Michigan Laws > Chapter 331 > Act 38 of 1969 – Hospital Finance Authority Act


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Terms Used In Michigan Laws > Chapter 331 > Act 38 of 1969 - Hospital Finance Authority Act

Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
Agent: includes , but is not limited to, an attorney-in-fact under a durable or nondurable power of attorney and an individual authorized to make decisions as a patient advocate concerning another's health care. See Michigan Laws 700.1103
Alternate valuation date: The earlier of the date six months after the decedent
Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year.
Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
Application: means a written request to the probate register for an order of informal probate or informal appointment under part 3 of article III. See Michigan Laws 700.1103
Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
Ascertainable standard: means a standard relating to an individual's health, education, support, or maintenance within the meaning of section 2041(b)(1)(A) or 2514(c)(1) of the internal revenue code of 1986, 26 USC 2041 and 2514. See Michigan Laws 700.7103
Assessment: means the amount levied against an owner of a transient facility within an assessment district computed by application of the applicable percentage against aggregate room charges with respect to that transient facility during the applicable assessment period. See Michigan Laws 141.1442
Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
Assistance: means that term as it is defined in part 54 of the natural resources and environmental protection act, 1994 PA 451, MCL 324. See Michigan Laws 141.1452
Attorney: means , if appointed to represent a child under the provisions referenced in section 5213, an attorney serving as the child's legal advocate in the manner defined and described in section 13a of chapter XIIA of the probate code of 1939, 1939 PA 288, MCL 712A. See Michigan Laws 700.1103
Authority: means the Michigan settlement administration authority created under section 4. See Michigan Laws 141.1603
Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
Beneficiary: includes , but is not limited to, the following:

(i) In relation to a trust, a person that is a trust beneficiary as defined in section 7103. See Michigan Laws 700.1103

Board: means the board of directors of the authority. See Michigan Laws 141.1603

Chief administrative officer: means any of the following:

(i) The manager of a village or, if a village does not employ a manager, the president of the village. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Claim: includes , but is not limited to, in respect to a decedent's or protected individual's estate, a liability of the decedent or protected individual, whether arising in contract, tort, or otherwise, and a liability of the estate that arises at or after the decedent's death or after a conservator's appointment, including funeral and burial expenses and costs and expenses of administration. See Michigan Laws 700.1103

Commissioner: means the director. See Michigan Laws 500.102

Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.

Community water supply: means that term as it is defined in part 54 of the natural resources and environmental protection act, 1994 PA 451, MCL 324. See Michigan Laws 141.1452

Conservator: means a person appointed by a court to manage a protected individual's estate. See Michigan Laws 700.1103

Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.

Contribution agreement: means the contribution agreement in substantially the form included with the city of Detroit's plan for adjustment. See Michigan Laws 141.1603

Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.

Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.

Countercyclical budget and economic stabilization fund: means the countercyclical budget and economic stabilization fund created in section 351 of the management and budget act, 1984 PA 431, MCL 18. See Michigan Laws 141.1603

Court: means the probate court or, when applicable, the family division of circuit court. See Michigan Laws 700.1103

Creditor: means either of the following:

(i) An entity that has a noncontingent claim against a local government that arose at the time of or before the commencement of the neutral evaluation process and whose claim represents at least $5,000,000. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.

Debtor: means a local government that is authorized to proceed under chapter 9 by this act and that meets the requirements of chapter 9. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Decedent: A deceased person.

Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.

Department: means the department of environmental quality. See Michigan Laws 141.1452

Department: means the department of insurance and financial services. See Michigan Laws 500.102

Director: means , unless the context clearly implies a different meaning, the director of the department. See Michigan Laws 500.102

Discretionary trust provision: means a provision in a trust, regardless of whether the terms of the trust provide a standard for the exercise of the trustee's discretion and regardless of whether the trust contains a spendthrift provision, that provides that the trustee has discretion, or words of similar import, to determine 1 or more of the following:

(i) Whether to distribute to or for the benefit of an individual or a class of beneficiaries the income or principal or both of the trust. See Michigan Laws 700.7103

Distributee: means a person that receives a decedent's property from the decedent's personal representative or trust property from the trustee other than as a creditor or purchaser. See Michigan Laws 700.1103

Embezzlement: In most states, embezzlement is defined as theft/larceny of assets (money or property) by a person in a position of trust or responsibility over those assets. Embezzlement typically occurs in the employment and corporate settings. ^{Source: OCC}

Emergency manager: means an emergency manager appointed under section 9. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Entity: means a partnership, nonprofit or business corporation, limited liability company, labor organization, or any other association, corporation, trust, or other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Environmental law: means a federal, state, or local law, rule, regulation, or ordinance that relates to the protection of the environment or human health. See Michigan Laws 700.1104

Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.

Estate: includes the property of the decedent, trust, or other person whose affairs are subject to this act as the property is originally constituted and as it exists throughout administration. See Michigan Laws 700.1104

Event center: means all or any part, or any combination of convention halls, auditoriums, stadiums, music halls, arenas, meeting rooms, exhibit areas, and related public areas owned by a municipality or related event center authority. See Michigan Laws 141.1442

Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.

Federal Reserve System: The central bank of the United States. The Fed, as it is commonly called, regulates the U.S. monetary and financial system. The Federal Reserve System is composed of a central governmental agency in Washington, D.C. (the Board of Governors) and twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks in major cities throughout the United States. ^{Source: OCC}

Felony: means a violation of a penal law of this state for which the offender, upon conviction, may be punished by imprisonment for more than 1 year or an offense expressly designated by law to be a felony. See Michigan Laws 761.1

Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.

Fiduciary: includes , but is not limited to, a personal representative, funeral representative, guardian, conservator, trustee, plenary guardian, partial guardian, and successor fiduciary. See Michigan Laws 700.1104

Financial and operating plan: means a written financial and operating plan for a local government under section 11, including an educational plan for a school district. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Financial institution: means an organization authorized to do business under state or federal laws relating to a financial institution and includes, but is not limited to, a bank, trust company, savings bank, building and loan association, savings and loan company or association, credit union, insurance company, and entity that offers mutual fund, securities brokerage, money market, or retail investment accounts. See Michigan Laws 700.1104

firearm: except as otherwise specifically defined in statute, includes any weapon which will, is designed to, or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by action of an explosive. See Michigan Laws 8.3t

Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.

Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}

Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.

Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. ^{Source: OCC}

fund: means the settlement administration fund created in section 7. See Michigan Laws 141.1603

Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.

Good faith: means participation by an interested party or a local government representative in the neutral evaluation process with the intent to negotiate a resolution of the issues that are the subject of the neutral evaluation process, including the timely provision of complete and accurate information to provide the relevant participants through the neutral evaluation process with sufficient information, in a confidential manner, to negotiate the readjustment of the local government's debt. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Governing body: means the board charged with the governing of the incorporating unit. See Michigan Laws 331.33

Governing instrument: means a deed; will; trust; funeral representative designation; insurance or annuity policy; account with POD designation; security registered in beneficiary form (TOD); pension, profit-sharing, retirement, or similar benefit plan; instrument creating or exercising a power of appointment or a power of attorney; or dispositive, appointive, or nominative instrument of any similar type. See Michigan Laws 700.1104

Governmental unit: means a governmental unit as defined in section 3 of the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 141.1452

Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it.

grantor: may be construed as including every person from or by whom any estate in lands passes in or by any deed. See Michigan Laws 8.3e

Gross estate: The total fair market value of all property and property interests, real and personal, tangible and intangible, of which a decedent had beneficial ownership at the time of death before subtractions for deductions, debts, administrative expenses, and casualty losses suffered during estate administration.

Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.

Guardian: means a person who has qualified as a guardian of a minor or a legally incapacitated individual under a parental or spousal nomination or a court appointment and includes a limited guardian as described in sections 5205, 5206, and 5306. See Michigan Laws 700.1104

Hazardous substance: means a substance defined as hazardous or toxic or otherwise regulated by an environmental law. See Michigan Laws 700.1104

hospital: means a public or nonpublic corporation, association, institution, or establishment located within this state for the care of the sick or wounded or of those who require medical treatment or nursing care or home for the aged or which provides retirement housing facilities described in subdivision (f)(iii) operated without profit to an individual, corporation, or association. See Michigan Laws 331.33

Hospital facilities: means any of the following:

(i) A building or structure suitable and intended for, or incidental or ancillary to, use by a hospital and includes nursing homes, homes for the aged, outpatient clinics, laboratories, laundries, nurses', doctors', or interns' residences, administration buildings, facilities for research directly involved with hospital care, maintenance, storage, or utility facilities, parking lots, and garages and all necessary, useful, or related equipment, furnishings, and appurtenances and all lands necessary or convenient as a site for these facilities. See Michigan Laws 331.33

Hospital loan: means a loan made by the state authority or a local authority to a hospital. See Michigan Laws 331.33

Impeachment: (1) The process of calling something into question, as in "impeaching the testimony of a witness." (2) The constitutional process whereby the House of Representatives may "impeach" (accuse of misconduct) high officers of the federal government for trial in the Senate.

in writing: shall be construed to include printing, engraving, and lithographing; except that if the written signature of a person is required by law, the signature shall be the proper handwriting of the person or, if the person is unable to write, the person's proper mark, which may be, unless otherwise expressly prohibited by law, a clear and classifiable fingerprint of the person made with ink or another substance. See Michigan Laws 8.3q

Incapacitated individual: means an individual who is impaired by reason of mental illness, mental deficiency, physical illness or disability, chronic use of drugs, chronic intoxication, or other cause, not including minority, to the extent of lacking sufficient understanding or capacity to make or communicate informed decisions. See Michigan Laws 700.1105

Incorporating unit: means a county, city, village, or township or a combination of 1 or more counties, cities, villages, or townships incorporating a local authority pursuant to this act. See Michigan Laws 331.33

Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}

Insurer: means an individual, corporation, association, partnership, reciprocal exchange, inter-insurer, Lloyds organization, fraternal benefit society, or other legal entity, engaged or attempting to engage in the business of making insurance or surety contracts. See Michigan Laws 500.106

Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. ^{Source: OCC}

Interested party: means a trustee, a committee of creditors, an affected creditor, an indenture trustee, a pension fund, a bondholder, a union that under its collective bargaining agreements has standing to initiate contract negotiations with the local government, or a representative selected by an association of retired employees of the public entity who receive income or benefits from the public entity. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Interests of the trust beneficiaries: means the beneficial interests provided in the terms of the trust. See Michigan Laws 700.7103

Irrevocable trust: A trust arrangement that cannot be revoked, rescinded, or repealed by the grantor.

Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.

Lawsuit: A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty, resulting in harm to the plaintiff.

Lease: includes , but is not limited to, an oil, gas, or other mineral lease. See Michigan Laws 700.1105

Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}

Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.

Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.

Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.

Local authority: means a public municipal corporation incorporated under this act. See Michigan Laws 331.33

Local emergency financial assistance loan board: means the local emergency financial assistance loan board created under section 2 of the emergency municipal loan act, 1980 PA 243, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Local government: means a municipal government or a school district. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Local government representative: means the person or persons designated by the governing body of the local government with authority to make recommendations and to attend the neutral evaluation process on behalf of the governing body of the local government. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Local inspector: means a certified forensic accountant, certified public accountant, attorney, or similarly credentialed person whose responsibility it is to determine the existence of proper internal and management controls, fraud, criminal activity, or any other accounting or management deficiencies. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Majority leader: see Floor Leaders

Marital deduction: The deduction(s) that can be taken in the determination of gift and estate tax liabilities because of the existence of a marriage or marital relationship.

Michigan prudent investor rule: means the fiduciary investment and management rule prescribed by part 5 of this article. See Michigan Laws 700.1106

Minor: means an individual who is less than 18 years of age. See Michigan Laws 700.1106

Misdemeanor: means a violation of a penal law of this state that is not a felony or a violation of an order, rule, or regulation of a state agency that is punishable by imprisonment or a fine that is not a civil fine. See Michigan Laws 761.1

Money: means legal tender or a note, draft, certificate of deposit, stock, bond, check, or credit card. See Michigan Laws 700.1106

Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.

Mortgage: means a conveyance, agreement, or arrangement in which property is encumbered or used as security. See Michigan Laws 700.1106

Municipal government: means a city, a village, a township, a charter township, a county, a department of county government if the county has an elected county executive under 1966 PA 293, MCL 45. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Municipality: means 1 of the following:

(i) A county having a population of greater than 250,000 and less than 300,000 according to the most recent federal decennial census and that levies an excise tax under 1974 PA 263, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 141.1442

Neutral evaluation process: means a form of alternative dispute resolution or mediation between a local government and interested parties as provided for in section 25. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Neutral evaluator: means an impartial, unbiased person or entity, commonly known as a mediator, who assists local governments and interested parties in reaching their own settlement of issues under this act, who is not aligned with any party, and who has no authoritative decision-making power. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Noncommunity water supply: means that term as it is defined in part 54 of the natural resources and environmental protection act, 1994 PA 451, MCL 324. See Michigan Laws 141.1452

Nursing home: means that term as defined in section 20109 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333. See Michigan Laws 331.33

Oath: A promise to tell the truth.

oath: shall be construed to include the word "affirmation" in all cases where by law an affirmation may be substituted for an oath; and in like cases the word "sworn" shall be construed to include the word "affirmed". See Michigan Laws 8.3k

Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.

Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.

Person: means an individual or an organization. See Michigan Laws 700.1106

person: may extend and be applied to bodies politic and corporate, as well as to individuals. See Michigan Laws 8.3l

Personal property: All property that is not real property.

Personal representative: includes , but is not limited to, an executor, administrator, successor personal representative, and special personal representative, and any other person, other than a trustee of a trust subject to article VII, who performs substantially the same function under the law governing that person's status. See Michigan Laws 700.1106

Plan for adjustment: means the plan for the adjustment of debts of the city of Detroit approved and entered by the United States bankruptcy court for the eastern district of Michigan, southern division, In Re City of Detroit, Michigan, case no. See Michigan Laws 141.1603

Power of appointment: means that term as defined in section 2 of the powers of appointment act of 1967, 1967 PA 224, MCL 556. See Michigan Laws 700.1106

Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}

Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.

Probate: Proving a will

Proceeding: includes an application and a petition, and may be an action at law or a suit in equity. See Michigan Laws 700.1106

Project costs: means the total of the reasonable or necessary costs incurred for carrying out the works and undertakings for the acquisition or construction of hospital facilities under this act. See Michigan Laws 331.33

Property: means anything that may be the subject of ownership, and includes both real and personal property or an interest in real or personal property. See Michigan Laws 700.1106

Property: includes any matter or thing upon or in respect to which an offense may be committed. See Michigan Laws 761.1

Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.

Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.

Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.

Receivership: means the process under this act by which a financial emergency is addressed through the appointment of an emergency manager. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Retirement systems: means the police and fire retirement system of the city of Detroit and the general retirement system of the city of Detroit. See Michigan Laws 141.1603

Review team: means a review team appointed under section 4. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Revocable trust: A trust agreement that can be canceled, rescinded, revoked, or repealed by the grantor (person who establishes the trust).

School board: means the governing body of a school district. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

School district: means a school district as that term is defined in section 6 of the revised school code, 1976 PA 451, MCL 380. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

seal: shall be construed to include any of the following:

(a) The impression of the seal on the paper alone. See Michigan Laws 8.3n

Security: includes , but is not limited to, a note, stock, treasury stock, bond, debenture, evidence of indebtedness, certificate of interest or participation in an oil, gas, or mining title or lease or in payments out of production under such a title or lease, collateral trust certificate, transferable share, voting trust certificate, or interest in a regulated investment company or other entity generally referred to as a mutual fund or, in general, an interest or instrument commonly known as a security, or a certificate of interest or participation for, a temporary or interim certificate, receipt, or certificate of deposit for, or any warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase any of the items listed in this subdivision. See Michigan Laws 700.1107

Sentencing guidelines: A set of rules and principles established by the United States Sentencing Commission that trial judges use to determine the sentence for a convicted defendant. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}

Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.

Settlor: means a person, including a testator or a trustee, who creates a trust. See Michigan Laws 700.7103

shall not apply: means that the pertinent provision is not operative as to certain persons or things or in conjunction with a particular date or dates. See Michigan Laws 8.4c

state: when applied to the different parts of the United States, shall be construed to extend to and include the District of Columbia and the several territories belonging to the United States; and the words "United States" shall be construed to include the district and territories. See Michigan Laws 8.3o

State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or a territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Michigan Laws 700.1107

State authority: means the hospital finance authority created by this act. See Michigan Laws 331.33

State financial authority: means the following:

(i) For a municipal government, the state treasurer. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

State treasurer: means the state treasurer of this state or his or her designee who is designated by a written instrument signed by the state treasurer and maintained in a permanent file and whose signature has the same force and effect as the signature of the state treasurer for all purposes under this act. See Michigan Laws 141.1603

Statute: A law passed by a legislature.

Strong mayor: means a mayor who has been granted veto power for any purpose under the charter of that local government. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Strong mayor approval: means approval of a resolution under 1 of the following conditions:

(i) The strong mayor approves the resolution. See Michigan Laws 141.1542

Successor: means a person, other than a creditor, who is entitled to property of a decedent under the decedent's will or this act. See Michigan Laws 700.1107

terms of the trust: means the manifestation of the settlor's intent regarding a trust's provisions as expressed in the trust instrument or as may be established by other evidence that would be admissible in a judicial proceeding. See Michigan Laws 700.1107

Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.

Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.

Trust: includes , but is not limited to, an express trust, private or charitable, with additions to the trust, wherever and however created. See Michigan Laws 700.1107

Trust beneficiary: means a person to whom 1 or both of the following apply:

(i) The person has a present or future beneficial interest in a trust, vested or contingent. See Michigan Laws 700.7103

Trust instrument: means a governing instrument that contains the terms of the trust, including any amendment to a term of the trust. See Michigan Laws 700.7103

Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.

Trustee: includes an original, additional, or successor trustee, whether or not appointed or confirmed by the court. See Michigan Laws 700.1107

Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. ^{Source: OCC}

United States: shall be construed to include the district and territories. See Michigan Laws 8.3o

Vehicle: means that term as defined in section 79 of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257. See Michigan Laws 777.1

Veto: The procedure established under the Constitution by which the President/Governor refuses to approve a bill or joint resolution and thus prevents its enactment into law. A regular veto occurs when the President/Governor returns the legislation to the house in which it originated. The President/Governor usually returns a vetoed bill with a message indicating his reasons for rejecting the measure. In Congress, the veto can be overridden only by a two-thirds vote in both the Senate and the House.