Virginia Code > Title 5.1 > Chapter 1 – Aircraft, Airmen and Airports Generally

		Sections
Article 1	General Provisions	5.1-1 – 5.1-12
Article 2	Illegal Operation, Etc.; Procedure; Penalties	5.1-13 – 5.1-25
Article 3	Structures Dangerous to Aircraft	5.1-25.1 – 5.1-25.4

Terms Used In Virginia Code > Title 5.1 > Chapter 1 - Aircraft, Airmen and Airports Generally

Abandonment: means that the public's right to use a public highway, public landing, or public crossing has been extinguished. See Virginia Code 33.2-900
Abstract of judgment: In a federal criminal proceeding, A certification from a U.S. District Court clerk that a judgment of restitution was entered against the defendant owing to the victim. If the defendant inherits, owns, or sells real property or holdings, these assets can then be attached at the state and local levels as well.
Acceptable release rate: means a measured release rate not to exceed 4. See Virginia Code 3.2-3935
Act: means the Communications Act of 1934. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Active ingredient: means (in the case of a pesticide other than a plant regulator, defoliant, desiccant, or anti-desiccant) an ingredient that will prevent, destroy, repel, or mitigate insects, fungi, rodents, weeds, or other pests. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Adjourn: A motion to adjourn a legislative chamber or a committee, if passed, ends that day's session.
Adjournment sine die: The end of a legislative session "without day." These adjournments are used to indicate the final adjournment of an annual or the two-year session of legislature.
Adjusted crime index: means the potential crime rate for a locality multiplied by the base year population of the locality as estimated by the Center for Public Service. See Virginia Code 9.1-165
Administration of criminal justice: means performance of any activity directly involving the detection, apprehension, detention, pretrial release, post-trial release, prosecution, adjudication, correctional supervision, or rehabilitation of accused persons or criminal offenders or the collection, storage, and dissemination of criminal history record information. See Virginia Code 9.1-101
Adult: means a person 18 years of age or more. See Virginia Code 1-203
Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.
Agency: means any authority, instrumentality, officer, board or other unit of the state government empowered by the basic laws to make regulations or decide cases. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
Agency action: means either an agency's regulation or case decision or both, any violation, compliance, or noncompliance with which could be a basis for the imposition of injunctive orders, penal or civil sanctions of any kind, or the grant or denial of relief or of a license, right, or benefit by any agency or court. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
Agent: means a person who is a licensed bail bondsman who has been given power of attorney to act on the behalf of a licensed property bail bondsman. See Virginia Code 9.1-185
Agreement: means the agreement or agreements between the Commonwealth, as seller of the Tobacco Assets, and the Corporation, as purchaser of the Tobacco Assets. See Virginia Code 3.2-3100
Agricultural commodity: means any plant or part thereof, animal, or animal product, produced by a person (including farmers, ranchers, vineyardists, plant propagators, Christmas tree growers, aquaculturists, floriculturists, orchardists, foresters, nurserymen, wood treaters not for hire, or other comparable persons) primarily for sale, consumption, propagation, or other use by man or animals. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Agricultural seed: means seeds of grass, forage, cereal, and fiber crops; any other seed commonly recognized as agricultural seed; and any lawn seed, turf seed, and mixtures thereof (including any noxious-weed seeds that may be present). See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Air navigation facility: means any airport ground or air navigation facility, other than one owned and operated by the United States, used in, available for use in, or designed for use in aid of air navigation, including any structures, buildings, mechanisms, lights, beacons, markers, communicating systems, or other instrumentalities or devices, and any combination of any or all of such facilities, used or useful as an aid, or constituting any advantage or convenience, to the safe taking off, navigation, and landing of aircraft; in the safe and efficient operation or maintenance of an airport; in the safe, efficient and convenient handling or processing of aviation passengers, mail or cargo; or in the servicing or maintenance of aircraft or ground equipment. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
Air pollution: means the presence in the outdoor atmosphere of one or more substances which are or may be harmful or injurious to human health, welfare or safety, to animal or plant life, or to property, or which unreasonably interfere with the enjoyment by the people of life or property. See Virginia Code 10.1-1300
Aircraft: means any contrivance now known, or hereafter invented, used, or designed for navigation of or flight in the air, including a balloon or other contrivance designed for maneuvering in airspace at an altitude greater than 24 inches above ground or water level, except that any contrivance now or hereafter invented of fixed or flexible wing design, operating without the assistance of any motor, engine, or other mechanical propulsive device, which is designed to utilize the feet and legs of the operator or operators as the sole means of initiating and sustaining forward motion during the launch and of providing the point of contact with the ground upon landing and commonly called a "hang glider" shall not be included within this definition. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
Airman: means any individual, including the person in command and any pilot, mechanic, or member of the crew, who engages in the navigation of aircraft while under way within Virginia airspace; any individual who is directly in charge of the inspection, maintenance, overhauling, or repair of aircraft, aircraft engines, propellers, or accessories; and any individual who serves in the capacity of aircraft dispatcher. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
Airport: means any area of land or water which is used, or intended for public use, for the landing and takeoff of aircraft, and any appurtenant areas that are used, or intended for use, for airport buildings or other airport facilities or rights-of-way, easements and together with all airport buildings and facilities located thereon. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
Airport hazard: means any structure, object or natural growth, or use of land that obstructs the airspace required for the flight of aircraft in landing or taking off at an airport or is otherwise hazardous to such landing or taking off of aircraft. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
Alarm respondent: means an individual who responds to the signal of an alarm for the purpose of detecting an intrusion of the home, business or property of the end user. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Allegation: something that someone says happened.
Alteration: means changes to an impounding structure that could alter or affect its structural integrity. See Virginia Code 10.1-604
Amortization: Paying off a loan by regular installments.
Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year.
Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
Appraisal: A determination of property value.
Armed: means a private security registrant who carries or has immediate access to a firearm in the performance of his duties. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Armed security officer: means a natural person employed to (i) safeguard and protect persons and property or (ii) deter theft, loss, or concealment of any tangible or intangible personal property on the premises he is contracted to protect, and who carries or has access to a firearm in the performance of his duties. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Armored car personnel: means persons who transport or offer to transport under armed security from one place to another, money, negotiable instruments or other valuables in a specially equipped motor vehicle with a high degree of security and certainty of delivery. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Articles of incorporation: means all documents constituting, at any particular time, the charter of a corporation. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Assisted conception: means a pregnancy resulting from any intervening medical technology, whether in vivo or in vitro, which completely or partially replaces sexual intercourse as the means of conception. See Virginia Code 20-156
Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
Attorney-at-law: A person who is legally qualified and licensed to practice law, and to represent and act for clients in legal proceedings.
Attorney-in-fact: A person who, acting as an agent, is given written authorization by another person to transact business for him (her) out of court.
Authority: means the Virginia Resources Authority created in Chapter 21 of Title 62. See Virginia Code 3.2-3112
Authority: means the Virginia Resources Authority created in Chapter 21 of Title 62. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.28
Authority: means the Opioid Abatement Authority. See Virginia Code 2.2-2365
Authorized condemnor: means a condemnor that is specifically authorized by law to acquire property through the use of the procedure set forth in this chapter. See Virginia Code 25.1-300
Authorized shares: means the shares of all classes a domestic or foreign corporation is authorized to issue. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
Bail bondsman: means any person who is licensed by the Department who engages in the business of bail bonding and is thereby authorized to conduct business in all courts of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 9.1-185
Bailee: means a person who has been released on bail, and who is or has been subject to a bond, as defined in § 19. See Virginia Code 9.1-186
Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
Base year: means the most recent fiscal year for which comparable data are available for: (i) population estimates by the Center for Public Service or the United States Bureau of the Census, adjusted for annexation as determined by the Department, (ii) actual state expenditures for salaries and expenses of sheriffs as reported by the Compensation Board, (iii) number of persons eligible for Temporary Assistance to Needy Families as defined in § 63. See Virginia Code 9.1-165
Baseline: Projection of the receipts, outlays, and other budget amounts that would ensue in the future without any change in existing policy. Baseline projections are used to gauge the extent to which proposed legislation, if enacted into law, would alter current spending and revenue levels.
basic laws: means provisions of the Constitution and statutes of the Commonwealth authorizing an agency to make regulations or decide cases or containing procedural requirements therefor. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
Beneficial shareholder: means a person that owns the beneficial interest in shares, which may be a record shareholder or a person on whose behalf shares are registered in the name of an intermediary as nominee. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Bequest: Property gifted by will.
Blend: means a mechanical combination of varieties of the same kind that is identified by a blend designation and is always present in the same percentages in each lot so designated. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Board: means the Virginia Spirits Board. See Virginia Code 3.2-3007
Board: means the State Board of Elections. See Virginia Code 24.2-101
Board: means the Soil and Water Conservation Board. See Virginia Code 10.1-604
Board: means the State Air Pollution Control Board. See Virginia Code 10.1-1300
Board: means the Virginia Soil and Water Conservation Board. See Virginia Code 10.1-636
Board: means the Criminal Justice Services Board. See Virginia Code 9.1-101
Board: means the Board of Conservation and Recreation. See Virginia Code 10.1-705
Board: means the Criminal Justice Services Board. See Virginia Code 9.1-185
Board: means the Virginia Aviation Board. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
Board: means the Board of Housing and Community Development. See Virginia Code 27-95
Board of supervisors: means the governing body of a county. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Body determining just compensation: means a panel of commissioners empaneled pursuant to § 25. See Virginia Code 25.1-100
Body-worn camera system: means the same as that term is defined in § 15. See Virginia Code 9.1-193
Bond with surety: includes the payment in cash of the full amount of the required bond and, in such case, no surety shall be required. See Virginia Code 1-205
Business: means any type of corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, or sole proprietorship operated for profit. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
Cable operator: means any person or group of persons that (i) provides cable service over a cable system and directly or through one or more affiliates owns a significant interest in such cable system or (ii) otherwise controls or is responsible for, through any arrangement, the management and operation of a cable system. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Cable service: means the one-way transmission to subscribers of (i) video programming or (ii) other programming service, and subscriber interaction, if any, which is required for the selection or use of such video programming or other programming service. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Cable television service: means (i) the one-way transmission to subscribers of video programming or other programming service; and (ii) subscriber interaction, if any, that is required for the selection or use of the video programming or other programming service. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
Capital costs: means all costs of providing a service that are capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
Case law: The law as laid down in cases that have been decided in the decisions of the courts.
Central absentee voter precinct: means a precinct established pursuant to § 24. See Virginia Code 24.2-101
Central station dispatcher: means an individual who monitors burglar alarm signal devices, burglar alarms or any other electrical, mechanical or electronic device used (i) to prevent or detect burglary, theft, shoplifting, pilferage or similar losses; (ii) to prevent or detect intrusion; or (iii) primarily to summon aid for other emergencies. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Certificate: means the document issued to a certified applicator or registered technician who has completed all the requirements of Article 3. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Certificate: means a certificate issued by a judge on or before June 30, 2005, pursuant to former § 19. See Virginia Code 9.1-185
Certificate: includes a certificate of deposit and a certificate of take. See Virginia Code 25.1-300
Certificate of deposit: means a certificate filed by an authorized condemnor with the court wherein condemnation proceedings are pending or are to be instituted, stating that any sum or sums designated therein shall be paid pursuant to the order of the court, and which is filed in lieu of the payment of funds into court as provided in subdivision A 2 of § 25. See Virginia Code 25.1-300
Certificate of take: means a certificate recorded by an authorized condemnor with the court wherein condemnation proceedings are pending or are to be instituted, in connection with which the authorized condemnor has deposited funds with the court as provided in subdivision A 1 of § 25. See Virginia Code 25.1-300
Certification: means the method of regulation indicating that qualified persons have met the minimum requirements as private security services training schools, private security services instructors, compliance agents, or certified detector canine handler examiners. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
certified: means the recognition granted by the Board to an applicator who has completed all the requirements of Article 3. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Certified applicator: means a person who: (i) has satisfactorily completed the Board requirements for certification as a commercial applicator, registered technician, or private applicator; and (ii) has been issued a valid certificate. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
certified mail: means electronically certified or postal certified mail, except that this provision shall apply only to the mailing of plan approvals, permits, or certificates issued under the provisions of this chapter and those of the Air Pollution Control Law (§ 10. See Virginia Code 10.1-1183
Certified prescribed burn manager: means any person who has successfully completed a certification process established by the State Forester under § 10. See Virginia Code 10.1-1150.1
Chambers: A judge's office.
Chief judge: The judge who has primary responsibility for the administration of a court but also decides cases; chief judges are determined by seniority.
Civil aircraft: means any aircraft other than a public aircraft. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
Civil forfeiture: The loss of ownership of property used to conduct illegal activity.
Clerk of court: An officer appointed by the court to work with the chief judge in overseeing the court's administration, especially to assist in managing the flow of cases through the court and to maintain court records.
Code: means the Statewide Fire Prevention Code. See Virginia Code 27-95
Code provisions: means the provisions of the Fire Prevention Code as adopted and promulgated by the Board, and the amendments thereof as adopted and promulgated from time to time by such Board. See Virginia Code 27-95
Collaborative law communication: means a statement, whether oral or in a record, or verbal or nonverbal, that (i) is made to conduct, participate in, continue, or reconvene a collaborative law process and (ii) occurs after the parties sign a collaborative law participation agreement and before the collaborative law process is concluded. See Virginia Code 20-168
Collaborative law participation agreement: means an agreement by persons to participate in a collaborative law process. See Virginia Code 20-168
Collaborative law process: means a procedure intended to resolve a collaborative matter without intervention by a tribunal in which persons sign a collaborative law participation agreement and are represented by collaborative lawyers. See Virginia Code 20-168
Collaborative lawyer: means a lawyer who represents a party in a collaborative law process. See Virginia Code 20-168
Collaborative matter: means a dispute, transaction, claim, problem, or issue for resolution that is described in a collaborative law participation agreement and that is between family or household members or arises under the family or domestic relations laws of the Commonwealth, including (i) marriage, divorce, dissolution, annulment, and property distribution; (ii) child custody, visitation, and parenting time; (iii) alimony, spousal support, maintenance, and child support; (iv) adoption; (v) parentage; and (vi) negotiation or enforcement of premarital, marital, and separation agreements. See Virginia Code 20-168
Collegial body: means a governmental entity whose power or authority is vested within its membership. See Virginia Code 1-209
Commercial aircraft: means any civil aircraft used in flight activity for compensation or for hire. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
Commercial applicator: means any person who has completed the requirements for certification to use or supervise the use of any pesticide for any purpose or on any property other than as provided in the definition of private applicator. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Commercial boat yard: means any facility that engages for hire in the construction, storage, maintenance, repair or refurbishing of vessels (other than seaplanes) or any licensed independent marine maintenance contractor who engages in such activities. See Virginia Code 3.2-3935
Commission: means the Tobacco Region Revitalization Commission created pursuant to § 3. See Virginia Code 3.2-3100
Commission: means the Tobacco Region Revitalization Commission created pursuant to § 3. See Virginia Code 3.2-3112
Commission: means the State Corporation Commission of Virginia. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Commission: means the Public-Private Partnership Advisory Commission. See Virginia Code 30-278
Commission Allocation: means 50 percent of the annual amount received under the Master Settlement Agreement by the Commonwealth, or that would have been received but for a sale of such allocation pursuant to an agreement, between the commencing and ending dates specified in the agreement. See Virginia Code 3.2-3100
Commissioner of Highways: means the individual who serves as the chief executive officer of the Department of Transportation. See Virginia Code 33.2-100
Committee: means the Brown v. See Virginia Code 30-231.01
Commodity in package form: means any commodity packaged in any manner in advance of sale in units suitable for either wholesale or retail sale, exclusive of an auxiliary shipping container enclosing packages that individually conform to the requirements of this chapter. See Virginia Code 3.2-5600
Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
Community action agency: means a local subdivision of the Commonwealth, a combination of political subdivisions, a separate public agency or a private nonprofit agency that has the authority under its applicable charter or laws to receive funds to support community action activities and other appropriate measures designed to identify and deal with the causes of poverty in the Commonwealth, and that is designated as a community action agency by federal law, federal regulations or the Governor. See Virginia Code 2.2-5400
Community action statewide organization: means community action programs, organized on a statewide basis, to enhance the capability of community action agencies. See Virginia Code 2.2-5400
Community care team: means the same as that term is defined in § 37. See Virginia Code 9.1-193
Compensation: means payment of any valuable consideration for services in excess of reasonable medical and ancillary costs. See Virginia Code 20-156
Compliance agent: means an individual who owns or is employed by a licensed private security services business to ensure the compliance of the private security services business with this title. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Comprehensive agreement: means the same as the term is defined in the Public-Private Education Facilities and Infrastructure Act of 2002 (§ 56-575. See Virginia Code 30-278
Comprehensive crisis system: means the same as that term is defined in § 37. See Virginia Code 9.1-193
Computer or digital forensic services: means the use of highly specialized expertise for the recovery, authentication, and analysis of electronic data or computer usage. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Concurrent resolution: A legislative measure, designated "S. Con. Res." and numbered consecutively upon introduction, generally employed to address the sentiments of both chambers, to deal with issues or matters affecting both houses, such as a concurrent budget resolution, or to create a temporary joint committee. Concurrent resolutions are not submitted to the President/Governor and thus do not have the force of law.
condemnor: includes a state agency. See Virginia Code 25.1-100
Conditioning: means any process of cleaning, scarifying, treating, or blending seed that changes the purity or germination of the seed. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Conspicuous: means so written, displayed, or presented that a reasonable person against whom the writing is to operate should have noticed it. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Constitutional officer: means an officer provided for pursuant to Article VII, § 4 of the Constitution. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Construction: means the construction of a new impounding structure. See Virginia Code 10.1-604
Construction: means building, altering, repairing, improving or demolishing any structure, building or highway, and any draining, dredging, excavation, grading or similar work upon real property. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
Construction project: means any land-disturbing activity that involves construction of infrastructure, including interstate highways, pipelines, or energy generation and transmission facilities. See Virginia Code 10.1-1181.13
Continual accelerated erosion: means a rapid increase in the erosion rate of stream banks caused by loss of vegetation, diversion of water by constrictions, undermining, and other resultant effects of severe floods. See Virginia Code 10.1-650
Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
contract carrier: means any person not included under the definitions of "common carrier by aircraft" or "restricted common carrier by aircraft" as defined in § 5. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
Contractual services: means any telephone, telegraph, postal, electric light and power service and other similar services. See Virginia Code 15.2-1234
Corporate action: means any action taken by or on behalf of the corporation, including any action taken by the incorporator, the board of directors, a committee, an officer or agent of the corporation, or the shareholders. See Virginia Code 13.1-614.1
Corporation: means the Tobacco Settlement Financing Corporation as created under state law. See Virginia Code 3.2-3100
Correctional status information: means records and data concerning each condition of a convicted person's custodial status, including probation, confinement, work release, study release, escape, or termination of custody through expiration of sentence, parole, pardon, or court decision. See Virginia Code 9.1-101
Council: means the Virginia Conflict of Interest and Ethics Advisory Council established in § 30-355. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
Council: means the governing body of a city or town. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Counterclaim: A claim that a defendant makes against a plaintiff.
County: means any existing county or such unit hereafter created. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Courier: means any armed person who transports or offers to transport from one place to another documents or other papers, negotiable or nonnegotiable instruments, or other small items of value that require expeditious services. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Courts of record: means the Supreme Court of Virginia, the Court of Appeals of Virginia, and the circuit courts. See Virginia Code 1-212
Criminal history record information: means records and data collected by criminal justice agencies on adult individuals consisting of identifiable descriptions and notations of arrests, detentions, indictments, informations, or other formal charges, and any disposition arising therefrom. See Virginia Code 9.1-101
Criminal justice agency: includes any program certified by the Commission on VASAP pursuant to § 18. See Virginia Code 9.1-101
Criminal justice information system: means a system including the equipment, facilities, procedures, agreements, and organizations thereof, for the collection, processing, preservation, or dissemination of criminal history record information. See Virginia Code 9.1-101
Cross subsidize: means to pay a cost included in the direct costs or indirect costs of providing a service that is not accounted for in the full cost of accounting of providing the service. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
Cryopreservation: means freezing and storing of gametes and embryos for possible future use in assisted conception. See Virginia Code 20-156
Dam break inundation zone: means the area downstream of a dam that would be inundated or otherwise directly affected by the failure of a dam. See Virginia Code 10.1-604
Date of the defective corporate action: means the date, or the approximate date if the exact date is unknown, the defective corporate action was purported to have been taken. See Virginia Code 13.1-614.1
Date of valuation: means the time of the lawful taking by the petitioner, or the date of the filing of the petition pursuant to § 25. See Virginia Code 25.1-100
Decedent: A deceased person.
Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
Defective corporate action: means (i) any corporate action purportedly taken that is, and at the time such corporate action was purportedly taken would have been, within the power of the corporation, but is void or voidable due to a failure of authorization, or (ii) an over-issuance of shares. See Virginia Code 13.1-614.1
Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
Defense attorney: Represent defendants in criminal matters.
Defoliant: means any substance or mixture of substances intended for causing the leaves or foliage to drop from a plant, with or without causing abscission. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
delivery: means any method of delivery used in conventional commercial practice, including delivery by hand, mail, commercial delivery, and, if authorized in accordance with § 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Department: means the Department of Conservation and Recreation. See Virginia Code 10.1-100
Department: means the state agency headed by the Commissioner of Elections. See Virginia Code 24.2-101
Department: means the Department of Environmental Quality. See Virginia Code 10.1-1182
Department: means the Department of Environmental Quality. See Virginia Code 10.1-1300
Department: means the Department of Criminal Justice Services. See Virginia Code 9.1-101
Department: means the Department of Criminal Justice Services. See Virginia Code 9.1-185
Department: means the Department of Aviation. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.
Desiccant: means any substance or mixture of substances intended for artificially accelerating the drying of plant tissue. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Designated agency: means the agency designated by the Secretary of Health and Human Resources pursuant to § 2. See Virginia Code 2.2-5400
Detector canine: means any dog that detects drugs or explosives. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Detector canine handler: means any individual who uses a detector canine in the performance of private security duties. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
development: means the replenishment and restoration of existing public beaches. See Virginia Code 10.1-705
Developmental services: means the same as that term is defined in § 37. See Virginia Code 9.1-193
Device: means any instrument or contrivance intended for: (i) trapping, destroying, repelling, or mitigating insects or rodents; or (ii) destroying, repelling, or mitigating fungi, bacteria, weeds or other pests as may be designated by the Commissioner. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Devise: To gift property by will.
Diameter: means the distance through a tree at the point of average thickness as measured from outside of bark to outside of bark at a point on a trunk ten inches above the general ground level. See Virginia Code 10.1-1162
Direct costs: means those expenses of a municipality that are directly attributable to providing a cable television service and would be eliminated if such service were not provided by the municipality. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
Director: means the Director of the Department of Conservation and Recreation. See Virginia Code 10.1-100
Director: means the Director of the Department of Environmental Quality. See Virginia Code 10.1-1182
Discontinuance: means that the Board has determined that a highway, landing, or crossing no longer serves the public convenience warranting its maintenance at public expense; it divests the Department from maintenance responsibilities. See Virginia Code 33.2-900
Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
Disinterested director: means , except with respect to Article 14 (§ 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
Dissemination: means any transfer of information, whether orally, in writing, or by electronic means. See Virginia Code 9.1-101
Distribution: means a direct or indirect transfer of cash or other property, except the corporation's own shares, or incurrence of indebtedness by a corporation to or for the benefit of its shareholders in respect of any of its shares. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Distribution formula: means that linear equation derived biennially by the Department, using standard statistical procedures, which best predicts average crime rates in all cities and eligible counties in the Commonwealth on the basis of the following factors in their simplest form:
1. See Virginia Code 9.1-165
Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
Document: means (i) any tangible medium on which information is inscribed, and includes handwritten, typed, printed, or similar instruments and copies of such instruments, or (ii) an electronic record. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
domestic corporation: means a corporation authorized by law to issue shares, irrespective of the nature of the business to be transacted, organized under this chapter or existing pursuant to the laws of the Commonwealth on January 1, 1986, or which, by virtue of articles of incorporation, amendment, or merger, has become a domestic corporation of the Commonwealth, even though also being a corporation organized under laws other than the laws of the Commonwealth, or that has become a domestic corporation of the Commonwealth pursuant to Article 12. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Domestic partnership: means an association of two or more persons to carry on as co-owners a business for profit formed under § 50-73. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Donor: The person who makes a gift.
Donor: means an individual, other than a surrogate, who contributes the sperm or egg used in assisted conception. See Virginia Code 20-156
Drop zone: means any locality whether over land or water that is used, or intended for use, for the landing and recovery of sky divers or parachutists using a parachute or other contrivance designed for sport jumping. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
Dual enrollment: means the concurrent enrollment of a scholarship recipient in an adult education program for the high school diploma and a public or private accredited two-year or four-year Virginia institution of higher education. See Virginia Code 30-231.01
Election: means a general, primary, or special election. See Virginia Code 24.2-101
Election district: means the territory designated by proper authority or by law which is represented by an official elected by the people, including the Commonwealth, a congressional district, a General Assembly district, or a district for the election of an official of a county, city, town, or other governmental unit. See Virginia Code 24.2-101
Electronic: means relating to technology having electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Electronic record: means information that is stored in an electronic or other nontangible medium and is retrievable in paper form through an automated process used in conventional commercial practice, unless otherwise authorized in accordance with subdivision A 10 of § 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Electronic security business: means any person who engages in the business of or undertakes to (i) install, service, maintain, design or consult in the design of any electronic security equipment to an end user; (ii) respond to or cause a response to electronic security equipment for an end user; or (iii) have access to confidential information concerning the design, extent, status, password, contact list, or location of an end user's electronic security equipment. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Electronic security employee: means an individual who is employed by an electronic security business in any capacity which may give him access to information concerning the design, extent, status, password, contact list, or location of an end user's electronic security equipment. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Electronic security equipment: means (i) electronic or mechanical alarm signaling devices including burglar alarms or holdup alarms used to safeguard and protect persons and property; or (ii) cameras used to detect intrusions, concealment or theft, to safeguard and protect persons and property. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Electronic security sales representative: means an individual who sells electronic security equipment on behalf of an electronic security business to the end user. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Electronic security technician: means an individual who installs, services, maintains or repairs electronic security equipment. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
electronically transmitted: means any form or process of communication, not directly involving the physical transfer of paper or another tangible medium, that (i) is suitable for the retention, retrieval, and reproduction of information by the recipient, and (ii) is retrievable in paper form by the recipient through an automated process used in conventional commercial practice, unless otherwise authorized in accordance with subdivision A 10 of § 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Eligible county: means any county which operates a police department. See Virginia Code 9.1-165
Eligible entity: means a domestic or foreign unincorporated entity or a domestic or foreign nonstock corporation. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Embryo: means the organism resulting from the union of a sperm and an ovum from first cell division until approximately the end of the second month of gestation. See Virginia Code 20-156
Embryo transfer: means the placing of a viable embryo into the uterus of a gestational mother. See Virginia Code 20-156
Employed: means to be in an employer/employee relationship where the employee is providing work in exchange for compensation and the employer directly controls the employee's conduct and pays some taxes on behalf of the employee. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Employee: includes , unless otherwise provided in the bylaws, an officer but not a director. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
End user: means any person who purchases or leases electronic security equipment for use in that person's home or business. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Endowment: means the Tobacco Indemnification and Community Revitalization Endowment established pursuant to § 3. See Virginia Code 3.2-3100
Endowment: means the Tobacco Indemnification and Community Revitalization Endowment as established in § 3. See Virginia Code 3.2-3112
Energy storage facility: means energy storage equipment or technology that is capable of absorbing energy, storing such energy for a period of time, and redelivering energy after it has been stored. See Virginia Code 10.1-1197.5
Enforcement agency: means the agency or agencies of any local governing body or the State Fire Marshal charged with the administration or enforcement of the Fire Prevention Code. See Virginia Code 27-95
Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
Entity: includes any domestic or foreign corporation; any domestic or foreign nonstock corporation; any domestic or foreign unincorporated entity; any estate or trust; and any state, the United States and any foreign government. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Environment: means the natural, scenic, and historic attributes of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 10.1-1182
Equity: means any contribution to a project other than debt financing, including a federal, state, or local grant, except that the grant shall not be a Commission grant. See Virginia Code 3.2-3112
Erosion: means the process of destruction by the action of wind, water, or ice of the land bordering the tidal waters of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 10.1-705
Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
Executive Director: means the Executive Director of the Department of Environmental Quality. See Virginia Code 10.1-1300
Executive session: A portion of the Senate's daily session in which it considers executive business.
Expenses: means reasonable expenses of any kind that are incurred in connection with a matter. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Extradition: The formal process of delivering an accused or convicted person from authorities in one state to authorities in another state.
Facility: means any structures, foundations, appurtenances, spillways, lands, easements and rights-of-way necessary to (i) store additional water for immediate or future use in feasible flood prevention sites; (ii) create the potential to store additional water by strengthening the foundations and appurtenances of structures in feasible flood prevention sites; or (iii) store water in sites not feasible for flood prevention programs, and to properly operate and maintain such stores of water or potential stores of water. See Virginia Code 10.1-636
Failure of authorization: means the failure to authorize, approve, or otherwise effect a corporate action in compliance with the provisions of this chapter, the articles of incorporation or bylaws, a corporate resolution, or any plan or agreement to which the corporation is a party, if and to the extent such failure would render such corporate action voidable. See Virginia Code 13.1-614.1
Fair Credit Reporting Act: A federal law, established in 1971 and revised in 1997, that gives consumers the right to see their credit records and correct any mistakes. ^{Source: OCC}
Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
farm: means any person that obtains at least 51 percent of its annual gross income from agricultural operations and produces the agricultural waste used as feedstock for the waste-to-energy technology, (ii) "agricultural waste" means biomass waste materials capable of decomposition that are produced from the raising of plants and animals during agricultural operations, including animal manures, bedding, plant stalks, hulls, and vegetable matter, and (iii) "waste-to-energy technology" means any technology, including but not limited to a methane digester, that converts agricultural waste into gas, steam, or heat that is used to generate electricity on-site. See Virginia Code 1-222.1
Feasibility consultant: means an individual or entity with expertise in the processes and economics of providing cable television service. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation: A government corporation that insures the deposits of all national and state banks that are members of the Federal Reserve System. ^{Source: OCC}
Fee simple: Absolute title to property with no limitations or restrictions regarding the person who may inherit it.
Fiduciary: shall include any one or more of the following:
a. See Virginia Code 8.01-2
Fighter or attack jet: means a jet-powered aircraft designed for military (i) combat training or (ii) operational mission execution. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
fire marshal: as used in this chapter may include the local fire official and local arson investigator when appointed pursuant to this section. See Virginia Code 27-30
Fire Services Board: means the Virginia Fire Services Board as provided for in § 9. See Virginia Code 27-95
Fireworks: means any firecracker, torpedo, skyrocket, or other substance or object, of whatever form or construction, that contains any explosive or inflammable compound or substance, and is intended, or commonly known as fireworks, and which explodes, rises into the air or travels laterally, or fires projectiles into the air. See Virginia Code 27-95
Fixed Rate: Having a "fixed" rate means that the APR doesn't change based on fluctuations of some external rate (such as the "Prime Rate"). In other words, a fixed rate is a rate that is not a variable rate. A fixed APR can change over time, in several circumstances:
- You are late making a payment or commit some other default, triggering an increase to a penalty rate
- The bank changes the terms of your account and you do not reject the change.
- The rate expires (if the rate was fixed for only a certain period of time).
Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}
Foreign corporation: means a corporation authorized by law to issue shares, organized under laws other than the laws of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Foreign country: means a government other than any of the following: the United States; a state, district, commonwealth, territory, or insular possession of the United States; or a government with regard to which the decision in the Commonwealth as to whether to recognize a judgment of that government's courts is initially subject to determination under the Full Faith and Credit Clause of the United States Constitution. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.13:1
foreign judgment: means any judgment, decree, or order of a court of the United States or of any other court which is entitled to full faith and credit in this state. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.1
Foreign nonstock corporation: means a corporation that is incorporated under a law other than the law of the Commonwealth and would, based on its public organic record, be a nonstock corporation if incorporated under the law of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Foreign partnership: means an association of two or more persons to carry on as co-owners of a business for profit formed under the laws of any state or jurisdiction other than the Commonwealth, and includes, for all purposes of the laws of the Commonwealth, a foreign registered limited liability partnership. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Foreign unincorporated entity: means a foreign partnership, foreign limited liability company, foreign limited partnership, or foreign business trust. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Foreign-country judgment: means a judgment of a court of a foreign country. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.13:1
Forest land: means land on which forest trees are found. See Virginia Code 10.1-1178
Forest mitigation: means addressing the direct and indirect adverse impacts to forests that may be caused by a construction project by avoiding and minimizing impacts to the extent practicable and then compensating for the remaining impacts. See Virginia Code 10.1-1181.13
forest trees: includes shade trees of any species around houses, along highways and within cities and towns if the trees constitute an insect or disease menace to nearby timber trees or timber stands. See Virginia Code 10.1-1178
Forester: means any person who is engaged in the science, profession and practice of forestry and who possesses the qualifications required by this article. See Virginia Code 10.1-1181.8
Forestry: means the science, art and practice of creating, managing, using and conserving forests and associated natural resources for human benefit and in a sustainable manner to meet desired goals, needs, and values. See Virginia Code 10.1-1181.8
Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. ^{Source: OCC}
Franchise: means an initial authorization, or renewal thereof, issued by a franchising authority, including a locality or the Commonwealth Transportation Board, whether such authorization is designated as a franchise, permit, license, resolution, contract, certificate, agreement, or otherwise, that authorizes the construction or operation of a cable system, a telecommunications system, or other facility in the public rights-of-way. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. ^{Source: OCC}
Full-cost accounting: means the accounting of all costs incurred by a municipality in providing a cable television service. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
Fund: means the Virginia Spirits Promotion Fund. See Virginia Code 3.2-3007
Fund: means the Tobacco Indemnification and Community Revitalization Fund established pursuant to § 3. See Virginia Code 3.2-3100
Fund: means the Virginia Tobacco Region Revolving Fund created by this chapter. See Virginia Code 3.2-3112
Fund: means the Resilient Virginia Revolving Fund created by this article. See Virginia Code 10.1-603.28
Fund: means the Forest Management of State-Owned Lands Fund. See Virginia Code 10.1-1121
Fund: means the Small Business Environmental Compliance Assistance Fund. See Virginia Code 10.1-1197.1
Fund: means the Opioid Abatement Fund. See Virginia Code 2.2-2365
Fungicide: means any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any fungi or plant disease. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Gamete: means either a sperm or an ovum. See Virginia Code 20-156
Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor
General election: means an election held in the Commonwealth on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November or on the first Tuesday in May for the purpose of filling offices regularly scheduled by law to be filled at those times. See Virginia Code 24.2-101
General public: means individuals who have access to areas open to all and not restricted to any particular class of the community. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
General registrar: means the person appointed by the electoral board of a county or city pursuant to § 24. See Virginia Code 24.2-101
Genetic parent: means an individual who contributes a gamete resulting in a conception. See Virginia Code 20-156
Germane: On the subject of the pending bill or other business; a strict standard of relevance.
Germination: means the percentage, by count, of seeds under consideration capable of producing normal seedlings in a given period of time and under conditions specified by regulations. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Gestational mother: means the woman who gives birth to a child, regardless of her genetic relationship to the child. See Virginia Code 20-156
Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
Goods: means all material, equipment, supplies, printing, and automated data processing hardware and software. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
Governing body: means the board of supervisors of a county, council of a city, or council of a town, as the context may require. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Grace period: The number of days you'll have to pay your bill for purchases in full without triggering a finance charge. ^{Source: Federal Reserve}
Grand jury: agreement providing that a lender will delay exercising its rights (in the case of a mortgage,
Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it.
guaranteed analysis statement: means a statement containing: (i) the name and percentage of each active ingredient; (ii) the total percentage of the inert ingredients; and (iii) if the pesticide contains arsenic in any form, the percentages of total and water soluble arsenic. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Guidance document: means the same as that term is defined in § 2. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
Habeas corpus: A writ that is usually used to bring a prisoner before the court to determine the legality of his imprisonment. It may also be used to bring a person in custody before the court to give testimony, or to be prosecuted.
Hard seed: means seeds that do not absorb moisture and germinate, thus remaining hard during the period prescribed for germination by regulations. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Health care: means any act, professional services in nursing homes, or treatment performed or furnished, or which should have been performed or furnished, by any health care provider for, to, or on behalf of a patient during the patient's medical diagnosis, care, treatment or confinement. See Virginia Code 8.01-581.1
Health care provider: means (i) a person, corporation, facility or institution licensed by this Commonwealth to provide health care or professional services as a physician or hospital, a dentist, a pharmacist, a registered nurse or licensed practical nurse or a person who holds a multistate privilege to practice such nursing under the Nurse Licensure Compact, an advanced practice registered nurse, an optometrist, a podiatrist, a physician assistant, a chiropractor, a physical therapist, a physical therapy assistant, a clinical psychologist, a clinical social worker, a professional counselor, a licensed marriage and family therapist, a licensed dental hygienist, a health maintenance organization, or an emergency medical care attendant or technician who provides services on a fee basis; (ii) a professional corporation, all of whose shareholders or members are so licensed; (iii) a partnership, all of whose partners are so licensed; (iv) a nursing home as defined in § 54. See Virginia Code 8.01-581.1
Health maintenance organization: means any person licensed pursuant to Chapter 43 of Title 38. See Virginia Code 8.01-581.1
Hearing: means agency processes other than those informational or factual inquiries of an informal nature provided in §§ 2. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
Hearing officer: means an attorney selected from a list maintained by the Executive Secretary of the Supreme Court in accordance with § 2. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
Height: means the structural height of a dam which is defined as the vertical distance from the natural bed of the stream or watercourse measured at the downstream toe of the dam to the top of the dam. See Virginia Code 10.1-604
Herbicide: means any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any weed. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Hospital: means a public or private institution licensed pursuant to Chapter 5 of Title 32. See Virginia Code 8.01-581.1
Hybrid: means the first generation seed of a cross produced by controlling pollination or using sterile lines and combining: (i) two, three, or four inbred lines; (ii) one inbred line, or a single cross, with an open-pollinated variety; or (iii) two varieties or species, except open-pollinated varieties of corn. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Impounding structure: means a man-made structure, whether a dam across a watercourse or other structure outside a watercourse, used or to be used to retain or store waters or other materials. See Virginia Code 10.1-604
In forma pauperis: In the manner of a pauper. Permission given to a person to sue without payment of court fees on claim of indigence or poverty.
In vitro: means any process that can be observed in an artificial environment such as a test tube or tissue culture plate. See Virginia Code 20-156
In vitro fertilization: means the fertilization of ova by sperm in an artificial environment. See Virginia Code 20-156
In vivo: means any process occurring within the living body. See Virginia Code 20-156
Inbred line: means a relatively stable and pure breeding strain resulting from: (i) four or more successive generations of controlled self-pollination; or (ii) four successive generations of backcrossing male sterile lines. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}
Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
Indirect costs: means any costs identified with two or more services or other functions; and that are not directly identified with a single service or function. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
Individual: means a natural person. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Inert matter: means all matter not seeds and includes broken seeds, sterile florets, chaff, fungus bodies, and stones as determined by methods prescribed by regulations. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Infection: means infection by any disease affecting forest trees which is declared by the State Forester to be dangerously injurious to forest trees. See Virginia Code 10.1-1178
Infertile: means the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected sexual intercourse. See Virginia Code 20-156
Infestation: means infestation by means of any insect which is declared by the State Forester to be dangerously injurious to forest trees. See Virginia Code 10.1-1178
inhabitants: means with reference to any county, city, town, political subdivision of the Commonwealth or any combination thereof, the natural persons in such county, city, town, political subdivision or combination as shown by the unadjusted United States decennial census last preceding the time at which any provision dependent upon population is being applied or the time as of which it is being construed. See Virginia Code 1-235
Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
Insect: means any small invertebrate animal generally having a segmented form and belonging to the class Insecta including beetles, bugs, and bees. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Insecticide: means any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any insects that may be present in any environment whatsoever. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Inspection warrant: means an order in writing, made in the name of the Commonwealth, signed by any judge or magistrate whose territorial jurisdiction encompasses the building, structure or premises to be inspected or entered, and directed to a state or local official, commanding him to enter and to conduct any inspection, examination, testing or collection of samples for testing required or authorized by the Virginia Statewide Fire Prevention Code. See Virginia Code 27-95
Intended parent: means a married couple or unmarried individual who enters into an agreement with a surrogate under the terms of which such parent will be the parent of any child born to the surrogate through assisted conception regardless of the genetic relationships between the intended parent, the surrogate, and the child. See Virginia Code 20-156
Interactive on-demand services: means a service providing video programming to subscribers over switched networks on an on-demand, point-to-point basis, but does not include services providing video programming prescheduled by the programming provider. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Interest: means either or both of the following rights under the organic law governing an unincorporated entity:
1. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Interest holder: means a person who holds of record an interest. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Interest holder liability: means :
1. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Interrogatories: Written questions asked by one party of an opposing party, who must answer them in writing under oath; a discovery device in a lawsuit.
Intestate: Dying without leaving a will.
issuer: means the person or persons performing the acts and assuming the duties of manager;
2. See Virginia Code 13.1-501
Job order contracting: means a method of procuring construction by establishing a book of unit prices and then obtaining a contractor to perform work as needed using the prices, quantities, and specifications in the book as the basis of its pricing. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
Joint committee: Committees including membership from both houses of teh legislature. Joint committees are usually established with narrow jurisdictions and normally lack authority to report legislation.
Joint resolution: A legislative measure which requires the approval of both chambers.
Key cutting: means making duplicate keys from an existing key and includes no other locksmith services. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Kind: means related species or subspecies known by a common name including wheat, oats, hairy vetch, white sweet clover, cabbage, and cauliflower. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Label: means the written, printed or graphic matter on, or attached to, the pesticide or device, or the immediate container thereof, and the outside container or wrapper of the retail package, if any, of the pesticide or device. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Labeling: means all labels and other written, printed, or graphic matter: (i) upon the pesticide or device or any of its containers or wrappers; (ii) accompanying the pesticide or device at any time; or (iii) referenced on the label or in literature accompanying the pesticide or device. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Labeling: means all labels, tags, and any other written, printed, or graphic statements or representations (including representations on invoices) in any form pertaining to any seed. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Land: means real estate and all rights and appurtenances thereto, together with the structures and other improvements thereon, and any right, title, interest, estate or claim in or to real estate. See Virginia Code 25.1-100
landing field: means any locality, whether over land or water, including airports and intermediate landing fields, which is used or intended to be used for the landing and takeoff of aircraft and open to the public for such use, whether or not facilities are provided for the sheltering, servicing, or repair of aircraft or for receiving or discharging passengers or cargo. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
Law firm: means (i) lawyers who practice law together in a partnership, professional corporation, sole proprietorship, limited liability company, or association or (ii) lawyers employed together in (a) a legal services organization or (b) the legal department of another organization. See Virginia Code 20-168
Law-enforcement officer: means any full-time or part-time employee of a police department or sheriff's office which is a part of or administered by the Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof, or any full-time or part-time employee of a private police department, and who is responsible for the prevention and detection of crime and the enforcement of the penal, traffic or highway laws of the Commonwealth, and shall include any (i) special agent of the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority; (ii) police agent appointed under the provisions of § 56-353; (iii) officer of the Virginia Marine Police; (iv) conservation police officer who is a full-time sworn member of the enforcement division of the Department of Wildlife Resources; (v) investigator who is a sworn member of the security division of the Virginia Lottery; (vi) conservation officer of the Department of Conservation and Recreation commissioned pursuant to § 10. See Virginia Code 9.1-101
Lawn or turf seed mixture: means two or more kinds of agricultural seeds that are combined and sold for lawns or other areas where turf is grown for beautification or erosion control. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Legacy: A gift of property made by will.
Legal or contractual custody: means having authority granted by law, contract, or court order to make decisions concerning the use of an embryo. See Virginia Code 20-156
Legal tender: coins, dollar bills, or other currency issued by a government as official money. ^{Source: U.S. Mint}
Legislative session: That part of a chamber's daily session in which it considers legislative business (bills, resolutions, and actions related thereto).
licensee: means a person issued a license by the Board to engage in the sale, storage, distribution, recommendation, or application of pesticides for compensation. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
local government: shall be construed to mean a county, city, or town as the context may require. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Local government: means any county, city, town, municipal corporation, authority, district, commission, or political subdivision created by the General Assembly or pursuant to the Constitution of Virginia or laws of the Commonwealth, or any combination of any two or more of the foregoing, located in any of the tobacco-dependent communities in the Southside and Southwest regions of Virginia. See Virginia Code 3.2-3112
Local government: means the governing body of any city, county or town in this Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 27-95
Locality: means a county, city or town. See Virginia Code 10.1-705
Locality: means a county, city, or town as the context may require. See Virginia Code 1-221
Locksmith: means any individual that performs locksmith services, or advertises or represents to the general public that the individual is a locksmith even if the specific term locksmith is substituted with any other term by which a reasonable person could construe that the individual possesses special skills relating to locks or locking devices, including use of the words lock technician, lockman, safe technician, safeman, boxman, unlocking technician, lock installer, lock opener, physical security technician or similar descriptions. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Lost profits: means a loss of profits or expected profits suffered by a business or farm operation as a result of a taking or damaging of the property on which the business or farm operation is operated for a period not to exceed three years from the later of (i) the date of valuation or (ii) the date the state agency or its contractor prevents the owner from using the land or any of the owner's other property rights are taken. See Virginia Code 25.1-100
Lot: means a definite quantity of seed that is identified by a number or other identification and is uniform throughout for the factors appearing on the label. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
mail: means electronic or postal delivery. See Virginia Code 10.1-1183
Malpractice: means any tort action or breach of contract action for personal injuries or wrongful death, based on health care or professional services rendered, or which should have been rendered, by a health care provider, to a patient. See Virginia Code 8.01-581.1
Marcus alert system: means the same as that term is defined in § 37. See Virginia Code 9.1-193
Marine antifoulant paint: means any compound, coating, paint or treatment applied or used for the purpose of controlling freshwater or marine fouling organisms on vessels. See Virginia Code 3.2-3935
MEI project: means the same as that term is defined in § 2. See Virginia Code 30-309
member of the council: means a member of the governing body of a city or town. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Merger: means a transaction pursuant to § 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Mixture: means seeds consisting of more than one kind or variety, when claimed or present, in excess of five percent of the whole. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Mobile crisis response: means the same as that term is defined in § 37. See Virginia Code 9.1-193
Month: means a calendar month and "year" means a calendar year. See Virginia Code 1-223
Mortgage loan: A loan made by a lender to a borrower for the financing of real property. ^{Source: OCC}
Mortgagee: The person to whom property is mortgaged and who has loaned the money.
Mortgagor: The person who pledges property to a creditor as collateral for a loan and who receives the money.
Natural person: means an individual person. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Natural streams: means nontidal waterways which are part of the natural topography. See Virginia Code 10.1-650
Nonlegislative citizen member: means any natural person who is not a member of the General Assembly of Virginia. See Virginia Code 1-225
Nonparty participant: means a person, other than a party and the party's collaborative lawyer, that participates in a collaborative law process. See Virginia Code 20-168
Nonprofessional services: means any services not specifically identified as professional services in the definition of professional services. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
Notary: means notary public. See Virginia Code 1-226
Noxious-weed seed: means prohibited noxious-weed seeds and restricted noxious weed seeds. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
offeror: means a person who has the capability, in all respects, to perform fully the contract requirements and the moral and business integrity and reliability that will assure good faith performance, and who has been prequalified, if required. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
Officer of election: means a person appointed by an electoral board pursuant to § 24. See Virginia Code 24.2-101
Operator: means any person that operates or has operated or exercises or has exercised control over any silvicultural activity. See Virginia Code 10.1-1181.1
Oral argument: An opportunity for lawyers to summarize their position before the court and also to answer the judges' questions.
Ordinance: includes a resolution. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Organic law: means the statute governing the internal affairs of a domestic or foreign corporation or eligible entity. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Organic rules: means the public organic record and private organic rules of a domestic or foreign corporation or eligible entity. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Origin: means the state, territory, foreign country, or designated portion thereof, where the seed was grown. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Over-issuance of shares: means the purported issuance of:
1. See Virginia Code 13.1-614.1
Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
Ovum: means the female gamete or reproductive cell prior to fertilization. See Virginia Code 20-156
Owner: means the owner of the land on which a dam is situated, the holder of an easement permitting the construction of a dam and any person or entity agreeing to maintain a dam. See Virginia Code 10.1-604
Owner: means any person that (i) owns or leases land on which silvicultural activity occurs or has occurred or (ii) owns timber on land on which silvicultural activity occurs or has occurred. See Virginia Code 10.1-1181.1
Owner: means any person who owns property, provided that the person's ownership of the property is of record in the land records of the clerk's office of the circuit court of the county or city where the property is located. See Virginia Code 25.1-100
Party: means a person who signs a collaborative law participation agreement and whose consent is necessary to resolve a collaborative matter. See Virginia Code 20-168
Patient: means any natural person who receives or should have received health care from a licensed health care provider except those persons who are given health care in an emergency situation which exempts the health care provider from liability for his emergency services in accordance with § 8. See Virginia Code 8.01-581.1
Permissible fireworks: means any fountains that do not emit sparks or other burning effects to a distance greater than five meters (16. See Virginia Code 27-95
Person: means an individual, corporation, partnership, association, a governmental body, a municipal corporation, or any other legal entity. See Virginia Code 10.1-1300
Person: shall include individuals, a trust, an estate, a partnership, an association, an order, a corporation, or any other legal or commercial entity;
6. See Virginia Code 8.01-2
Person: means any landowner, owner of timber, owner of timber rights, sawmill operator, sawmill owner, veneer wood operator, pulpwood contractor, or any person engaged in the business of severing timber from the stump. See Virginia Code 10.1-1162
Person: means any individual; firm; cooperative; association; corporation; limited liability company; trust; business trust; syndicate; partnership; limited liability partnership; joint venture; receiver; trustee in bankruptcy or any other person acting in a fiduciary or representative capacity, whether appointed by a court or otherwise; club, society or other group or combination acting as a unit; the Commonwealth or any department, agency or instrumentality thereof; any city, county, town, or other political subdivision or any department, agency or instrumentality thereof; or any interstate body to which the Commonwealth is a party. See Virginia Code 25.1-100
Person: includes an individual and an entity. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Person: means any individual, corporation, government, political subdivision of the Commonwealth, or governmental subdivision or agency, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, two or more of any of the foregoing having a joint or common interest, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
Person under a disability: shall include :
a. See Virginia Code 8.01-2
Personal estate: includes chattels real and such other estate as, upon the death of the owner intestate, would devolve upon his personal representative. See Virginia Code 1-233
Personal protection specialist: means any individual who engages in the duties of providing close protection from bodily harm to any person. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Personal representative: includes the executor of a will or the administrator of the estate of a decedent, the administrator of such estate with the will annexed, the administrator of such estate unadministered by a former representative, whether there is a will or not, any person who is under the order of a circuit court to take into his possession the estate of a decedent for administration, and every other curator of a decedent's estate, for or against whom suits may be brought for causes of action that accrued to or against the decedent. See Virginia Code 1-234
Pest: means any deleterious organism that is: (i) any vertebrate animal other than man; (ii) any invertebrate animal excluding any internal parasite of living man or other living animals; (iii) any plant growing where not wanted, and any plant part such as a root; or (iv) any bacterium, virus, or other microorganisms (except for those on or in living man or other living animals and those on or in processed food or processed animal feed, beverages, drugs as defined by the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act at 21 U. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Pesticide: means : (i) any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any insects, rodents, fungi, bacteria, weeds, other forms of plant or animal life, bacterium, or viruses, except viruses on or in living man or other animals, which the Commissioner shall declare to be a pest; (ii) any substance or mixture of substances intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant; and (iii) any substance intended to become an active ingredient in any substance defined in clause (i) and (ii). See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Pesticide business: means any person engaged in the business of: distributing, applying or recommending the use of a product; or storing, selling, or offering for sale pesticides directly to the user. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
pesticide classified for restricted use: means any pesticide classified as restricted by the Administrator of the U. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Physician: means a person licensed to practice medicine or osteopathy in this Commonwealth pursuant to Chapter 29 of Title 54. See Virginia Code 8.01-581.1
Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
Plant regulator: means any substance or mixture of substances, intended through physiological action, for accelerating or retarding the rate of growth or rate of maturation, or for otherwise altering the behavior of ornamental or crop plants or the produce thereof, but shall not include substances to the extent that they are intended as plant nutrients, trace elements, nutritional chemicals, plant inoculants, and soil amendments. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
Police department: means that organization established by ordinance by a local governing body that is responsible for the prevention and detection of crime, the apprehension of criminals, the safeguard of life and property, the preservation of peace and the enforcement of state and local laws, regulations, and ordinances. See Virginia Code 9.1-165
political party: means an organization of citizens of the Commonwealth which, at either of the two preceding statewide general elections, received at least 10 percent of the total vote cast for any statewide office filled in that election. See Virginia Code 24.2-101
Polling place: means the structure that contains the one place provided for each precinct at which the qualified voters who are residents of the precinct may vote. See Virginia Code 24.2-101
Pollution: means such alteration of the physical, chemical or biological properties of any state waters resulting from sediment deposition as will or is likely to create a nuisance or render such waters (i) harmful or detrimental or injurious to the public health, safety or welfare, or to the health of animals, fish or aquatic life; (ii) unsuitable with reasonable treatment for use as present or possible future sources of public water supply; or (iii) unsuitable for recreational, commercial, industrial, agricultural, or other reasonable uses. See Virginia Code 10.1-1181.1
Population served by police departments: means the total base year population of the Commonwealth less the population served by sheriffs only. See Virginia Code 9.1-165
Population served by sheriffs only: means the total base year population of those counties without a police department, less the latest available estimate from the United States Bureau of the Census of the total population of towns, or portions of towns, having police departments, located in such counties. See Virginia Code 9.1-165
Potential crime rate: means the number of crimes per 100,000 persons in the base year population for each city or eligible county, as derived from the distribution formula. See Virginia Code 9.1-165
Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.
Precinct: means the territory designated by the governing body of a county, city, or town to be served by one polling place. See Virginia Code 24.2-101
Preliminary hearing: A hearing where the judge decides whether there is enough evidence to make the defendant have a trial.
Premarital agreement: means an agreement between prospective spouses made in contemplation of marriage and to be effective upon marriage. See Virginia Code 20-148
Prescribed burning: means the controlled application of fire or wildland fuels in either the natural or modified state, under specified environmental conditions, which allows a fire to be confined to a predetermined area and produces the fire behavior and fire characteristics necessary to attain planned fire treatment and ecological, silvicultural, and wildlife management objectives. See Virginia Code 10.1-1150.1
Prescription: means a written statement defining the objectives to be attained by a prescribed burning and the conditions of temperature, humidity, wind direction and speed, fuel moisture, and soil moisture under which a fire will be allowed to burn. See Virginia Code 10.1-1150.1
President pro tempore: A constitutionally recognized officer of the Senate who presides over the chamber in the absence of the Vice President. The President Pro Tempore (or, "president for a time") is elected by the Senate and is, by custom, the Senator of the majority party with the longest record of continuous service.
Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents.
Primary state highway system: consists of all highways and bridges under the jurisdiction and control of the Commonwealth Transportation Board and the Commissioner of Highways and not in the secondary state highway system. See Virginia Code 33.2-100
Principal office: means the office, in or out of the Commonwealth, where the principal executive offices of a domestic or foreign corporation are located, or, if there are no such offices, the office, in or out of the Commonwealth, so designated by the board of directors. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Private applicator: means an individual who uses or supervises the use of any pesticide that is classified for restricted use for purposes of producing any agricultural commodity on property owned or rented by him or his employer or, if applied without compensation other than trading of personal services between producers of agricultural commodities, on the property of another person. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Private investigator: means any individual who engages in the business of, or accepts employment to make, investigations to obtain information on (i) crimes or civil wrongs; (ii) the location, disposition, or recovery of stolen property; (iii) the cause of accidents, fires, damages, or injuries to persons or to property; or (iv) evidence to be used before any court, board, officer, or investigative committee. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Private organic rules: means (i) the bylaws of a domestic or foreign corporation or nonstock corporation or (ii) the rules, regardless of whether in writing, that govern the internal affairs of an unincorporated entity, are binding on all its interest holders, and are not part of its public organic record. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Private police department: means any police department, other than a department that employs police agents under the provisions of § 56-353, that employs private police officers operated by an entity authorized by statute or an act of assembly to establish a private police department or such entity's successor in interest, provided it complies with the requirements set forth herein. See Virginia Code 9.1-101
Private provider: means a private entity that provides cable television services. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
Private security services business: means any person engaged in the business of providing, or who undertakes to provide, armored car personnel, security officers, personal protection specialists, private investigators, couriers, security canine handlers, security canine teams, detector canine handlers, detector canine teams, alarm respondents, locksmiths, central station dispatchers, electronic security employees, electronic security sales representatives or electronic security technicians and their assistants to another person under contract, express or implied. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Private security services instructor: means any individual certified by the Department to provide mandated instruction in private security subjects for a certified private security services training school. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Private security services training school: means any person certified by the Department to provide instruction in private security subjects for the training of private security services business personnel in accordance with this article. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Pro se: A Latin term meaning "on one's own behalf"; in courts, it refers to persons who present their own cases without lawyers.
Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
Probate: Proving a will
Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
Proceeding: means a judicial, administrative, arbitral, or other adjudicative process before a tribunal, including related prehearing and post-hearing motions, conferences, and discovery. See Virginia Code 20-168
Proceeding: includes civil suit and criminal, administrative, and investigatory action. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Professional services: means work performed by an independent contractor within the scope of the practice of accounting, actuarial services, architecture, land surveying, landscape architecture, law, dentistry, medicine, optometry, pharmacy or professional engineering. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
Professional services in nursing homes: means services provided in a nursing home, as that term is defined in clause (iv) of the definition of health care provider in this section, by a health care provider related to health care, staffing to provide patient care, psycho-social services, personal hygiene, hydration, nutrition, fall assessments or interventions, patient monitoring, prevention and treatment of medical conditions, diagnosis or therapy. See Virginia Code 8.01-581.1
Program: means the Stream Restoration Assistance Program. See Virginia Code 10.1-650
Program: means the provisions of the Public Beach Conservation and Development Act. See Virginia Code 10.1-705
Program: means the Brown v. See Virginia Code 30-231.01
Project: means the same as that term is defined in § 62. See Virginia Code 3.2-3112
Property: means an interest, present or future, legal or equitable, vested or contingent, in real or personal property, including income and earnings. See Virginia Code 20-148
Property: means land and personal property, and any right, title, interest, estate or claim in or to such property. See Virginia Code 25.1-100
Property bail bondsman: means a person licensed pursuant to this article who, for compensation, enters into a bond or does so through his agent and who pledges real property, cash or certificates of deposit issued by a federally insured institution, or any combination thereof as security for a bond as defined in § 19. See Virginia Code 9.1-185
Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
Prospective party: means a person who discusses with a prospective collaborative lawyer the possibility of signing a collaborative law participation agreement. See Virginia Code 20-168
Public aircraft: includes any fighter or attack jet that is leased or owned by a private entity, provided that the aircraft operations are conducted exclusively for the purpose of military combat training in service to the federal government. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
Public assistance and social services programs: means those programs specified in § 63. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
Public beach: means a sandy beach located on a tidal shoreline suitable for bathing in a county, city or town and open to indefinite public use. See Virginia Code 10.1-705
Public body: means any legislative, executive or judicial body, agency, office, department, authority, post, commission, committee, institution, board or political subdivision created by law to exercise some sovereign power or to perform some governmental duty, and empowered by law to undertake the activities described in this chapter. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
Public contract: means an agreement between a public body and a nongovernmental source that is enforceable in a court of law. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
Public corporation: means a corporation that has shares listed on a national securities exchange or regularly traded in a market maintained by one or more members of a national or affiliated securities association. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Public defender: Represent defendants who can't afford an attorney in criminal matters.
Public organic record: means (i) the articles of incorporation of a domestic or foreign corporation or nonstock corporation or (ii) the document, the filing of which is required to create an unincorporated entity. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
public right-of-way: as used in this chapter means any area over which the public has a general privilege to travel. See Virginia Code 15.2-2000
Pure seed: means agricultural or vegetable seed exclusive of inert matter and other seeds distinguishable from the kind, or kind and variety, being considered. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Putative shares: means the shares of any class or series of the corporation, including shares issued upon exercise of rights, options, warrants, or other securities convertible into shares of the corporation, or interests with respect to such shares, that were created or issued as a result of a defective corporate action, that (i) but for any failure of authorization would constitute valid shares or (ii) cannot be determined by the board of directors to be valid shares. See Virginia Code 13.1-614.1
Qualified voter: means a person who is entitled to vote pursuant to the Constitution of Virginia and who is (i) 18 years of age on or before the day of the election or qualified pursuant to § 24. See Virginia Code 24.2-101
Qualifying project: means the same as that term is defined in the Public-Private Education Facilities and Infrastructure Act of 2002. See Virginia Code 30-278
real estate: includes lands, tenements and hereditaments, and all rights and appurtenances thereto and interests therein, other than a chattel interest. See Virginia Code 1-219
Reasonable medical and ancillary costs: means the costs of the performance of assisted conception, the costs of prenatal maternal health care, the costs of maternal and child health care for a reasonable postpartum period, the reasonable costs for medications and maternity clothes, and any additional and reasonable costs for housing and other living expenses attributable to the pregnancy. See Virginia Code 20-156
Recess: A temporary interruption of the legislative business.
Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Virginia Code 20-168
Record date: means the date fixed for determining the identity of the corporation's shareholders and their shareholdings for purposes of this chapter. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Record shareholder: means (i) the person in whose name shares are registered in the records of the corporation or (ii) the person identified as the beneficial owner of shares in a beneficial ownership certificate pursuant to § 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Referendum: means any election held pursuant to law to submit a question to the voters for approval or rejection. See Virginia Code 24.2-101
Registered technician: means an individual who has satisfactorily completed the Board requirements for certification to apply general use pesticides, and to apply restricted use pesticides while under the direct supervision of a certified commercial applicator. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Registered voter: means any person who is maintained on the Virginia voter registration system. See Virginia Code 24.2-101
Registrant: means the person registering any pesticide pursuant to the provisions of this chapter. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Registrant: means the person registering a lawn or turf seed mixture pursuant to this article. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Registrar: means the Registrar of Regulations employed as provided in § 2. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
Registration: means a method of regulation whereby certain personnel employed by a private security services business are required to register with the Department pursuant to this article. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Registration records: means all official records concerning the registration of qualified voters and shall include all records, lists, applications, and files, whether maintained in books, on cards, on automated data bases, or by any other legally permitted record-keeping method. See Virginia Code 24.2-101
regulation: means any statement of general application, having the force of law, affecting the rights or conduct of any person, adopted by an agency in accordance with the authority conferred on it by applicable basic laws. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings.
Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).
Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
Responsible public entity: means a public entity that is an agency or institution of the Commonwealth and that has the power to develop or operate a qualifying project. See Virginia Code 30-278
Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
Restricted noxious-weed seed: means weed seeds that are very objectionable in fields, lawns, and gardens and are difficult to control by common practices. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
revenue bonds: as used in this article shall embrace notes, bonds and other obligations authorized to be issued pursuant to this article. See Virginia Code 15.2-1749
Reverse auctioning: means a procurement method wherein bidders are invited to bid on specified goods or nonprofessional services through real-time electronic bidding, with the award being made to the lowest responsive and responsible bidder. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
revolving fund: means the Conservation, Small Watersheds Flood Control and Area Development Fund. See Virginia Code 10.1-636
Right of rescission: Right to cancel, within three business days, a contract that uses the home of a person as collateral, except in the case of a first mortgage loan. There is no fee to the borrower, who receives a full refund of all fees paid. The right of rescission is guaranteed by the Truth in Lending Act (TILA). ^{Source: OCC}
Right of survivorship: The ownership rights that result in the acquisition of title to property by reason of having survived other co-owners.
Rodenticide: means any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling or mitigating rodents or any other vertebrate animal declared by the Commissioner to be a pest. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
sale: includes barter and exchange. See Virginia Code 3.2-5600
Sale: means the transfer of ownership of seed as evidenced by the exchange of payment or seed, in whole or in part. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
School resource officer: means a certified law-enforcement officer hired by the local law-enforcement agency to provide law-enforcement and security services to Virginia public elementary and secondary schools. See Virginia Code 9.1-101
School security officer: means an individual who is employed by the local school board or a private or religious school for the singular purpose of maintaining order and discipline, preventing crime, investigating violations of the policies of the school board or the private or religious school, and detaining students violating the law or the policies of the school board or the private or religious school on school property, school buses, or at school-sponsored events and who is responsible solely for ensuring the safety, security, and welfare of all students, faculty, staff, and visitors in the assigned school. See Virginia Code 9.1-101
Screenings: means seed, inert matter, and other materials removed from agricultural seed or vegetable seed by cleaning or conditioning. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Secondary highway: means any highway in or component of the secondary state highway system. See Virginia Code 33.2-100
Secretary: means the corporate officer or other individual to whom the board of directors has delegated responsibility under subsection C of § 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Security canine: means a dog that has attended, completed, and been certified as a security canine by a certified security canine handler instructor in accordance with approved Department procedures and certification guidelines. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Security canine handler: means any individual who utilizes his security canine in the performance of private security duties. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
Services: means any work performed by an independent contractor wherein the service rendered does not consist primarily of acquisition of equipment or materials, or the rental of equipment, materials and supplies. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
Share exchange: means a transaction pursuant to § 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Shareholder: means a record shareholder. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Shares: means the units into which the proprietary interests in a corporation are divided. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Sheriff: shall include deputy sheriffs and such other persons designated in § 15. See Virginia Code 8.01-2
shore erosion: means the process of destruction by the action of water, wind, or ice of the land bordering any body of water including all rivers and the tidal waters of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 10.1-700
Sign: means , with present intent to authenticate or adopt a record, to (i) execute or adopt a tangible symbol or (ii) attach to or logically associate with the record an electronic symbol, sound, or process. See Virginia Code 20-168
signature: means , with present intent to authenticate or adopt a document: (i) to execute or adopt a tangible symbol to a document, and includes any manual, facsimile, or conformed signature; or (ii) to attach to or logically associate with an electronic transmission an electronic sound, symbol, or process, and includes an electronic signature in an electronic transmission. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Silvicultural activity: means any forest management activity, including but not limited to the harvesting of timber, the construction of roads and trails for forest management purposes, and the preparation of property for reforestation. See Virginia Code 10.1-1181.1
Small business: means a business located in Virginia that (i) employs 100 or fewer people and (ii) is a small business concern as defined in the federal Small Business Act (15 U. See Virginia Code 10.1-1197.1
Small renewable energy project: means (i) an electrical generation facility with a rated capacity not exceeding 150 megawatts that generates electricity only from sunlight or wind; (ii) an electrical generation facility with a rated capacity not exceeding 100 megawatts that generates electricity only from falling water, wave motion, tides, or geothermal power; (iii) an electrical generation facility with a rated capacity not exceeding 20 megawatts that generates electricity only from biomass, energy from waste, or municipal solid waste; (iv) an energy storage facility that uses electrochemical cells to convert chemical energy with a rated capacity not exceeding 150 megawatts; or (v) a hybrid project composed of an electrical generation facility that meets the parameters established in clause (i), (ii), or (iii) and an energy storage facility that meets the parameters established in clause (iv). See Virginia Code 10.1-1197.5
Sole custody: means that one person retains responsibility for the care and control of a child and has primary authority to make decisions concerning the child. See Virginia Code 20-124.1
Sole ownership: The type of property ownership in which one individual holds legal title to the property and has full control of it.
Special order: means an administrative order issued to any party that has a stated duration of not more than twelve months and that may include a civil penalty of not more than $10,000. See Virginia Code 10.1-1182
Special order: means a special order issued under § 10. See Virginia Code 10.1-1300
Special order: means a special order or emergency special order issued under subsection B or C of § 10. See Virginia Code 10.1-1181.1
Sperm: means the male gametes or reproductive cells which impregnate the ova. See Virginia Code 20-156
Spirits: means the same as that term is defined in § 4. See Virginia Code 3.2-3007
state: means the Commonwealth of Virginia or any of its agencies or departments. See Virginia Code 2.2-2200
State agency: means any (i) department, agency or instrumentality of the Commonwealth; (ii) public authority, municipal corporation, local governmental unit or political subdivision of the Commonwealth or any department, agency or instrumentality thereof; (iii) person who has the authority to acquire property by eminent domain under state law; or (iv) two or more of the aforementioned that carry out projects that cause persons to be displaced. See Virginia Code 25.1-100
state agency: means the same as that term is defined in § 2. See Virginia Code 1-206
State aid to localities with police: means that amount which bears the same relationship to the population served by police departments as state aid to sheriff-only localities bears to the population served by sheriffs only. See Virginia Code 9.1-165
State aid to sheriff-only localities: means the estimated total amount for salaries and expenses to be paid by the Commonwealth, pursuant to Article 3 (§ 15. See Virginia Code 9.1-165
State filer: means those officers and employees required to file a disclosure statement of their personal interests pursuant to subsection A or B of § 2. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
State Fire Marshal: means the State Fire Marshal as provided for by § 9. See Virginia Code 27-95
state forest: means lands acquired for the Commonwealth by purchase, gift or lease pursuant to this section. See Virginia Code 10.1-1107
State institution: means any (i) institution enumerated in § 23. See Virginia Code 25.1-100
State-owned lands: means forest land owned or managed by the various departments, agencies and institutions of the Commonwealth and designated by the Department in cooperation with the Division of Engineering and Buildings of the Department of General Services as being of sufficient size and value to benefit from a forest management plan. See Virginia Code 10.1-1121
Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.
Strategic Plan: means the strategic plan required pursuant to subsection C of § 3. See Virginia Code 3.2-3100
Stream restoration: means any combination of structural and vegetative measures which may be taken to restore, stabilize, and protect a natural stream which has been damaged by severe flooding and is consequently subject to continual accelerated erosion or other detrimental effects. See Virginia Code 10.1-650
Subordinate: means (i) one or more but less than a quorum of the members of a board constituting an agency, (ii) one or more of its staff members or employees, or (iii) any other person or persons designated by the agency to act in its behalf. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
Subpoena duces tecum: A command to a witness to produce documents.
Subscriber: means a person who lawfully receives cable television services. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.2
Substance abuse: means the same as that term is defined in § 37. See Virginia Code 9.1-193
Supervisor: means a member of the board of supervisors of a county. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Supervisor: means any individual who directly or indirectly supervises registered or certified private security services business personnel. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
supplies: means any articles or things, including equipment, which are used by or furnished to any department, institution, office, board or other agency of county government. See Virginia Code 15.2-1234
Supreme Court: means the Supreme Court of Virginia. See Virginia Code 1-249
Surety bail bondsman: means a person licensed pursuant to this article who is also licensed by the State Corporation Commission as a property and casualty insurance agent, and who sells, solicits, or negotiates surety insurance as defined in § 38. See Virginia Code 9.1-185
Surrogacy contract: means an agreement between the intended parent, a surrogate, and her spouse, if any, in which the surrogate agrees to be impregnated through the use of assisted conception, to carry any resulting fetus, and to relinquish to the intended parent the custody of and parental rights to any resulting child. See Virginia Code 20-156
Surrogate: means any adult woman who agrees to bear a child carried for the intended parent. See Virginia Code 20-156
sworn: means "affirm" or "affirmed. See Virginia Code 1-250
Temporary restraining order: Prohibits a person from an action that is likely to cause irreparable harm. This differs from an injunction in that it may be granted immediately, without notice to the opposing party, and without a hearing. It is intended to last only until a hearing can be held.
Tenancy in common: A type of property ownership in which two or more individuals have an undivided interest in property. At the death of one tenant in common, his (her) fractional percentage of ownership in the property passes to the decedent
Testate: To die leaving a will.
Testify: Answer questions in court.
Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
Tier-city: means an incorporated community within a consolidated county that (i) has within defined boundaries a population of 5,000 or more, (ii) has been designated as a tier-city by the General Assembly, and (iii) has both the powers of a town and such additional powers as may be granted tier-cities by the General Assembly. See Virginia Code 1-252
Tobacco Assets: means all right, title, and interest in and to the portion of the Commission Allocation that may be sold to the Corporation. See Virginia Code 3.2-3100
Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
Town: means any existing town or an incorporated community within one or more counties which became a town before noon, July one, nineteen hundred seventy-one, as provided by law or which has within defined boundaries a population of 1,000 or more and which has become a town as provided by law. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
Town: means any existing town or an incorporated community within one or more counties which became a town before noon, July 1, 1971, as provided by law or which has within defined boundaries a population of 1,000 or more and which has become a town as provided by law. See Virginia Code 1-254
Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
Transfer: means any transaction in which (i) an ownership or other interest in the cable operator is transferred, directly or indirectly, from one person or group of persons to another person or group of persons, so that majority control of the cable operator is transferred; or (ii) the rights and obligations held by the cable operator under the cable franchise granted under this article are transferred or assigned to another person or group of persons. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Transgenetic: means any plant material or seed that has undergone the transfer of a gene from one genera to another. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Tree: means any tree of a currently commercially valuable species which is six inches or more in diameter. See Virginia Code 10.1-1162
Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
Tribunal: means a court, arbitrator, administrative agency, or other body acting in an adjudicative capacity that, after presentation of evidence or legal argument, has jurisdiction to render a decision affecting a party's interest in a matter. See Virginia Code 20-168
Tributyltin compounds: means any compound having three normal butyl groups attached to a tin atom and with or without an anion such as chloride, fluoride or oxide. See Virginia Code 3.2-3935
Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. ^{Source: OCC}
Turf: means the same as that term is defined in § 3. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Unarmed security officer: means a natural person who performs the functions of observation, detection, reporting, or notification of appropriate authorities or designated agents regarding persons or property on the premises he is contracted to protect, and who does not carry or have access to a firearm in the performance of his duties. See Virginia Code 9.1-138
Under the direct supervision of: means the act or process whereby the application of a pesticide is made by a competent person acting under the instructions and control of a certified applicator who is responsible for the actions of that person. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
United States: includes district, authority, bureau, commission, department, and any other agency of the United States. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Unreasonable adverse effects on the environment: means any unreasonable risk to man or the environment, taking into account the economic, social, and environmental costs and benefits of the use of any pesticide. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
Unrestricted voting trust beneficial owner: means , with respect to any shareholder rights, a voting trust beneficial owner whose entitlement to exercise the shareholder right in question is not inconsistent with the voting trust agreement. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Use: means the employment of a pesticide for the purposes of: (i) preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest; or (ii) regulating plant growth, causing defoliation or desiccation of plants. See Virginia Code 3.2-3900
User fees: Fees charged to users of goods or services provided by the government. In levying or authorizing these fees, the legislature determines whether the revenue should go into the treasury or should be available to the agency providing the goods or services.
Valid shares: means the shares of any class or series of the corporation that have been duly authorized and validly issued in accordance with this chapter, including as a result of ratification or validation under this article. See Virginia Code 13.1-614.1
Variable Rate: Having a "variable" rate means that the APR changes from time to time based on fluctuations in an external rate, normally the Prime Rate. This external rate is known as the "index." If the index changes, the variable rate normally changes. Also see Fixed Rate.
Variety: means a subdivision of a kind characterized by growth, plant, fruit, seed, or other characteristics that distinguish it from other plants of the same kind. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Vegetable seed: means seeds of crops grown in gardens and on truck farms commonly recognized as vegetable seed and designated by regulations. See Virginia Code 3.2-4000
Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
Vessel: means every description of watercraft, other than a seaplane, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on the water, whether self-propelled or otherwise, and includes barges and tugs. See Virginia Code 3.2-3935
Veto: The procedure established under the Constitution by which the President/Governor refuses to approve a bill or joint resolution and thus prevents its enactment into law. A regular veto occurs when the President/Governor returns the legislation to the house in which it originated. The President/Governor usually returns a vetoed bill with a message indicating his reasons for rejecting the measure. In Congress, the veto can be overridden only by a two-thirds vote in both the Senate and the House.
Video programming: means programming provided by, or generally considered comparable to, programming provided by a television broadcast station. See Virginia Code 15.2-2108.19
Virginia Register of Regulations: means the publication issued under the provisions of Article 6 (§ 2. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
Virginia Regulatory Town Hall: means the website operated by the Department of Planning and Budget, which has online public comment forums and displays information about regulatory actions under consideration in the Commonwealth and sends this information to registered public users. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
Voluntary pollution prevention measures: means operational or equipment changes that meet the definition of pollution prevention contained in § 10. See Virginia Code 10.1-1197.1
voter registration system: means the automated central record-keeping system for all voters registered within the Commonwealth that is maintained as provided in Article 2 (§ 24. See Virginia Code 24.2-101
Voting group: means all shares of one or more classes or series that under the articles of incorporation or this chapter are entitled to vote and be counted together collectively on a matter at a meeting of shareholders. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
voting security: means a security that (i) confers upon the holder the right to vote for the election of members of the board of directors or similar governing body of the business or (ii) is convertible into, or entitles the holder to receive, upon its exercise, a security that confers such a right to vote. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
Voting trust beneficial owner: means an owner of a beneficial interest in shares of the corporation held in a voting trust established pursuant to subsection A of § 13. See Virginia Code 13.1-603
Watercourse: means a natural channel having a well-defined bed and banks and in which water normally flows. See Virginia Code 10.1-604
Weight: means the net weight when used in connection with this chapter. See Virginia Code 3.2-5600
Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.
Writ of certiorari: An order issued by the Supreme Court directing the lower court to transmit records for a case for which it will hear on appeal.
written: means any information in the form of a document. See Virginia Code 13.1-603

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Virginia Code > Title 5.1 > Chapter 1 – Aircraft, Airmen and Airports Generally

Terms Used In Virginia Code > Title 5.1 > Chapter 1 - Aircraft, Airmen and Airports Generally

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