storm water, or communications or data lines; or
    (ii) a person uses or occupies with or without an authorized franchise or other agreement with the county. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • Culinary water authority: means the department, agency, or public entity with responsibility to review and approve the feasibility of the culinary water system and sources for the subject property. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
  • Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
  • Department: means the Department of Alcoholic Beverage Services created in Section 32B-2-203. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Dilution: means the lessening of the capacity of a famous mark to identify and distinguish goods or services, regardless of the presence or absence of:
    (i) competition between the owner of the famous mark and another person; or
    (ii) the likelihood of:
    (A) confusion;
    (B) mistake; or
    (C) deception. See Utah Code 70-3a-103
  • Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
  • dispense: means :
    (i) drawing an alcoholic product; and
    (ii) using the alcoholic product at the location from which it was drawn to mix or prepare an alcoholic product to be furnished to a patron of the retail licensee. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Dispensing structure: means a surface or structure on a licensed premises:
    (a) where an alcoholic product is dispensed; or
    (b) from which an alcoholic product is served. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Division: means the Division of Corporations and Commercial Code within the Department of Commerce. See Utah Code 70-3a-103
  • Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
  • Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
  • Executor: includes "administrator" when the subject matter justifies the use. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
  • Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
  • Flavored malt beverage: means a beverage:
    (i) that contains at least . See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. Source: OCC
  • Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
  • Furnish: includes to:
    (i) serve;
    (ii) deliver; or
    (iii) otherwise make available. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
  • Guarantor: A party who agrees to be responsible for the payment of another party's debts should that party default. Source: OCC
  • Hard cider: means the same as that term is defined in 26 U. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Hospitality amenity license: means a license issued in accordance with Chapter 5, Retail License Act, and 10. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Hotel: includes a commercial lodging establishment that:
    (i) meets the requirements under Subsection (53)(a); and
    (ii) has one or more privately owned dwelling units. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
  • Interdicted person: means a person to whom the sale, offer for sale, or furnishing of an alcoholic product is prohibited by:
    (a) law; or
    (b) court order. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. Source: OCC
  • Internal lot restriction: means a platted note, platted demarcation, or platted designation that:
    (a) runs with the land; and
    (b) 
    (i) creates a restriction that is enclosed within the perimeter of a lot described on the plat; or
    (ii) designates a development condition that is enclosed within the perimeter of a lot described on the plat. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • intoxication: means that
         an individual exhibits plain and easily observable outward manifestations of behavior or physical signs produced by or as a result of the use of:
    (a) an alcoholic product;
    (b) a controlled substance;
    (c) a substance having the property of releasing toxic vapors; or
    (d) a combination of products or substances described in Subsections (60)(a) through (c). See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Land use authority: means :
    (a) a person, board, commission, agency, or body, including the local legislative body, designated by the local legislative body to act upon a land use application; or
    (b) if the local legislative body has not designated a person, board, commission, agency, or body, the local legislative body. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). Source: OCC
  • Legal tender: coins, dollar bills, or other currency issued by a government as official money. Source: U.S. Mint
  • Legislative: when used to describe the powers, duties, or functions of a county commission or council, refers to:
    (a) the power and duty to enact ordinances, levy taxes, and establish budgets; and
    (b) those powers, duties, and functions that, under constitutional and statutory provisions and through long usage and accepted practice and custom at the federal and state level, have come to be regarded as belonging to the legislative branch of government. See Utah Code 17-50-101
  • Legislative body: means the county legislative body, or for a county that has adopted an alternative form of government, the body exercising legislative powers. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • License: means :
    (a) a retail license;
    (b) a sublicense;
    (c) a license issued in accordance with 4;
    (d) a license issued in accordance with Chapter 11, Manufacturing and Related Licenses Act;
    (e) a license issued in accordance with Chapter 12, Liquor Warehousing License Act;
    (f) a license issued in accordance with Chapter 13, Beer Wholesaling License Act; or
    (g) a license issued in accordance with Chapter 17, Liquor Transport License Act. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Licensee: means a person who holds a license. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
  • Liquor: includes :
    (A) heavy beer;
    (B) wine; and
    (C) a flavored malt beverage. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
  • Local authority: means :
    (a) for premises that are located in an unincorporated area of a county, the governing body of a county;
    (b) for premises that are located in an incorporated city, town, or metro township, the governing body of the city, town, or metro township; or
    (c) for premises that are located in a project area as defined in Section 63H-1-102 and in a project area plan adopted by the Military Installation Development Authority under Title 63H, Chapter 1, Military Installation Development Authority Act, the Military Installation Development Authority. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Lodging establishment: means the same as that term is defined in Section 29-2-102. See Utah Code 69-5-102
  • Lot: means a tract of land, regardless of any label, that is created by and shown on a subdivision plat that has been recorded in the office of the county recorder. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • Lot line adjustment: means a relocation of a lot line boundary between adjoining lots or between a lot and adjoining parcels in accordance with Section 17-27a-608:
    (i) whether or not the lots are located in the same subdivision; and
    (ii) with the consent of the owners of record. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • Mark: means any trademark or service mark entitled to registration under this chapter whether or not the trademark or service mark is registered. See Utah Code 70-3a-103
  • Minor: means an individual under 21 years old. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
  • Multi-line telephone system: means a network- or premises-based telephone system installed at an end-use location that uses common control units, common telephones, and common control hardware and software to provide a connection to the public switched network to multiple end-users at the end-use location. See Utah Code 69-5-102
  • Nonconformity: means any defect, condition, or malfunction which substantially impairs the use, value, or safety of assistive technology, but does not include a condition, defect, or malfunction that is the result of abuse, neglect, or unauthorized modification or alternation of the assistive technology by the consumer. See Utah Code 70A-2-802
  • Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
  • offer for sale: means a transaction, exchange, or barter whereby, for consideration, an alcoholic product is either directly or indirectly transferred, solicited, ordered, delivered for value, or by a means or under a pretext is promised or obtained, whether done by a person as a principal, proprietor, or as staff, unless otherwise defined in this title or the rules made by the commission. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • On-premise beer retailer: means a beer retailer who is:
    (a) authorized to sell, offer for sale, or furnish beer under a license issued in accordance with Chapter 5, Retail License Act, and 7; and
    (b) engaged in the sale of beer to a patron for consumption on the beer retailer's premises:
    (i) regardless of whether the beer retailer sells beer for consumption off the licensed premises; and
    (ii) on and after March 1, 2012, operating:
    (A) as a tavern; or
    (B) in a manner that meets the requirements of Subsection 32B-6-703(2)(e)(i). See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Package agency: means a retail liquor location operated:
    (a) under an agreement with the department; and
    (b) by a person:
    (i) other than the state; and
    (ii) who is authorized by the commission in accordance with 6, to sell packaged liquor for consumption off the premises of the package agency. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Parcel: means any real property that is not a lot. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
  • Patron: means an individual to whom food, beverages, or services are sold, offered for sale, or furnished, or who consumes an alcoholic product including:
    (a) a customer;
    (b) a member;
    (c) a guest;
    (d) an attendee of a banquet or event;
    (e) an individual who receives room service;
    (f) a resident of a resort; or
    (g) a hospitality guest, as defined in Section 32B-6-1002, under a hospitality amenity license. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Person: means an individual, corporation, partnership, organization, association, trust, governmental agency, or any other legal entity. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • Person: means :Utah Code 68-3-12.5
  • Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
  • Plat: means an instrument subdividing property into lots as depicted on a map or other graphical representation of lands that a licensed professional land surveyor makes and prepares in accordance with Section 17-27a-603 or 57-8-13. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • Premises: means a building, enclosure, or room used in connection with the storage, sale, furnishing, consumption, manufacture, or distribution, of an alcoholic product, unless otherwise defined in this title or rules made by the commission. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • present sale: means a sale which is accomplished by the making of the contract. See Utah Code 70A-2-106
  • Principal license: means :
    (a) a resort license;
    (b) a hotel license; or
    (c) an arena license. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Process: means a writ or summons issued in the course of a judicial proceeding. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
  • Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
  • Public hearing: means a hearing at which members of the public are provided a reasonable opportunity to comment on the subject of the hearing. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • Public meeting: means a meeting that is required to be open to the public under Title 52, Chapter 4, Open and Public Meetings Act. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • Public street: means a public right-of-way, including a public highway, public avenue, public boulevard, public parkway, public road, public lane, public alley, public viaduct, public subway, public tunnel, public bridge, public byway, other public transportation easement, or other public way. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • real property: includes :Utah Code 68-3-12.5
  • Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
  • Reception center: means a business that:
    (a) operates facilities that are at least 5,000 square feet; and
    (b) has as its primary purpose the leasing of the facilities described in Subsection (101)(a) to a third party for the third party's event. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Record: includes :
    (i) a book;
    (ii) a book of account;
    (iii) a paper;
    (iv) a contract;
    (v) an agreement;
    (vi) a document; or
    (vii) a recording in any medium. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Record of survey map: means a map of a survey of land prepared in accordance with Section 10-9a-603, 17-23-17, 17-27a-603, or 57-8-13. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • Registrant: means :
    (i) the person to whom the registration of a mark under this chapter is issued; and
    (ii) a legal representative, successor, or assign of a person described in Subsection (1)(f)(i). See Utah Code 70-3a-103
  • Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
  • Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
  • Resort: means the same as that term is defined in Section 32B-8-102. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Responsible alcohol service plan: means a written set of policies and procedures that outlines measures to prevent employees from:
    (a) over-serving alcoholic beverages to customers;
    (b) serving alcoholic beverages to customers who are actually, apparently, or obviously intoxicated; and
    (c) serving alcoholic beverages to minors. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Restaurant: means a business location:
    (a) at which a variety of foods are prepared;
    (b) at which complete meals are served; and
    (c) that is engaged primarily in serving meals. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Restaurant license: means one of the following licenses issued under this title:
    (a) a full-service restaurant license;
    (b) a limited-service restaurant license; or
    (c) a beer-only restaurant license. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Retail license: means one of the following licenses issued under this title:
    (a) a full-service restaurant license;
    (b) a master full-service restaurant license;
    (c) a limited-service restaurant license;
    (d) a master limited-service restaurant license;
    (e) a bar establishment license;
    (f) an airport lounge license;
    (g) an on-premise banquet license;
    (h) an on-premise beer license;
    (i) a reception center license;
    (j) a beer-only restaurant license;
    (k) a hospitality amenity license;
    (l) a resort license;
    (m) a hotel license; or
    (n) an arena license. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Sanitary sewer authority: means the department, agency, or public entity with responsibility to review and approve the feasibility of sanitary sewer services or onsite wastewater systems. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • Secondary flavoring ingredient: means any spirituous liquor added to a beverage for additional flavoring that is different in type, flavor, or brand from the primary spirituous liquor in the beverage. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Seller: means a person who sells or contracts to sell goods. See Utah Code 70A-2-103
  • Serve: means to place an alcoholic product before an individual. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • service mark: means :
    (A) a word, term, name, symbol, design, or device; or
    (B) any combination of words, terms, names, symbols, designs, or devices. See Utah Code 70-3a-103
  • Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
  • Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
  • Shared seating area: means the licensed premises of two or more restaurant licensees that the restaurant licensees share as an area for alcoholic beverage consumption in accordance with Subsection 32B-5-207(3). See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Signature: includes a name, mark, or sign written with the intent to authenticate an instrument or writing. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
  • Spirituous liquor: includes an alcoholic product defined as a "distilled spirit" by 27 U. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Staff: includes :
    (i) an officer;
    (ii) a director;
    (iii) an employee;
    (iv) personnel management;
    (v) an agent of the licensee, including a managing agent;
    (vi) an operator; or
    (vii) a representative. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • State store: means a facility for the sale of packaged liquor:
    (i) located on premises owned or leased by the state; and
    (ii) operated by a state employee. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
  • Storage area: means an area on licensed premises where the licensee stores an alcoholic product. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Store: means to place or maintain in a location an alcoholic product. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Subdivision: includes :
    (i) the division or development of land, whether by deed, metes and bounds description, devise and testacy, map, plat, or other recorded instrument, regardless of whether the division includes all or a portion of a parcel or lot; and
    (ii) except as provided in Subsection (70)(c), divisions of land for residential and nonresidential uses, including land used or to be used for commercial, agricultural, and industrial purposes. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • Subdivision amendment: means an amendment to a recorded subdivision in accordance with Section 17-27a-608 that:
    (i) vacates all or a portion of the subdivision;
    (ii) alters the outside boundary of the subdivision;
    (iii) changes the number of lots within the subdivision;
    (iv) alters a public right-of-way, a public easement, or public infrastructure within the subdivision; or
    (v) alters a common area or other common amenity within the subdivision. See Utah Code 17-27a-103
  • Sublicense: means :
    (a) any of the following licenses issued as a subordinate license to, and contingent on the issuance of, a principal license:
    (i) a full-service restaurant license;
    (ii) a limited-service restaurant license;
    (iii) a bar establishment license;
    (iv) an on-premise banquet license;
    (v) an on-premise beer retailer license;
    (vi) a beer-only restaurant license; or
    (vii) a hospitality amenity license; or
    (b) a spa sublicense. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Tavern: means an on-premise beer retailer who is:
    (a) issued a license by the commission in accordance with Chapter 5, Retail License Act, and 7; and
    (b) designated by the commission as a tavern in accordance with 7. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
  • Trade name: means any name used by a person to identify a business or vocation of that person. See Utah Code 70-3a-103
  • trademark: means :
    (A) a word, term, name, symbol, design, or device; or
    (B) any combination of words, terms, names, symbols, designs, or devices. See Utah Code 70-3a-103
  • Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
  • Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
  • Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. Source: OCC
  • United States: includes each state, district, and territory of the United States of America. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
  • Use: means the bona fide use of a mark in the ordinary course of trade, and not made merely to reserve a right in a mark. See Utah Code 70-3a-103
  • Vessel: when used with reference to shipping, includes a steamboat, canal boat, and every structure adapted to be navigated from place to place. See Utah Code 68-3-12.5
  • Wine: includes :
    (i) an alcoholic beverage defined as wine under 27 U. See Utah Code 32B-1-102
  • Writing: includes :Utah Code 68-3-12.5