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Virginia Code > Title 38.2 > Chapter 13 > Article 5 – Insurance Holding Companies

§ 38.2-1322 Definitions
§ 38.2-1323 Acquisition of control of insurers
§ 38.2-1324 Contents of application
§ 38.2-1325 Alternate filing materials
§ 38.2-1326 Approval by Commission
§ 38.2-1327 Time for hearing; order of Commission
§ 38.2-1328 Exemption
§ 38.2-1329 Registration of insurers that are members of holding company system
§ 38.2-1330 Standards for transactions within an insurance holding company system; adequacy of surplus
§ 38.2-1330.1 Dividends and other distributions
§ 38.2-1332 Examinations
§ 38.2-1332.1 Supervisory colleges
§ 38.2-1332.2 Group-wide supervision of internationally active insurance groups
§ 38.2-1333 Confidential treatment of information and documents
§ 38.2-1334 Revocation, suspension, or nonrenewal of insurer’s license
§ 38.2-1334.1 Voting of securities, injunctions, and sequestration of voting securities
§ 38.2-1334.2 Recovery
§ 38.2-1334.2:1 Rules and regulations
§ 38.2-1334.2:2 Sanctions
§ 38.2-1334.2:3 Statutory construction and relationship to other laws

Terms Used In Virginia Code > Title 38.2 > Chapter 13 > Article 5 - Insurance Holding Companies

  • Acquiring person: means any person by whom or on whose behalf acquisition of control of any domestic insurer is to be effected. See Virginia Code 38.2-1322
  • Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
  • Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
  • Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. Source: OCC
  • Beneficiary: means a person that receives property under a transfer on death deed. See Virginia Code 64.2-621
  • Beneficiary: means a person that (i) has a present or future, vested or contingent, beneficial interest in a trust; (ii) holds a power of appointment over trust property; or (iii) is an identified charitable organization that will or may receive distributions under the terms of the trust. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Bureau of Insurance: means the division of the Commission established to administer the insurance laws of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • business of insurance: include solicitation, negotiations preliminary to execution, execution of an insurance contract, and the transaction of matters subsequent to execution of the contract and arising out of it. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Charitable organization: means (i) a person, other than an individual, organized and operated exclusively for charitable purposes or (ii) a government or governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality, to the extent that it holds funds exclusively for a charitable purpose. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Charitable trust: means a trust, or portion of a trust, created for a charitable purpose described in § 64. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Commission: means the State Corporation Commission. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Commissioner of Insurance: means the administrative or executive officer of the Bureau. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
  • Company: means any association, aggregate of individuals, business, corporation, individual, joint-stock company, Lloyds type of organization, organization, partnership, receiver, reciprocal or interinsurance exchange, trustee or society. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
  • Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
  • Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
  • Court: means the court of the Commonwealth having jurisdiction in matters related to trusts. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
  • Designated beneficiary: means a person designated to receive property in a transfer on death deed. See Virginia Code 64.2-621
  • Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
  • Enterprise risk: means any activity, circumstance, event, or series of events involving one or more affiliates of an insurer that, if not remedied promptly, is likely to have a material adverse effect upon the financial condition or liquidity of the insurer or its insurance holding company system as a whole, including, but not limited to, anything that would cause the insurer's risk-based capital to fall into company action level as set forth in § 38. See Virginia Code 38.2-1322
  • Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. Source: U.S. Courts
  • Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
  • Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
  • Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
  • Framework: means an NAIC publication that includes a history of the NAIC's development of regulatory liquidity stress testing, the scope criteria applicable for a specific data year, and the liquidity stress test instructions and reporting templates for a specific data year, as adopted by the NAIC and amended by the NAIC from time to time in accordance with the procedures adopted by the NAIC. See Virginia Code 38.2-1322
  • Group-wide supervisor: means the regulatory official authorized to engage in conducting and coordinating group-wide supervision activities who is determined or acknowledged by the Commission under § 38. See Virginia Code 38.2-1322
  • in writing: include any representation of words, letters, symbols, numbers, or figures, whether (i) printed or inscribed on a tangible medium or (ii) stored in an electronic or other medium and retrievable in a perceivable form and whether an electronic signature authorized by Chapter 42. See Virginia Code 1-257
  • Includes: means includes, but not limited to. See Virginia Code 1-218
  • Insurance company: means any company engaged in the business of making contracts of insurance. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Insurance holding company system: means two or more affiliated persons, one or more of which is an insurer. See Virginia Code 38.2-1322
  • insurance policies: shall include contracts of fidelity, indemnity, guaranty and suretyship. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Insurer: means an insurance company as defined in § 38. See Virginia Code 38.2-1322
  • Inter vivos: Transfer of property from one living person to another living person.
  • Interests of the beneficiaries: means the beneficial interests provided in the terms of the trust. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Internationally active insurance group: means an insurance holding company system that includes an insurer registered under § 38. See Virginia Code 38.2-1322
  • Joint owner: includes a joint tenant with the right of survivorship and tenant by the entirety with the right of survivorship. See Virginia Code 64.2-621
  • Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
  • Lead state commissioner: means the insurance commissioner, director, or superintendent of the lead state of the insurance holding company system as determined by the Financial Analysis Handbook adopted by the NAIC. See Virginia Code 38.2-1322
  • Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). Source: OCC
  • Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
  • Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
  • Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
  • Material transaction: means (i) any sale, purchase, exchange, loan or extension of credit, or investment; (ii) any dividend or distribution; (iii) any reinsurance treaty or risk-sharing arrangement; (iv) any management contract, service contract or cost-sharing arrangement; (v) any merger with or acquisition of control of any corporation; or (vi) any other transaction or agreement that the Commission by order, rule or regulation determines to be material. See Virginia Code 38.2-1322
  • Month: means a calendar month and "year" means a calendar year. See Virginia Code 1-223
  • NAIC: means the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. See Virginia Code 38.2-1322
  • Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
  • Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
  • Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
  • Person: means any association, aggregate of individuals, business, company, corporation, individual, joint-stock company, Lloyds type of organization, organization, partnership, receiver, reciprocal or interinsurance exchange, trustee or society. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Person: means an individual; estate; business or nonprofit entity; government; governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality; public corporation; or other legal entity. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Probate: Proving a will
  • Process: includes subpoenas, the summons and complaint in a civil action, and process in statutory actions. See Virginia Code 1-237
  • Property: means an interest in real property located in the Commonwealth that is transferable on the death of the owner. See Virginia Code 64.2-621
  • Property: means anything that may be the subject of ownership, whether real or personal, legal or equitable, or any interest therein. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Qualified beneficiary: means a beneficiary who, on the date the beneficiary's qualification is determined, (i) is a distributee or permissible distributee of trust income or principal; (ii) would be a distributee or permissible distributee of trust income or principal if the interests of the distributees described in clause (i) terminated on that date without causing the trust to terminate; or (iii) would be a distributee or permissible distributee of trust income or principal if the trust terminated on that date. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
  • Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
  • Reciprocal: means the aggregation of subscribers under a common name. See Virginia Code 38.2-1201
  • Right of offset: Banks' legal right to seize funds that a guarantor or debtor may have on deposit to cover a loan in default. It is also known as the right of set-off. Source: OCC
  • Right of survivorship: The ownership rights that result in the acquisition of title to property by reason of having survived other co-owners.
  • Scope criteria: means the designated exposure bases along with minimum magnitudes thereof for the specified data year, used to establish a preliminary list of insurers considered scoped into the NAIC Liquidity Stress Test Framework for that data year. See Virginia Code 38.2-1322
  • SEC: means the U. See Virginia Code 38.2-1322
  • Sequester: To separate. Sometimes juries are sequestered from outside influences during their deliberations.
  • Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
  • Spendthrift provision: means a term of a trust that restrains both voluntary and involuntary transfer of a beneficiary's interest. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • State: means any commonwealth, state, territory, district or insular possession of the United States. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
  • Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
  • Surplus to policyholders: means the excess of total admitted assets over the liabilities of an insurer, and shall be the sum of all capital and surplus accounts, including any voluntary reserves, minus any impairment of all capital and surplus accounts. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Terms of a trust: means :

    1. See Virginia Code 64.2-701

  • Testify: Answer questions in court.
  • Transfer on death deed: means a deed or conveyance of a cooperative interest authorized under this article. See Virginia Code 64.2-621
  • Transferor: means an individual who makes a transfer on death deed. See Virginia Code 64.2-621
  • Trust director: means a person that is granted a power of direction by the terms of a trust to the extent the power is exercisable while the person is not serving as a trustee. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
  • Trustee: includes an original, additional, and successor trustee and a cotrustee. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Ultimate controlling person: means the person that is not controlled by any other person. See Virginia Code 38.2-1322
  • under common control with: means direct or indirect possession of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a person, through (i) the ownership of voting securities, (ii) by contract other than a commercial contract for goods or nonmanagement services, or (iii) otherwise, unless the power is the result of an official position with or corporate office held by the person. See Virginia Code 38.2-1322
  • United States: includes the 50 states, the District of Columbia the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and the United States Virgin Islands. See Virginia Code 1-255
  • Voting security: includes any security convertible into or evidencing a right to acquire a voting security. See Virginia Code 38.2-1322

Virginia Code > Title 38.2 > Chapter 13 > Article 5 – 1. Risk Management Framework; Own Risk and Solvency Assessments

§ 38.2-1334.3 Definitions
§ 38.2-1334.4 Risk management framework
§ 38.2-1334.5 ORSA requirement
§ 38.2-1334.6 ORSA summary report
§ 38.2-1334.7 Scope of article; exemption
§ 38.2-1334.8 Contents of ORSA summary report
§ 38.2-1334.9 Confidentiality
§ 38.2-1334.10 Sanctions

Terms Used In Virginia Code > Title 38.2 > Chapter 13 > Article 5 - 1. Risk Management Framework; Own Risk and Solvency Assessments

  • Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
  • Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
  • Attorney-at-law: A person who is legally qualified and licensed to practice law, and to represent and act for clients in legal proceedings.
  • Charitable trust: means a trust, or portion of a trust, created for a charitable purpose described in § 64. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • City: means an independent incorporated community which became a city as provided by law before noon on July 1, 1971, or which has within defined boundaries a population of 5,000 or more and which has become a city as provided by law. See Virginia Code 1-208
  • Commission: means the State Corporation Commission. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
  • Company: means any association, aggregate of individuals, business, corporation, individual, joint-stock company, Lloyds type of organization, organization, partnership, receiver, reciprocal or interinsurance exchange, trustee or society. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
  • Conservator: means a person appointed by the court to administer the estate of an adult individual. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
  • Court: means the court of the Commonwealth having jurisdiction in matters related to trusts. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Decedent: A deceased person.
  • Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
  • Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
  • General power of appointment: means a power of appointment exercisable in favor of a powerholder, the powerholder's estate, a creditor of the powerholder, or a creditor of the powerholder's estate. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
  • Guardian: means a person appointed by the court to make decisions regarding the support, care, education, health, and welfare of a minor or adult individual. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Guardian of the estate: means a person appointed by the court to administer the estate of a minor. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • in writing: include any representation of words, letters, symbols, numbers, or figures, whether (i) printed or inscribed on a tangible medium or (ii) stored in an electronic or other medium and retrievable in a perceivable form and whether an electronic signature authorized by Chapter 42. See Virginia Code 1-257
  • Includes: means includes, but not limited to. See Virginia Code 1-218
  • Insurance company: means any company engaged in the business of making contracts of insurance. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Insurance group: means those insurers and affiliates included within an insurance holding company system as defined in § 38. See Virginia Code 38.2-1334.3
  • Insurer: means an insurance company as defined in § 38. See Virginia Code 38.2-1334.3
  • Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
  • NAIC: means the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. See Virginia Code 38.2-1334.3
  • ORSA: means a confidential internal assessment, appropriate to the nature, scale, and complexity of an insurer or insurance group, conducted by that insurer or insurance group, of the material and relevant risks associated with the insurer or insurance group's current business plan, and the sufficiency of capital resources to support those risks. See Virginia Code 38.2-1334.3
  • ORSA Guidance Manual: means the current version of the NAIC Own Risk and Solvency Assessment (ORSA) Guidance Manual developed and adopted by the NAIC and as amended from time to time. See Virginia Code 38.2-1334.3
  • ORSA summary report: means a confidential high-level summary of an insurer or insurance group's ORSA. See Virginia Code 38.2-1334.3
  • Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
  • Person: means any association, aggregate of individuals, business, company, corporation, individual, joint-stock company, Lloyds type of organization, organization, partnership, receiver, reciprocal or interinsurance exchange, trustee or society. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Person: means an individual; estate; business or nonprofit entity; government; governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality; public corporation; or other legal entity. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Personal representative: includes the executor of a will or the administrator of the estate of a decedent, the administrator of such estate with the will annexed, the administrator of such estate unadministered by a former representative, whether there is a will or not, any person who is under the order of a circuit court to take into his possession the estate of a decedent for administration, and every other curator of a decedent's estate, for or against whom suits may be brought for causes of action that accrued to or against the decedent. See Virginia Code 1-234
  • Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
  • Power of appointment: means a power that enables a powerholder acting in a nonfiduciary capacity to designate a recipient of an ownership interest in or another power of appointment over the appointive property. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. Source: OCC
  • Probate: Proving a will
  • Process: includes subpoenas, the summons and complaint in a civil action, and process in statutory actions. See Virginia Code 1-237
  • Property: means anything that may be the subject of ownership, whether real or personal, legal or equitable, or any interest therein. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • real estate: includes lands, tenements and hereditaments, and all rights and appurtenances thereto and interests therein, other than a chattel interest. See Virginia Code 1-219
  • Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Settlor: except as otherwise provided in § 64. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • State: means any commonwealth, state, territory, district or insular possession of the United States. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
  • Supreme Court: means the Supreme Court of Virginia. See Virginia Code 1-249
  • Testify: Answer questions in court.
  • Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
  • Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
  • Trustee: includes an original, additional, and successor trustee and a cotrustee. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • United States: includes the 50 states, the District of Columbia the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and the United States Virgin Islands. See Virginia Code 1-255

Virginia Code > Title 38.2 > Chapter 13 > Article 5 – 2. Corporate Governance Annual Disclosures

§ 38.2-1334.11 Definitions
§ 38.2-1334.12 Disclosure requirement
§ 38.2-1334.13 Contents of Corporate Governance Annual Disclosure
§ 38.2-1334.14 Confidentiality
§ 38.2-1334.15 NAIC and third-party consultants
§ 38.2-1334.16 Rules and regulations
§ 38.2-1334.17 Sanctions

Terms Used In Virginia Code > Title 38.2 > Chapter 13 > Article 5 - 2. Corporate Governance Annual Disclosures

  • Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
  • Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. Source: OCC
  • Beneficiary: means a person that (i) has a present or future, vested or contingent, beneficial interest in a trust; (ii) holds a power of appointment over trust property; or (iii) is an identified charitable organization that will or may receive distributions under the terms of the trust. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • CGAD: means a confidential report filed by the insurer or insurance group made in accordance with the requirements of this article. See Virginia Code 38.2-1334.11
  • Charitable purpose: means the relief of poverty, the advancement of education or religion, the promotion of health, a municipal or other governmental purpose, or another purpose the achievement of which is beneficial to the community. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Charitable trust: means a trust, or portion of a trust, created for a charitable purpose described in § 64. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Commission: means the State Corporation Commission. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Commissioner: means the chief insurance regulatory official of a state, however designated. See Virginia Code 38.2-1334.11
  • Company: means any association, aggregate of individuals, business, corporation, individual, joint-stock company, Lloyds type of organization, organization, partnership, receiver, reciprocal or interinsurance exchange, trustee or society. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Court: means the court of the Commonwealth having jurisdiction in matters related to trusts. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
  • Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
  • Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
  • in writing: include any representation of words, letters, symbols, numbers, or figures, whether (i) printed or inscribed on a tangible medium or (ii) stored in an electronic or other medium and retrievable in a perceivable form and whether an electronic signature authorized by Chapter 42. See Virginia Code 1-257
  • Includes: means includes, but not limited to. See Virginia Code 1-218
  • Insurance company: means any company engaged in the business of making contracts of insurance. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Insurance group: means those insurers and affiliates included within an insurance holding company system as defined in § 38. See Virginia Code 38.2-1334.11
  • Insurer: means an insurance company as defined in § 38. See Virginia Code 38.2-1334.11
  • Inter vivos: Transfer of property from one living person to another living person.
  • Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
  • NAIC: means the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. See Virginia Code 38.2-1334.11
  • Person: means any association, aggregate of individuals, business, company, corporation, individual, joint-stock company, Lloyds type of organization, organization, partnership, receiver, reciprocal or interinsurance exchange, trustee or society. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Person: means an individual; estate; business or nonprofit entity; government; governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality; public corporation; or other legal entity. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. Source: OCC
  • Process: includes subpoenas, the summons and complaint in a civil action, and process in statutory actions. See Virginia Code 1-237
  • Property: means anything that may be the subject of ownership, whether real or personal, legal or equitable, or any interest therein. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Settlor: except as otherwise provided in § 64. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • State: means any commonwealth, state, territory, district or insular possession of the United States. See Virginia Code 38.2-100
  • Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
  • Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
  • Testify: Answer questions in court.
  • Trust instrument: means a record executed by the settlor to create a trust or by any person to create a second trust that contains some or all of the terms of the trust, including any amendments. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
  • Trustee: includes an original, additional, and successor trustee and a cotrustee. See Virginia Code 64.2-701
  • United States: includes the 50 states, the District of Columbia the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and the United States Virgin Islands. See Virginia Code 1-255